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HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-014 Munchkin-Care Day Care AGENDA STATEMENT PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING DATE:June 22,1999 SUBJECT: PUBLIC HEARING:PA 99-014,Munchkin-Care Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit. (Report Prepared by: Dennis Carrington,Senior Planner/Zoning Administrator) ATTACHMENTS: 1) Project Plans 2) Resolution Approving Negative Declaration 3) Resolution Denying Conditional Use Permit 4) Resolution Approving Conditional Use Permit 5) Applicant's written statement 6) Letter from Mr.And Mrs.Perea 7) Letter from Mr.and Mrs.Misra 8) Letter from Stephanie Tackett 9) Letter from Jay and Sue Krishna 10) Letter from NNS Associates RECOMMENDATION: 1) Open public hearing 2) Receive staff presentation and public testimony 3) Close public hearing and deliberate 4) Adopt Resolution(Attachment 2)approving the Negative Declaration for PA 99-014,Munchkin Care 5) Adopt Resolution(Attachment 3)denying the Conditional Use Permit request for PA 99-014, Munchkin Care for 30 children. BACKGROUND The Applicants,Ja and Sushma Krishna are requesting a Conditional Use Permit to operate a Day re Center for 30 children. The facility would be the primary use within an exiting single family residence in the PD(Planned Development)Zoning District(R-1 underlying zoning with a 7,000 square foot lot size)at 11586 Alegre Drive. An existing Large Family Day Care Home for 12 children is currently being operated at this site. The Planning Commission permitted the expansion of this facility from a Small Family Day Care Home for 6 children to a Large Family Day Care Home for 12 children on February 24,1998. The applicants and two employees would operate the facility. One of the children n in the facility belongs to the Applicants and three to the employees,resulting in COPIES TO: Applicant . Nandini Shridhar Address File ITEM NO. Li space for twenty-six additional children. The day care center would operate from 7:00 a.m.until 6:00 p.m.,Monday through Friday. ANALYSIS Noise Impacts: Children's noise. Staff visited the site and determined that noise impacts of children to surrounding residences would be minimal. Children are typically only taken outside the center to play after 3:00 p.m. Townhouses located to the west are ten to fifteen feet higher than the day care center and are separated from the center by two pnceesand approximately twenty feet of open space. The adjacent home to the sout on Alegre Drive would have few noise impacts because the yard/play area fa thR,day care facility is located to the rear of the Krishna residence. The aHjaceht home to the east on Alegre has its yard(with children's play equipment)facing the day care facility so noise impacts should be minimized. An adjacent lot to the north on Ladera Court should not be impacted because it is ten to twenty feet lower than the lot the center is located on and because of the distance(approximately seventy-five feet)from that residence to the day care facility. Conditions of approval are included in the resolution that limit the hours of .--. -7-6 operation of the day care center from 7:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.and require that sounds made by children be controlled so as not to create a nuisance to the adjoining residential neighborhood. A further condition requires that no outside P+ 112 activities may take place before 3:00 p.m. Staff has received a letter from Mr.and `N Mrs.Perea(Attachment 6)indicating their concerns that future expansion would give rise to increased children's play noise. Nandini Shridhar,the planning consultant for the Krishnas,has prepared a Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan to address staff concerns and the concerns of neighbors(Attachment 10),see below. (3@Qto ) Staff is preparing both a Resolution of Approval and a Resolution of Denial for this project. The Resolution of Approval contains conditions that implement the Parking 'a „,,,,) and Traffic Mitigation Plan and address the concerns of staff and neighbors. Traffic Noise. The City has received letters from the neighbors on either side of the proposed Day Care Center. Mr.and Mrs.Perea,owners of the home to the south of the center are concerned about increased noise levels due to added vehicular traffic,the drop-off/pick-up of children and the added number of children outside. Mr.And Mrs.Misra,owners of the home to the north of the center,wrote a letter(Attachment 7)stating that they feel that noise has increased since the center was changed from caring for 6 children to 12 children. Staff is concerned ;"that traffic noise would be intense for brief intervals if several vehicles arrived at the same time to deliver children. If trips are staggered during the drop-off period from 7:15 a.m.to 9:00 a.m.and the pick-up period from 4:30 p.m.until 6:00 p.m. traffic noise could be minimized. 2 Traffic Impacts. Department of Public Works staff determined that traffic impacts of the center would be minimal, that no traffic study be prepared, and that no traffic impact fee is required. Alegre Drive is a cul-de-sac with a design speed of 25 m.p.h. and should easily carry the approximately 30 trips during the morning and evening hours without conflicts with residential traffic. Staff is concerned about brief periods when several vehicles arrive at the same time causing episodes of congestion. Staff is also concerned about occasional speeding on Alegre Drive '_Cells by parents who are in a hurry. Staff observed the property from 8:00 a.m. until ,Loreti� 9:00 a.m. on June 17, 1999. Seven vehicles dropped-off children during that hour. ' ,3S speeding were observed. 1 v I IIn their letter the Pereas are concerned about two traffic issues: that traffic '^c'' ' would be increased considerably if not doubled; and speeding by hurried parents causing safety hazards for neighborhood children. The Misras are concerned about speeding as well and are also concerned about traffic conflicts by parents backing out of the center. Parking. The center has a driveway that is wide enough for three cars (six'. '/4 cars if tandem-parked) and two garaged parking spaces used by the Applicants and aployee. Six on-street parking spaces are within easy walking distance of the She/ey cen er. As stated above, Staff is concerned about brief periods when several \ vehicles arrive at the same times. At such times all close-in parking may be ‘1215c.1e4 J�,. occupied leading some parents who are in a hurry to use adjacent private driveways. Staff observed that up to three vehicles dropped-off children at one 53/A vor a time. Two occupied driveway spaces and one parked on the street. The average 3 e1K5 time taken to drop off a child was 6 minutes. The Parking and Traffic Mitigation c a+.,,,,3 Plan discussed below addresses many of staffs and neighbors concerns. Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan. NNS Associates has submitted a Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan (Attachment 10) that addresses the issues of Parking, Traffic Safety and Noise. The main points of the program are as follows: Parking 7:t5-1:0' • Change drop-off period of period from 7:15 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 .7:o'-q0v a.m. - 9:30 a.m. Staff feels this will have little impact on when children are really dropped-off. • Limit the time a person could occupy a parking space to 10 minutes in the z.D.t wt 44 driveway. -,--.srp-ld-;r1pk • Applicant and day care center staff would park on Amarillo Drive. Atw.u./wlda • Parents would be required to wait until a driveway space is open before they enter Alegre Drive. • Agreement between the center and its customers not to park in adjacent \-,,,, ,,,,. driveways, on the street, wait outside the cul-de-sac until a driveway 3 , space is vacant,and not park for more than 10 minutes in the driveway, ,-•N with provision for fines for violations. Traffic Safety Se kz,r('""'.dja Parents of school age children park on Amarillo Drive. 5 �w , • Parents agree to adhere to posted speed limits. Noise .red.c ._ • Gate entry would be left open during drop-off and pick-up hours(if allowed by State regulations)to eliminate gate slamming noises that o�kws 73%�9 bother neighbors. • Outdoor activities of the children would be limited to the hours of 3:00 p.m.to 5:00 p.m. t4-tM9 OIL zG Staff feels that the Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan would address the impacts of a Day Care Center for 20 children but not that of a Day Care Center for 30 children. Almost tripling the number of children at the center could have episodic impacts that would be harmful to the neighborhood. Increasing the students toa0 rochildren would have to be looked at after the center operated at the 20 child level 3� for at least a year with no ill effects. Licensing. A condition of approval is included which requires that prior to establishment of the use,the operator shall submit a copy of the State Department of Social Services License Permit for the operation of a Day Care Facility. Another condition of approval requires that on a continuing basis,the Applicant shall provide the City of Dublin Department of Community Development with current day care operating licenses issued by the State of California Department of Social Services. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW A Negative Declaration has been prepared for the project pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA),the State CEQA Guidelines,and the City of Dublin Environmental Guidelines. The Initial Study evaluated issues relating to land use and planning,population and housing,geologic problems,water,air quality,transportation/circulation,biological,energy and mineral and cultural resources,hazards,public services,utilities and services systems,aesthetics,and recreation. It was determined that the proposed project will not have a significant effect on the environment. A copy of the Resolution approving the Negative Declaration is attached to this report as Attachment 2, GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING The proposed Day Care Center is consistent with the Single Family Residential designation of the General Plan and the PD(R-t)Zoning District. 4 AGENCY REVIEW This project has been reviewed by other City departments and interested agencies, and their comments have been incorporated as conditions of approval in the draft Resolution. CONCLUSION The proposed Day Care Center for 30 children that implements the Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan would have episodic impacts to the neighborhood that would not be acceptable. Staff could recommend approval of a project with 20 children that implements the Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan. GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION: APPLICANT: Nandini N. Shridhar NNS Associates 721 Live Oak Avenue, No. 7 Menlo Park, CA 94025 OWNER: Jay and Sushma Krishna 11586 Alegre Drive Dublin, CA 94568 LOCATION: 11586 Alegre Drive, at end of Alegre Drive. ASSESSOR PARCEL: 941-105-68 GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATION: Single Family Residential EXISTING ZONING AND LAND USE: PD (R-1) Zoning District. Single family residential homes to the North, East and South. Townhouse development to the West. g:pa99014/pcstfrpt 5 ATTACHMENT RESOLUTION NO. 99 - xx A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN ADOPTING A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR PA 99-014 MUNCHKIN-CARE DAY CARE CENTER CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT WHEREAS, Jay and Sushma Krishna, submitted an application requesting approval of a Conditional Use Permit for the operation of a Day Care center, for a maximum of 30 children, as the primary use within an existing single-family residence in a PD, Planned Development, Zoning District, located at 11586 Alegre Drive, and WHEREAS, the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), together with the State guidelines and City environmental regulations require that certain projects be reviewed for environmental impact and that environmental documents be prepared; and WHEREAS, an Initial Study was conducted finding that the project, as proposed and as conditioned, would not have a significant effect on the environment; and WHEREAS, a Negative Declaration has been prepared for this application and is on file in the City of Dublin Planning Department; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission did review and use their independent judgment to consider the Negative Declaration at a public hearing on June 22, 1999; and WHEREAS, proper notice of said public hearing was given in all respects as required by law. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby find that: A. Munchkin-Care Large Family Day Care Home Conditional Use Permit project will not have a significant effect on the environment based on review of the Initial Study and public testimony. B. The Negative Declaration has been prepared and processed in accordance with State and local environmental laws and guideline regulations. C. The Negative Declaration is complete and adequate. ATTACHMENT NOW, THEREFORE BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby adopt the Negative Declaration for PA 99-014, Munchkin-Care Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit Project. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 22nd day of June, 1999. AYES: NOES: ABSENT: Planning Commission Chairperson ATTEST: Community Development Director g:99014\ndreso RESOLUTION NO. 99 - xx A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN DENYING PA 99-014 MUNCHKIN-CARE DAY CARE CENTER CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT REQUEST IN A PD (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT), SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONING DISTRICT AT 11586 ALEGRE DRIVE WHEREAS, Jay and Sushma Krishna submitted an application requesting approval of a Conditional Use Permit for the operation of a Day Care Center, for a maximum of 30 children, as the primary use within an existing single-family residence in a PD (Planned Development), Single Family Residential Zoning District, located at 11586 Alegre Drive; and WHEREAS, the application has been reviewed in accordance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and a Negative Declaration has been adopted (Planning Commission Resolution No. 99- ) for this project as it will have no significant effect on the environment; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a public hearing on said application on June 22, 1999; and WHEREAS, proper notice of said public hearing was given in all respects as required by law; and WHEREAS, the Staff Report determined that the project would have episodic impacts to traffic and parking that would not be acceptable; and WHEREAS, the Staff Report was submitted recommending that the application for a Day Care Center for 30 children be denied; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission did hear and consider all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth and used their independent judgment to evaluate the project. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby find that: A. The proposed operation of the day care center is not compatible with other land uses, transportation and service facilities in the vicinity because episodic impacts to traffic and parking would have negative impacts on the neighborhood. B. The use due to episodic impact to traffic and parking will adversely affect the health or safety of persons residing or working in the vicinity, or be detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. ATTACHMENT C. The use will be injurious to property or improvements in the neighborhood because of episodic impacts to traffic and parking. D. There are adequate provisions for public access, water, sanitation, and public utilities and services to ensure that the proposed use and related structures would not be detrimental to the public health, safety, and welfare. E. The subject site is physically suitable for the type, density and intensity of the use and related structures being proposed. F. The Munchkin-Care Day Care Center is contrary to the specific intent clauses, development regulations, or performance standards established for the zoning district in which it is located because of episodic impacts to traffic and parking. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby Deny PA 99-014 Munchkin-Care Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit application as generally depicted by materials labeled Exhibit A on file with the Dublin Planning Department. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 22nd day of June, 1999. AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ATTEST: Planning Commission Chairperson Director of Community Development g:pa99014\cupresodenial RESOLUTION NO. 99 - xx A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN APPROVING PA 99-014 MUNCHKIN-CARE DAY CARE CENTER CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT REQUEST IN A PD (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT), SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONING DISTRICT AT 11586 ALEGRE DRIVE WHEREAS, Jay and Sushma Krishna submitted an application requesting approval of a Conditional Use Permit for the operation of a Day Care Center, for a maximum of 20 children, as the primary use within an existing single-family residence in a PD (Planned Development), Single Family Residential Zoning District, located at 11586 Alegre Drive; and WHEREAS, the application has been reviewed in accordance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and a Negative Declaration has been adopted (Planning Commission Resolution No. 99- ) for this project as it will have no significant effect on the environment; and WHEREAS, conditions of approval have been included in this resolution that implement a Parking and Traffic Mitigation Plan that minimize traffic, noise and parking impacts to the neighborhood; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a public hearing on said application on June 22, 1999; and WHEREAS, proper notice of said public hearing was given in all respects as required by law; and WHEREAS, the Staff Report was submitted recommending that the application be conditionally approved; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission did hear and consider all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth and used their independent judgment to evaluate the project. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby find that: A. The proposed operation of the day care center is compatible, as conditioned, with other land uses, transportation and service facilities in the vicinity because noise and traffic impacts will be minimized by hours of operation, the size and the design of the subdivision(s) adjacent to the project, the small amount of services consumed, and the Iow number of trips generated. ATTACHMENT B. The use, as conditioned, will not adversely affect the health or safety of persons residing or working in the vicinity, or be detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare because all local and State regulations will be met. C. The use as conditioned, will not be injurious to property or improvements in the neighborhood because the day care home will minimize noise impacts and traffic impacts through limits on the number of children and the hours of operation and hours of pick-up and drop-off. D. There are adequate provisions for public access, water, sanitation, and public utilities and services to ensure that the proposed use and related structures would not be detrimental to the public health, safety, and welfare. E. The subject site is physically suitable for the type, density and intensity of the use and related structures being proposed. F. The Munchkin-Care Day Care Center as conditioned, is not contrary to the specific intent clauses, development regulations, or performance standards established for the zoning district in which it is located because it is a residential use. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT THE Dublin Planning Commission does hereby conditionally approve PA 99-014 Munchkin-Care Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit application as generally depicted by materials labeled Exhibit A, stamped approved and on file with the Dublin Planning Department, subject to the following conditions: CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL: Unless stated otherwise, all Conditions of Approval shall be complied with prior to the issuance of building permits or establishment of use (having more than 12 children in the day care center), and shall be subiect to Planning Department review and approval. The following codes represent those departments/agencies responsible for monitoring compliance of the conditions of approval. [PL.] Planning, [BI Building, [PO] Police, [PW] Public Works [ADM] Administration/City Attorney, [FIN] Finance, IF] Alameda County Fire Department, [DSR1 Dublin San Ramon Services District, [CO1 Alameda County Department of Environmental Health. This Conditional Use Permit approval for PA 99-014 is to allow the operation of a Day Care facility at 11586 Alegre Drive in a PD Single Family Residential Zoning District. This approval shall generally conform to the plans stamped approved, labeled Exhibit A, consisting of a Site plan and Floor Plan dated received by the Planning Department on April 28, 1999 and shall be subject to the following conditions. [PL] The maximum number of children present at the day care facility at any one time shall not exceed 20. [PL] 2. The family day care center shall operate Monday through Friday between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. and shall be closed on the weekends. [PL] The day care center shall have drop-off times of from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and pick up times of between 4:30 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. [PL] The Applicant shall prepare a document to the satisfaction of the Director of Community Development that is signed by all customers. The document shall require customers to limit the time a person can occupy a parking space in the driveway to 10 minutes, require parents to wait until a driveway space is open before they enter Alegre Drive, and require parents to not park in adjacent driveways or on the street, with provision for fines for violations. [PL] Applicants and day care center staff shall park in garaged spaces or on Amarillo Drive. [PL] 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Parents of school age children park on Amarillo Drive. [PL] The gate entry shall be repaired and left open during drop-off and pick-up hours (if allowed by State regulations) to eliminate gate slamming noises that bother neighbors. [PL] Illuminated exits and exit signs are required. [F] Exit Hardware. Exit doors must be openable from the inside without special knowledge or the use of a key. Slide locks, chains, etc.., are not allowed. For security purposes, a single action deadbolt/door lock may be used. Note: This applies to the rear yard gate also. [F] Exits: If each room does not have an exit directly to the exterior, then the corridor will be required to be one-hour rated. The minimum corridor width is 36 inches. Exit doors shall be of the hinged type and shall have proper hardware. [F] Smoke Detectors. Smoke detectors in the common atmospheres are required and shall be connected to the fire alarm. [F] If a fire alarm is not required pursuant to conditions 10 or 11, then an early warning notification device shall be installed. Type and location may be field coordinated. IF]. Fire Extinguishers are required in the playroom adjacent to the garage and in the kitchen due to the floor plan. [F] Fire Alarm Device is required to be mounted to the structure and shall be audible throughout the structure. [F] 3 15. An on site inspection is required prior to Fire Department approval. The inspection fee is $80.00. State Licensing also requires the inspection. [F] 16. Sounds made by children shall be controlled so as not to create a nuisance to the adjoining residential neighborhood. No outside activities may take place before 3:00 p.m. [PL] 17. The operator of the Center shall require that children remain either inside the Center or in the backyard for pickup by their parent or guardian. [PL] 18. Prior to the establishment of this use, the operator shall submit a copy of the State Department of Social Services License Permit for the operation of a day care center. [PL] 19. On a continuous basis, the Applicant shall provide the City of Dublin Planning Department with a current day care operating license issued by the State of California Department of Social Services. [PL] 20. The day care director shall, at the minimum of a once-a-year basis, make arrangements to have the Dublin Police Services Child Abuse Prevention Program, or an equivalent program approved by Dublin Police Services, presented to the Staff and children attending the facility. A certification of the presentation of such a program shall be presented to the Planning Department on a yearly basis. [PL, PO] 21. This use shall comply with all applicable Planning, Building, Alameda County Fire Department, Police Department, Dublin San Ramon Services District and State of California Department of Social Services regulations and ordinances. [PL, B, F, PO, DSR] 22. This approval shall be null and void in the event the approved use fails to be established within one year, or ceases to operate for a continuous one-year period. [PL] 23. Any signage on the site shall be subject to the City's Sign Ordinance. [PL! 24. The Applicant shall be responsible for cleanup and disposal of project related trash in order to maintain a clean and litter free site. [PL] 25. Two parking spaces in the existing garage and one parking space in the driveway shall be reserved for employee parking. [PL] 26. No future modifications to the site or exterior portion of the residence shall be made without prior review of the Director of Community Development and must comply with all applicable zoning, building code and engineering regulations including issuance of building permits. [PL, B] 27. At any time during the effectiveness of this approval, the approval shall be revocable for cause in accordance with Section 8.96.020.1 of the Dublin Zoning Ordinance. Any violation of the terms or conditions of this permit shall be subject to citation. [PL] PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 22nd day of June, 1999. AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ATTEST: Director of Community Development g:pa99014\cupresoapproval Planning Commission Chairperson 5 WRITTEN STATEMENT Vqtxat type of business, activity or use are you proposing? Munchkin-Care is an existing large family daycare facility currently licensed to accommodate fourteen (14) children as defined under state Kegulation Section 102352 (f)(1)(B). The owner/project sponsor proposes to expand the existing daycare operation to a Day Care Center to accommodate sixteen (16) additional children on a daily basis resulting in a total of thirty (30) children including infants and toddlers. Under the current operation Munchkin-Care employees' children and the project sponsor/owner's child occupy four spaces. The day care owner/project sponsor currently does not receive any compensation for the three spaces occupied by the employees' children. Therefore, only a total of twenty-six (26) children would be formally enrolled in the facility upon approval of this application. b. How many employees will you have or propose to have? Since the approval of the previous conditional use permit by the City of Dublin, Munchkin Care has acquired one part-time employee in addition to the one full-time employee. The proposed expansion to a Day Care Center would enable the project sponsor to have two full-time employees to assist in the day-to-day operations of the daycare. c. Wlmt are the proposed hours and days of operation? The proposed Day Care Center would open at 7 a.m. and close at 6 p.m. from Monday through Friday. d. Will your business, activity or use target a specific segment of the community? The existing large family day care and the proposed Day Care facility is targeted to benefit working parents of families with children residing or working in the neighborhoods within the City of Dublin and surrounding cities by providing a supervised, safe, hygienic, home4ike environment within a single-family residence. e. In what ways will your business, activity or uses benefit the community? The proposed expansion of the existing licensed large family daycare facility from 14 children (including the employees' children and the owner's child) to 30 children is a direct response to the increase in demand and innumerable requests made to the project sponsor to increase capacity and accommodate more children. The existing childcare facility has been in operation since November 1995, and has acquired an excellent reputation for providing a convenient, home-tike and hygienic em,ironment for children during this period. In addition, proximity to Neilson's Elementary School which closes at 3 p.m. during weekdays makes the proposed expansion of the existing large family daycare an extremely beneficial and viable operation, as the Day Care Center would continue to offer after school childcare services and accommodate more children. The enlarged facility would also provide full-time employment to two single teenage mothers and state subsidized childcare for NNSAssociates Urban and Environmental. Planning Consultants ATTACHMENT go their children. The proposed Day care Center would, therefi~re, greatly benefit the communit3' by continuing to provide qualit3' child-care sensces. Are there ways in which your business, activity or use may disrupt the peace of the surrSunding residents or businesses? No. The proposed daycare facility would operate inside the single-family residence within the property limits of the subject site and would not adversely affect the peace and quiet of the surrounding residents or businesses. Will your business, activity or use have any negative impacts on the health or safety of people residing or working in the vicinity? No. The proposed expansion of the existing family daycare facility would have no adverse impacts on the health, safety and welfare of the people residing or working in the vicinity of the subject site. Will your business, activity or use create any negative impacts on the property, transportation systems or existing improvements in the neighborhood? The proposed use of the existing single-family and large family day care as a Day Care Center to accommodate a total of 30 children would have minimal impacts on surrounding properties, transportation systems or existing improvements in the neighborhood. (Please refer to the traffic, parking and transportation section of the responses to the "Initial Study" questions) Is the proposed project located on a hazardous waste and substances site? (A list of these sites is available in the Planning Deparnnent) No. The subject site is located in a highly urbanized residential development zoned as a Planned development (PD) and there are no known hazardous waste substances on the site. NNS A~sociates Urban and Environmental Planning Consultants June 7, 1999 Neighbors Alegre Drive Dublin, CA 94568 RE: Project PA99-014 Munehkin Care Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit Dear Neighbor, Recently, we received a letter from the City of Dublin informing us that the Munchkin Day Care Center (11586 Alegre Drive) applied to expand their present maximum of 12 children to a maximum capacity of 30 children. Last year, the facilty expanded from 6 to its present capacity of 12 children. It has been our experience as neighbors that problems will occur from this expansion. We feel the following are significant issues of concern: Parking · Employee parking would be doubled during the hours of operation (7 a.m.- 6:30 p.m.). · Customer (parent) parking while dropping offand picking up would be considerably increased, if not doubled. · Obstruction of neighboring driveways. As residents we all know that parking is limited in the cul-de-sac, especially during Nielsen School functions. Traffic/Sa fe~. The amount of traffic would be increased considerably, if not doubled. Speeding traffic from hurried parents presents safety hazards for neighborhood children. Traffic is already above the normal level of a cul-de-sac due to the proximity of Nielsen School. Parents of school children already use the end of the cul-de-sac as a turnaround. Noise Increased noise levels due to added vehicular traffic. Increased noise levels during parents drop-off/pick-up of their children. Exterior noise would be increased due to the added number of children outside. Resale Home Values When we purchased our home almost 2 years ago, the sellers disclosed (by law) to us that there was a daycare facility next door with a maximum of six children. Six children did not seem to be a problem. However, shortly thereafter, it increased to twelve. In our opinion, any increase above the current capacity poses the above-mentioned problems. We adore this neighborhood and do not plan on moving anytime soon. But realistically, we will eventually sell our home just as you may. Ask yourself this question, as a potential home buyer would you want to live R~CE~VED ATTACHMENT nextdoor or nearby a daycare facility with 30 children? Or, would you be willing to pay top dollar for the home? We see this as a bargaining tool for the buyer. On June 1, 1999, we received a letter from the Krishnas regarding their daycare expansion. In the letter, they address the issue of traffic. If they are addressing the issue, it must be an important one. They state that parent arrival times will be "staggered". How is this possible? Each parent would have to be able to set their own arrival schedule around the other parents schedules. Arrival schedules are dictated by work and school schedules. There is a normal window of time that drop-offs and pick-ups occur. That is why the facilty is open before and after normal business working hours. Many parents already drop-off and pick-up their children at the same time. Another of their concerns in the letter was "speeding". Hmmmm...Our concern as well. We don't believe that any of the parents speed with the intent to cause any harm. However, we all know that when one is late, rushed or exhausted, especially after a hard day at work, they can get careless. We in no way want to offend or cause any harm to the Krishna's. They are wonderful people. However, they happen to have a business--and this is business. We feel the Munchkin Daycare Center is at its maximum capacity in our beautiful neighborhood. The fact that our home was located in a cul-de-sac was a very important factor in our decision to buy a home on Alegre Drive. A cul-de-sac by its very nature is supposed to limit traffic and thus increase safety for everyone, especially children. We have two small children and do not want to lose this inherent safety benefit. With the daycare facility at its present maximum of 12 children, we have already experienced people blocking our driveway and speeding in and out to pick up their children. Remember this is a residential neighborhood, not a business districL....Let's keep it that way. On June 22, 1999 at 7:00 p.m. in the Civic Center Council Chambers, located at 100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, a public hearing will be held for an issuance of a conditional use permit to increase the daycare facility capacity. Any interested person may appear and be heard regarding this matter. Please join us on June 22 and voice your concerns. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact either myself, Ed, or my wife, Ang61ica, at home 833-1129. Sincerely, The Perea Family// 11550 Alegre Drive, Dublin CCi Maxine Jennings, Chairperson - Planning Commission Ralph D. Hughes, Planning Commissioner Don Johnson, Planning Commissioner Fred Musser, Planning Commissioner Tony Oravetv, Planning Commissioner Eddie Peabody, Jr., Director of Community Development Dennis Carrington, Senior Planner Fire Marshall, City of Dublin Fire Department Traffic Unit and Parking Enforcement, Dublin Police Department June 2, 1999 Mr. & Mrs. Julian S. P. Misra 11598 Alegre Drive Dublin, CA 94568 Mr. Eddie Peabody Jr. Director of Community Development City of Dublin 100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, CA 94568 Subject: PA 99-014 Munchkin Care Day Care Center Dear Mr. Peabody: We are very much concerned, being the next door neighbors of this proposed expansion of the day care center owned by Mr. & Mrs. Krishna. We see several problems arising from the conditional permit given by the City to the owners of thee business. When we bought our house at 11598 Alegre Drive in 1986, we expected the neighborhood to remain residential for not only our child but also the other neighbors' children. When Mr. & Mrs. Krishna expanded their business in 1997, we understood from Mrs. Krishna that the number of children she will be caring for was six at the most. We recently found out from you that the number of children is twelve which has had impact on traffic, parking, noise and safety for residents of the neighborhood in the cul-de-sac. On quite a few occasions, we have had trouble getting in and out of our own driveway as the cars coming to pickup or drop offthe children had the entrance to our driveway blocked. Mrs. Krishna's caregivers also use the parking spaces in front of our house. Speeding is also a problem as parents are rushing to drop offor pickup their children. Since the last expansion of this business, traffic, parking close to our home, and noise have definitely increased. Alegre Drive is a cul-de-sac and not a through street which makes matters worse as people are constantly making U-tums or backing out of the driveway of the day care center. In the past, we only had to deal with the problems of traffic and parking from activities of the Nielsen School, with the expansion of the day care center in 1997, it has become worse. We would also like to remind the city that the subdivision is zoned residential not commercial. We are not preventing Mr. & Mrs. Krishna from having a business but we would like to recommend to the planning commission to reconsider their conditional permit of expansion. In the past, we did not protest or complain, simply because we were trying to be good neighbors to them. This time though, we regretfully object to the expansion of the day care center from what it is now to a maximum of thirty children. ,,Sincerely, ATTACHMfiNT Stephanie T. Tackett 11689 Padre Way Dublin, CA 94568 828-5150 March 25, 1999 City of Dublin 100 Civic Drive Dublin, CA 94568 To Whom it May Concern: I am writing this letter in support of Sue Krishna efforts to increase the capacity of children in her day-care located on Alegre Drive. My family and I lived at 11599 Alegre for about a one and a half years. As a parent, I realize the importance of quality child-care and was happy to find it across the street. Sue and her aids frequently took care of my daughters and they received excellent care in her home. The traffic on our cul-de-sac is no more effected by Sue's day-care than it is by the local elementary school. The parents of the children in Sue's care are very aware of the fact that her facility is located in a neighborhood and they are very courteous to those living on the street. They drive slow and do not park for long periods of time. It is my desire to see Sue expand her care facility in order to meet the growing demands of our community. I understand Joy is going to stop accepting children for after-school care and Sue's facility would offer parents a wonderful alternative. The children are happy and well cared for and I always look forward to placing my girls in Sue's care. Sincerely, Stephanie Tackett ATTACHMENT Jay and Sue Kdshna 11586 Alegre Drive Dublin, CA 94568 June 17, 1999 Mr. Eddie Peabody Jr. Director of Community Development City of Dublin Dublin, CA 94568 DearMr. Peabody: This letter is in regards to our application for our Munchkin Care Day Cam Center project. As you know, the Dublin Planning Department has prepared a Negative Declaration for this project. The Dublin Planning Commission will hold a public hearing on the project and proposes to adopt a Negative Declaration on June 22, 1999. Recently, we have become aware of concems raised by two of our neighbors on Alegre Drive with regard to vadous environmental issues. We would like to emphasize that: 1. The Planning Department's environmental review resulted in a Negative Declaration. 2. Our dialogues with several other residents on Alegre Ddve indicate that there are no environmental or properly value concerns of the nature expressed by the residents at 11598 Alegre Ddve and 11580 Alegre Ddve. Letters to that effect will be produced. 3. Despite the negative declaration on the environmental review, as supportive neighbors, we have explained to the Planning Depadment vadous measures to mitigate any potential environmental ~ problems. We have requested NNS Associates to submit these mitigation measures to the Planning Department today. ' While the need for high quality child care need not be emphasized, we would like lo reiterate that Munchkin Care will be offedng a much needed community service in an environmentally friendly manner. We expect our neighborhood and the City of Dublin to be proud of such a quality service operating within accordance of the City's laws and regulations. Based on the Planning Department's Negative Declaration and the general feedback from the neighborhood and the community at large, we fully expect this project to be recommended for approval both, by the Planning Department as well as the Planning Commission of the City of Dublin. Should you have any questions or concerns in this matter, please contact us at (925) 828-7944. ATTACHMENT June 17, 1999 Sincerely, Jay and Sue Kdshna Cc: Ms. Maxine Jennings, Chai[person, Planning Commission, Mr. Ralph D. Hughes, Planning Commissioner, Mr. Don Johnson, Planning Commissioner, Mr. Fred Musser, Planning Commissioner, Mr. Tony Omvetz, Planning Commissioner, Mr. Dennis Cardngton, Senior Planner Enclosures submitted to Mr. Dennis Candngton: 1. Article from the Califomia Chapter of the Amedcan Planning Association. 2. Letter from Ms. GIoda Koski, Realtor, Coldwell Banker, on the negative impact of Child Cam Centers on property values. 06/17/99 THU 07:08 FAX ~001 June 17, 1999 Mr. Eddie Peabody Community Development Director City of Dublin Planning Department City Offices, 100 Civic Pla~a Dublin, California 94568 SUBJECT: Project PA99-014 Munchkin Cate Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit_ Dear Mr. PeaNxty: I am writing un hehaffof Ms. Sushma Krishna the owner/project sponsor of Muchldn Care Day CaTe Center. This letter is in response to two letters submitted to the City of Dublin Planning Department by the project sponsors neighboring residents, the Perea and the Misra families (the neighbors) on Alegre Drive. This letter is al*o a follow-up of my discuxsion yesterday w~th Dennis Catrington of your staff. Mr. Cartington essentially indicated that in light of the issues raised in the letters, staff i~ considering recommending denial of the conditional use authorization requested in the above referenced permit application. However, I would like to reiterate that'the City of Dublin Traffic Engineers and the Plak-lng Department staff have collectively determined that the proposed ~ion of Munchlcin-Care from 14 children to 30 children would have no impacts on traffic, parking, noise and safety in the cul-de-sac on Alegre Drive. As I discussed with Mr. Carting, ton, I strongly urge the City to con.4der the various letters written in support of the proposed project which outnumber the two letters that oppo4~e the project simply on the basis Of a hypothetical effect on property values and recommend approval of the use application. In addition, to alleviate the concerns raised in the le~cers submitted by the neighbors Mr. Carrington and I also discussed a number of parking and traffic mitigation measures that would significantly reduce any potential noise and safety concerns the neighbors may have. The Parking and Traffic Mitigation Phn below proposed by the owner/project spor~sor include various mitigation measures that would be implemented upon approval of the conditional use apphcation. Each issue raised in the letters opposing the project is restated below and then followed by mitigation measures that specifically address all of the concerns listed. Please note that the project spon~rs are continuing to md~. an effort to resolve these issues ~"ith the parties opposing the proposed project. Issue, #1 Parking Employee parking would be doubled during the hours of operation (7 a.m. - 6:30 ^rr^c.. m i0 721 Live Oak Avenue, No. 7 · Menlo Park, Califomla 94025 · Tel; (650) 3294764 · Fax; (650) 326-5960 06/17/99 THU 07:08 FAX ~002 - Customer (parent) parking while dropping and pieldng up would be coosiderably increased, if not doubled. - Obstruction of neighboring driveways Munehkin. Care Par~i,~g and Traffic Mitigation Plan Response #1 Driveway1 P~rkir.~Plan at M,~hki~Ca,e The application currenfly StateS that the proposed Day-Care Center operation would commence at 7am and close at 6 pm from Monday through Friday and the current drop-of and pick~up hours are between 7.15 am to 9 am and from 4.30 pm to 6 pm. To be more accurate the Day Care Center dropof and pick-up hours would range ~rom 7am to 9.30 am and from 4 pm to 6.30 pm respectively. Hence, there is an approximately 90-minute period in the AM and PM hours when the children's parents (the parents) could use the ex~sting 6 driveway-parking spaceS (includes 3 tandem-see Exhibit A) on the subject site for periods of up to 10 minutes without ocCUlting any curbside parking spaces in the cul-de-sac. However, since Munchkin-Ca~e employees occupy 2 driveway-parking spaces, only 4 parking spaces are available to the parents currently. ~tith the current limit of ten minute parking on the driveway and the staggered dropoff and pick-up and hours approximatel~ 36 cars coald park on the driveway over a 90 minute period even under the current operating condifiom at the subject site. Statistically, the chances of cars blocking neighboring driveways ot overcrowding in the cuMe-sac are almost impossible with the amount of parking available on. ire. Further, under the proposed parking phn which would include a previously stated driveway expansion proposal, 7 driveway.parking spaces (including 3 tandem patlrlng spaces) would be made available to the parents at all times during the day. The project sponsor and the employees would park their vehicles along Amarillo Drive across Neilson's and walk to the project site thereby eliminating any employee paxking needs and at least 3 trips into the cul-de-sac. Therefore, 63 cars could potentially park for periods of up to 10 minutes within the 90-minute drop-of and pick-up periods. The parking mitigation plan as proposed would completely eliminate all potential for cars blocking neighboring driveways since all projected demand for parking would be accommodated on the subject property &fveway and no eurbside parking would be used in the cuMe~aac_ [mplemenra~ ~'~ a Pa~b.i~g VioLation Fee Additionally, the project sponsors will requite all patents to sign an agreement that would subject them to a penalty of up to $20 for any parking violation such as blocking driveways, using cttthside parking in the eul-de, sae or failing to vacate a driveway parking space within ten minutes. Parents would be required to visually check for driveway-parking availability at Munchkin-Care from the intersection of Amarillo and Alegre Drive before entering the cul-de-sac. Munchkin-Care employees would also visuall~ monitor potential parking 2 06/17/99 THU 07:09 FAX ~003 violations at the Day Care Center on a daily basis by e~corting the children to the cars and/or through a remote (camera) surveillance system. hsue #2 Traffic 8afe~ - The amount of Traffic would be increased considerably, ff not doubled. -Speeding traffic from hurried patents presents safety hazards for neighboring children - Traffic is already above the normal level of a cul-de-sac due to the proximity of Neitsons School. Parents of school children already use the cul4e-sac as a turnround. MuncMdn-Care Parkin~ and Traffic Mitigation pl~. Response #2 T~,aff'ic Control Measures Requiting parents of school age chilcken to paxk along Amarillo Drive and walk to Munehkin~Care during dropof and pick-up hours would further control traffic flowing in and out of the cul-de-sac With the proposed expansion, approximately 16 additional children would be admitted to the Day-Care Center, of which at least 8 are expected to be ~hool age children. The project sponsor therefore, anticipates only 8 additional trips into the cul-de.sac at this time, which clearly amounts to an insignificant increase in traffic within the cuMosac. Please note that 4 of the proposed 30 spaces would be occupied by the employees and the owners children leaving only a total of 26 children that would be enrolled under the proposed Day Care Center Plan. Traffic Safety As mentioned in the application package, traffic from Neilson's has been significantly reduced due to clas~-size reduction over the years since 1997. Therefore, the concerns regaxdlng traffic being above the ~normal level" or parents exceeding requixed speed limits in the eul-de4ac are invalid. The neighbors have no way of determining whether the cars exceeding the existing speed limits are those coming to Munchkin-Care or the ones coming to Neilsons and entering the cul<le-sac to turn ~round. All parents are advised to adhere to the SlX~ed limit~ posted in the vicini~ of the subject-site. The Neilsons School uaffic monitor at the intersection of Amari.[lo and Alegre further oversees any traffic going in and out of the cuMe4ac and has reported no unsafe conditions pr~ented by the existing level of traffic in the cul-de-sac. In fact, the traffic impact is so negligible tha~ when approached for a comment on the proposed Day Care Center, the Neilsons traffic crossing monitor indicated that she had no knowledge ora the existing day-care operation since the impacts were barely noticeable. Issue #3 Noise Increased noise levels due to added vehicular traffic Increased noise levels during parents drop-off/pick-up of their children 3 06/17/99 TItU 07:09 FAX ~004 Exterior noise would be increased due to the added number of children outside Mtmchkin, Care Pavl,lnff ~rtd Tra~e Mitigation Plan Response #3 No/,.~ The proposed parking and traffic mitigation plan would generate no parkixag demand and significantly reduce trips in and out of the cul4e4ac thereby having no potential noise impacts from increased traffic On-site noise impacts from the existing gate m the Munchldn-Caxe pla,ffoom area from the driveway would be mitigated by leaving the gate open during dropof and pick-up hours. Further, outdoor activities for the children would be limited to the hours of 3 pm to 5 pm. in the afternoons thereb~ resulting in no change in the exterior noise levels from the subject site. Lastly, as Mr. Ca~tington and I discussed and agreed the P~rking and Mitigation plan proposed herein would adequately address all of the concerns raised in the neighbors' letters. In light of the proposed Parking and Mitigation plan we request that the staff recommend approval of the proposed day Care Center project. There is a ~ignificant hck of Day Cme sen4ces like Munchkin-care in the Community. The Ci~ and the community would cle~l¥ lose an opportunity to have an excellent Day. Care Center flit were to recommend denial of the proposed application. Thank you for the opportunity to respond to the public comment staff bas received for the proposed Munchkin Care Day Care Center project. If you have any questions regarding the responses in this letter, please do not hesitate to contact me at (650)329-1764. ~ulSlhar, AICP enc: Exhibit "Ap Two Letters from neighbors c: Mr. Dennis Carringt0n, Senior Planner 4 06/17/99 THU 07:10 FAX · [~efkPou~r~xstems 415g~?sg~8 ~005 66-15-99 :18:Z3 P,O4 p(,a ¢4 06/17/99 THU 07:10 FAX ~006 June 7, 1999 Neighhors Akgre Drive Dublin, CA 94568 RE: Projegt PA99-014 Munehkln Cure Day Car~ Center Conditional Use Permit De~r Ncigh~r. Recemly, we r~eeived a letter from the City of Dublin info~m{aE us that tl~e Mumhkin Day Care -Genter-(-)4-Sg6-Ale~.l~ive) applied ,to.exp~d their pre~ent mnx, im~ ofl2 cl:u~lren to a ..... maximum capacity of 30 chil~en. Last year, the faeilry expanded from 6 to it; presem capacity of 12 child~n- It has been our experience as neighbors th~ problems will occur ~'om expansion. We feel tlg ~lowing are s;?i6cant ~ of concern: Employ,m parking would he doubled during the hours of operation (7 a.m.- 6:30 p.m.). Customer (paw-ut) parking wluqe dropping off and luicking up would be considerably increa~d, if not doubled. Obslruction of neighboring dtivewaym. Az residents we nil know that parking is limited in the cul-de-sac, ~glg~-~ally during Nielsen School ructions. Truffle/Safety Tlg amount of trail% would ~e increased considerably, if not doubled. $t,~-~ing_ traffic from hurried pa~uts presents safety b,~n~is for neighborhood children. Traff~ is alF=ady above the normal level of a cul-de-sac due to the proximity oflqielsen SchooL parems of school cl~kiren already use the end ofu'me cul-de-sac as a turnarouml. Noise Increased noise levels dm to added vehicular traffic. In~rgaggl noig levels during pagnls drop-oil/pick-up oftlgir children. Exterior noise would be incnnased due to the added number ofchi{dr~n outside. When w~ purchased our hong almost 2 years ago, the s~lle~s disclosed (by law) to us that there was a daycarc fac~Tiry next door with a mazda,urn of six children. Six children did not ~ to be a problem. However, shortly'thereafter, it increased to twelve. In our opinion, any increase above the current capacity poses ',he ahove-mentioned problems. We adore this neighborhood and do ~ot plan on moving anytime soon. But realistically, we will eventually sell our home just as you may. Ask yourself this question, as a potential borne buyer would you warn lo live RL~C~ilVE D I4o rkpo,un'F ~rs t ems .4tSOb'~dSm~'?*6 06--1.5-99 ~extdoor or he.by a d~care faciii~ w~th 30 clfildren? Or, would you be willing t~ pay to~D dolhr for the home? Wc s~e this as o bargaining tool for the buyer. On Iur~ I, 1999, we received a letter from the KrL~sa~ regatdir~g their daycare e~pan~on. In the ~t~er. th~ addr~s fl~¢ issue of traffic. If they are ndareSs/ng tbe isst~, k mus~ be an important one. They ~tate that parent arrival times w~l be 'staggered". How L~ this possible? Each patent would have to be abl~ to set t.t~t OWn arrival schedule around ~ other parents scheduies. Arrival schedules nr~ dictated by work and school schedule. There is a normaJ window oftirn~ Ihat drol~ol~ and p~ck-ups occur. That is why the facihy L~ olin before and after normal bu~r~ss working hout~. Many pa_~lts already drop-off an4 p~ck-up their clu-ldren at the sar~ time. Another offl~r conc~n~ ~n the l~tter was "speeding". Hmm~m ..Our concern a~ well_ We donl believe lh~t any of 1be pa~enls speed wkh thc in~nt to cause any harm. However, we all know that when one is late. rushed or exhausted, cq~c~ly after a hard day at work, they can Wc bx no way want to offend or cause any lmrm to the Voishna's. They are wonderful p~ople. How~wer, they happtm to ~av¢ a brininess--and tl~ is business. We fe~! the Munchkir~ Daycare C. czacr is at its maximum capacity h our Imauliful neighborhood. The fact that our horn~ was located in a ¢uJ-d~-mc was a very impoflant factor ill our decLsion to buy a home on Alegre Drive. A cul-de-sac by iLs v¢~ nature is supposed to limit traffic and thus increase safety for everyone, espeeiall~ children. We have two small clu~cken arid do not want to !o.~ 1his inherent safedy benefit. With the daycare facility at its present maximum off2 child.s, we have already experienced people bloclcing our &iveway and ~eding in and out to pick up tl~Jr chgclt~n. On June 22. 1999 at 7:00 p.m. in the Civic Center Council Chambers, located at 100 Civic Plaza. Dublin, a public hearing will he held for an issuance ufa conditional ttse permit to increas~ lhe daycare facility capachy. Ally interested person may appear and be bard regarding this nmtter_ Please join us on June 22 and voice your con. ms. Ifyou bare any questions or comments, please feel free ~o contact either mysell~, Ed. or my ~ Ang&ica. at hon~ 833-1129. The P~rea Family 11550 Alcgrc Drive, Dublin Ralph D. I-Iur, bes, ?lara Comm k,ner Don $ohnson, Ptanning Comndssionet Fred Musser, Planning CommL~oner Tony Oravetv, Planning Commis~ner F. ddie Peabody, .Ir., Director of Comnmnity Development Denni_~ Cm'rj~ton, ~et~or Planner Fire Marshall City of Dublin Fire Dcpmim~ Traffic Unil and Parking Enforcement, Dublin Police Depaflmem 08/17/99 THU 07:11 FAX [~008 Mo ~' k Po~ae r Ig:r s t e .~s 4 IL,~I~-'T~7~i l)Sr- i.~-~SI ln:~ P.O~ Jur~ 2. 1999 Mr_ & Mm Julian S, P. Misra i 1598 Ale~re Drive Dublin. CA 94565 Mr, Eddie Peabody Ir_ Director of Community D~welopment City of Doblin 100 Civic Plaza, l~blin. CA 94568 Subjegt; PA 99-014 Munchkin Care Day Car~ Center Dear Mr. Peabody: We are very much ¢oncerned:'~in~ ~e'i~-d~r-~'l~fibdrS-$figis '~roposed ~pa~ion of the day ~ cent~ o~ed ~ Mr. · ~ ~a., We ~ s~] pt~]~ a~sing f~m the cond~o~l p~ ~ by ~ Ci~ to ~e ~ ~th~ b~in~ ~ we ~ ~r ~u~c at 11598 ~e ~ ~ 9~6. we ~ ~ ~~ ~o ~mio ~ide~l f~ n~ 0nly our child b~ also lhe ~h~ ~i~' childr~ ~ Mr, & ~. Kfish~'~d~ t~ b~in~s in l~7, we ufld~ ~om Mrs. Kris~ ~ ~ numb~ ofcbti~ she will bo ~g f~ was six al lh~ ~sL We ~ly f~nd om ~m y~ ~ ~ num~ ofchildr~ is moire which has ~d im~ ~ ~, ~king ~e aM m~ f~ ~ of~o ~i~ in ~ ~ul~c. ~ quite a f~ m~sions, w~ ~ve ~d tmub~ g~iag ia ~d ~ of~r owe ~veway ~ ~e ~ ~ to ~ ~ d~p off~ chfl~ ~d ~ ~a~ ~o our &~y bl~. Mn. ~v~ a~ u~ ~e ~g s~ in ~ of ~ I~. S~ing ~ al~ a pr~lem ~ ~ ~ ~hiag to &~ offor p~ I~ children. S~ ~. hst ~i~ of~is-b~i~ ~ffig ~k~ ~1~ W ~ ~me. end ~ge ~ve d~nhely Ale~e ~v~ is a eu~-sac ~ ~ a ~ugh ~t ~ich m~ ~n~ w~ ~ ~le ~ ~ly ~king U-tu~ ~ bang ~ of the ~v~ay of~e day ~ ~. In ~e p~ ~ only ~d to d~l wkh I~ ~bl~ oftr~e ~ p~k~g ~om a~viti~ of the ~h~l, wRh ~ ~n of~ ~ ~ ~ in ] 997, k ~s ~ wo~c. We would ai~ I~e !o remind the ei~ ~t ~e ~ivisi~ is ~nM ~emhl ~ comm~claL a~ ~t pr~t~g Mr. · ~. ~ ~ ~vi~ a ~i~ bm we w~ld llke ~ ~mm~d fl~e p~ing ~mmission to r~d~ ~eir ~i~oaal ~it of~pamio~ In ~he p~. we did n~ prat ~ ~plain, simply b~ we w~e t~ing Io ~ g~ ngg~ to ~m, Thh ti~ thougk we ~l~ ~j~t ~o Ihe ~i~ of~ ~ ~ ~t~ ~m w~t it is now m a ~xlmum of · i~ chorea. Misra ........... ........ WEDNESDAY Ju~ 9 1999 ,of da :- mke % onasucc ss ~.~:~¢¢t,~,}~'?',~" . '7~-'.'~- c~?';~Colorado. Co~Ucut ~, ' ~ ' Y ' 0~, ~ ' r~ centers on chfldrm h~ fo~d. ,.~., ...~. --.~ but .... q~er o~ m~e ~envere~ n~- a~ ~k qu~ ~e -- ~d more ~ ~ 11 p~reent were subs~d~d~ ~ MoSt centers,, re,catcher8 b~ aca- '. ~ ;'Chlldren:'Who':have' re- cafe '/~:.have: a positive rela- ,.,,the flrst.:ctlOnshlp..,wlth..thelr~ school [ when it ' t~acher;" ~mtd,Carollee Howes.'a 'quality developmlmtal~.;psychologist at and'"eontinUes to -lheUnlve~tty~Of ~2alffornla, LOs enter Angele~':graduate schOol of edtt. ' catiofi'tu~d!kifonnatlon studies. from regard- or ha ! proble ns ';. Bat~ey .said ~they.? were iai lis as well struck'.fb-~ itheV magnffi~d: effect ~.: _as¥,~ .e~,?,'acad,emic scores than that day Care'$ quality had on i l~.¢~'~rtun,a[(/CoUnterparts the later~iSChOOl!perform~nce of ~!~.~;' the ~earlier:' ~, re, f. ~chlLdren~2~hose m°ther~i~ad the ,~a~h~tt~died~ ' 'a~ ~.findomn~Iow~ i~-n~lS ~i~dg.C~.ff6n;' , RESIDENTIAL BROKERAGE 600 SAN RAMON VALLEY BLVD DANVILLE, CA 94526 {925) 837 4100 BUS (925) 831-3294 FAX PLANNING ETHICS EXAMINED AT CCAPA CONFERENCE STUMBLING BLOCK TO BUILDING BLOCK: ZONING AND CHILD CARE CENTERS By Eric Norris CCAPA Publicity Chair Among the hardest choices faced by planners are lhose which revolve around the questions of personal growth and ethics. Career decisions, questions of professional ethics and practices, and philosophical debates can be as important to a planner as more down-to-earth consid- erations. The 1988 Calilornia Chapter, American Planning Association Conference in Palm Springs, October 23-26, will focus on per- sonal and professional issues as one of the major themes addressed at Ihe slatewide gathering. Other themes include state and regional issues, local issues, environmental issues and societar issues. One conference session will examine a difficult but familiar question to many plan- ners: When to make a switch to/or from the public sector? The workshop will explore the trade-offs, benelits and liabililies asso- ciated with work in the public and private sectors. The lg88 CCAPA Conference, named Hard Choices, will also feature mobire workshops, social and sporting events and exhibitor's show. A special symposium and reception will be hosted by the California Planners Foundation on Sunday. October 23. Titled "Getting Ready For The Big One", the symposium wilt cover the responsibilities of planners in dealing with the pending major earthquake predicted to hit Southern California in the next few dec- ades, Look for conference registration infor- mation in the June issue af California Planner Newsletter. By Abby J. Cohen Editor's Note: Creation of quality, afford- able and safe child care Is sn issue facing communlty planners. This article follows a feature In November 1987 California Planner entitled "Zoning and Family Day Care" by the same author. The lack of child care programs has reached crisis proportions. The rea- sons can be found in exploding de- mand for services and a supply which not only cannot keep up but in some instances is aclually shrinking, There are a multitude of factors respon- sible for the shrinking supply of quality child care. These include: the slashing of governmental resources for child care; lack of licensable and affordable space for "...planning professionals have not focused sufficient attention on this area of concern.' child care; inadequate wages for child care providers; lack of affordable liability insurance; lack of a national family policy; lack of support of child care from employ- ers; and a variety of local prohibitions, re- strictions and unnecessarily onerous processes for establishing child care programs. One very maior problem plaguing child care expansion efforts are zoning restric- tions. This article will examine these zoning barriers. Child care centers are licensed by the State of California, Deparlment of Social Services, Community Care Licensing Divi- sion. Child care centers are defined as "any child day care facility other than a family day care home, and includes infant centers, preschools, and extended day care facilities." (California Health and Safety Code Section 1596.76). The level of regulation is much more extensive for centers than for family day care homes. State regulation of child care centers covers the following areas: staff qualifica- tions, staff/child ratios, admission policies, medical policies, physical environment, nu- trition services, parent access and involve- ment, discipline policies, and transporta- tion requirements. When local zoning ordi- nances fail to consider the state licensing scheme, confusion, duplication and un- necessary red tape are the result, The most typical definitional problems with local zoning ordinances are: 1) a failure to include any mention of child care centers; 2) inclusion of categories which are un- defined, do not appear in state licensing law or are archaic; 3) a failure to distinguish family day care homes (see California Planner November 1987) from child care cenlers; and Continued on page 6 Zoning and Child Care Centers Continued from page I 4) a failure to distinguish child care cen- ters from other caregiving facilities, par- ticularly residential care facilities. In addition to the definitionar problems, zoning ordinances also may be a major barrier to the development of child care centers because they include: 1) additional requirements or require* ments inconsistent with state law; 2) outright prohibitions against child care centers in certain zones or all zones; and 3) procedures for approval which are costly, excessively complicated, lime-con- suming, intimidating to providers and/or require that unnecessarily restrictive condi- tions be met. Which Zones Are Appropriate? Despite some recognition as long as 20 years ago about the need to address zoning problems for child care, it is surprising how little attention has been given the issue by planners, tn preparing this article, the author could refer to only a handful of studies, three of which were pubfished prior to 1974, Thus, despite the growing recognition that we need dala and analysis on which to base our child care zoning policies and the urgency of our need for more favorable policies, planning professionals have not focused sufficient attention on this area ct concern. It is symptomatic of society's ambiva- lence toward child care that we find com- munities allowing child care centers in resi- dential zones but not in commercial zones, while other communities are allowing child care in commercial zones but not in resi- dential zones. If there is any fundamenlar principle now operating in the child care community it is that parents should have choices in child care which include the avairability of all types of child care programs in a variety of locations. Residential Zones A variety of argumenls have been put forward as {o why child care centers should not be located in residential zones, ranging from incompatibility with the neigh- borhood to scale of operation resulting in increased traffic and noise to diminished privacy and property values. Yet, as the Guide for Day Care Licensing prepared by the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare noted in 1973, day care programs should be treated as community facilities (not as proprietary uses restricted to commercial zones). The guide com- ments: "For purposes of the zoning ordi- nance, the location of day care facili- ties should be considered compa- rable to elemenlary schools. In both day care facilities and elementary schools, children are present for a specific period ct time under the supervision of adult staff. There is a greater degree of supervision in day care facilities, and in the majority of Photo courlesy of Kids On K~mpu~ them there are fewer children than in an elementary school. Consequen{ly, there will be less likelihood of negative effects upon neighboring property. Treating day care uses as com- munity facilities means that day care should be permitted to locate in any zoning district as long as need has been demonstrated, licensing re- quirements have been met and no physical hazard Io children c..an be reasonably anticipated. Treating day care facilities in the same manner as elementary schools means lhat they could be established without the lengthy processing time involved in obtaining a conditional or special use permit." It is interesting to consider however, just how "uncontroversial" the siting of elemen- tary schools is in this day and age. What a difference 15 years make! These days very few elementary schools are being sited, Those that are being siled are encounter- ing controversy Many more school districts are faced with vacanl school properties which are highly adaplable for use as child care facilities. Consequently, zoning offi- cials should encourage the use of school sites for child care and regard a child care center operating on a school site as a permissible use. A recently proposed zoning ordinance from Prince George's County Maryland defines child care centers as permitted uses in all buildings designed for public assembly, nol lust in buildings designed as schools. For further exploration of the impacts of child care on residential neighborhoods and recommended siting guidelines, see "Child Care Facilities: Locational Criteria and Guidelines for Oevelopment and Evaluation" ( 100-16) developed by the City of Oakland in 1974. A more recent study is also worth reviewing. Conducted by the Planning Department of Montgomery County, Maryland, and entitled "Small Child Care Facilities in Residential Areas'*, it discusses child care facilities serving up to 20 children, thereby group~ng both family day care homes and small child care centers togelher. Office And Commercial Zones Many working parents would welcome the availabilily of child care on-site or near the site of their workplaces. They note a desire to be in close proximity to their chil- dren so they can respond to emergencies, so that they may visit and nurse their children, and so that they do not have to make an extra trip twice a day to transport their children to child care. However, the constraints of commercial districts, including but not limited to zoning restric- "...in virtually all cases, unnecessarily burdensome requirements...prevail." lions, have prevented the development of many centers in commercial areas. Some of these impediments include the cost of Ihe space; the inadequacy of parking, pick-up, and outdoor space; and an inabilily to adequately buffer the center from other types of incompatible uses. Of course, the variations in the types of commercial zones (a downlown versus a suburban business park for example) make it difficull to generalize about child care in these settings, However, in virtually all cases, unnecessarily burdensome requirements or overly time-consuming approval processes prevail, Development of reasonable criteria, streamlining of approval processes and incorporation of incentives or exactions will be necessary to adequately expand the number of child care centers in commercial areas. An excellent first step in this direction comes from Montgomery County, Maryland which recently completed a study of "Child Care Centers in Commercial Settings." The study includes a survey of actual child care centers in commercial settings, capi- tal costs of esta~lishing child care centers in commercial areas, mechanisms to pro- vide for child care centers in commercial areas and site planning standards and guidelines. CALIFORNIA PLANNER -- 6 -- APRIL 1988 Industrial Zones Few persons would choose an induslrial zone as the most desirable place for a child care program Nonetheless. vari- ations in the environmental qualily ot such zones differ greatly. Therefore, planners should retrain from passing blanket prohibilions against child care cenlers in industrial zones. In fact, the general plan ct Paid Alto reads, "Support the use of variances where appropriate to expand site coverage in industrial zones for child care facilities. The zoning administrator can place conditions on approval of variances. If variances are granted for expanded site coverage for child care facilities, the use o! this addi- tional space should be limited slrictly to child care." Reasonable criteria can be es- tablished which would not permit child care operations on premises located in a hazardous industrial environment. Under What Conditions? The most typical conditions imposed on child care centers fall into the following areas: · Traffic · Parking · Loading (Pick-up/Drop-off) · Concentration · Noise · Signage · Environmental hazards · Security · Incompatibility (the vaguest condition of all) It needs to be emphasized that whal- ever standards are developed, they need to be judged against the following criteria: "Consideration should... be given to child care as an accessory use.., in certain zones..." Authority: the planning department musl have the authority to adopt the slandard; Necessity: the planning department must have real and substantial evidence to justity imposing the standard (La. not just basing standards on outmoded assump- tions, stereotypes, etc); Clarity: the standard must be dear on ils face as ~o what il requires, giving providers predictabilily as to what is ex- pected of them and how a slandard will be implemented in praclice; Consistency: the standard must be con- sistent with other zoning provisions, other local laws, and slate and federal statutes and regulations; Non-duplication: the regulalion most not duplicale other provisions, regulations or statutes; and Considerahon of the cost of compli- once: Ihe cost must nol be prohibitive While cost should nol be an overriding factor, it should enter the calculus if there are alternative means of achieving the same end al lesser cosl. These alterna- lives should be spelled out and made available without the necessity ol an onerous waiver process. Mechanisms For Imposing Conditions The imposition of full-blown conditional use permil procedures have frequently im- posed a severe barrier to the expansion of much needed child care centers. One of the major concerns of such a process is ils expense, In California, we have seen figures ranging from $275 to $1455 for the permit application, exclusive of fees for environmental assessments, studies, maps, appeals, experts, altorneys, elc. This may not seem exhorbitant but child care is far from being a lucrative profession, Additionally, the process is time-con- suming, intimidating, and frequently results in hearings which reflect extraneous neigh- borhood issues. As a general matter, planning depart- ments should be giving grealer c,pnsidera- tion to the use of non-discretionary zoning administrator's permits, which have the po- tential to alleviate many of the problems described here, Consideration should also be given Io child care as an accessory use or prelerred use in certain zones if Ihese methods would eliminate the burdens of the conditional use permit process. The best zoning ordinance in the world will not necessarily expand the availability of child care in a particular community, but it is an important first step. Planners should also be thinking of ways child care can be considered in the overall planning process, from the revision of general plans to exactions and inoorporalion ct require- ments for child care in development agreements. Many suggestions for positive incorporation of child care in the land use planning process may be found in Plan- ning for Child Care: A Compendium for Child Care Advocates Seeking lhe Inclusion of Child Care in the Land Use/ Development Process, published by the Child Care Center. (c) 1988 Child Care Law Center Cohen is managing attorney for the Child Care Law Center. 22 Second Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco. CA 94105; (415) 495-5498. Land Use Litigation Continued from page 3 ments in the consideration of alternatives in an EIR. In this particular case, a general plan amendment and EIR certification was challenged on the grounds that the approving city failed to address Ihe proiect alternatives at the time it issued its statement of overriding consideralions. Although the EIR contained a discus- sion of six alternatives, including lwo which were environmentally superior to that of the preferred proiect, the findings of approval contained no discussion of the EIR alternatives as required by Public Re- sources Code Section 21081. The appellate decision also affirmed the holding of Citizens Association for Sensible Development in the Bishop Area when it concluded that the cily, on remand, should consider the potential economic problems ca~sed by the proposed prorect, which could conceivably result in business clo- sures and physical deterioration of the downtown area. Finally, the appellate court ruled that the city's action was inadequate for failure to adopt the mitigation measures at the time of the general plan amendment. The EIR had identified numerous mitigation measures; however, those were not incorporated at the time of the general plan amendment. In fact, the evidence sug- gested that the council was under the impression that the mitigation measures would only be included at the time of specific project approval, Goleta Valley v. The Board of Supervi- sors of the County of Santa Barbara. 88 Daily Journal DAR 886; Citizens for Quality Growth v. City of Mount Shasta. 88 Daily Journal DAR 1625, Abbott is with the Law Offices of Balfrey & Abbott with offices in Oakland and Sacra- mento. His legal practice is limited to land use. planning and public agency law Legislative Report Continued from page 4 AB 3278 (FILANTE) -- SAN MARCOS: LIABILITY FOR CAPITAL FACILITY FEES This bill would again attempt to overturn the San Marcos court decision relating to public agency liability for capital facility fees of another public agency. This bill would authorize public agencies that provide water, light, heat, power, sewer. and other services to charge other public entities nondiscriminatory user charges for their share of capital facilities necessary to provide the service Assemblyman Cortese has also amended a bill, AB 1350, to address this issue, similar to his AB 318 from last year. AB 318 was vetoed last year by the Governor. CALIFORNIA PLANNER -- 7 -- April 1988 Abby 1. Cohen Managing A~totney CIIILD CARE LAW CENTER 22 SECOND STREET, 5TH FLOOR SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105 Telephone: 415/495-5498 Fax:415/495-6734 B~ar'a C~cc.:lrilli Carlson $1aff ^tto~ey Marcia Ro~en ~peclal Counsel FURTHER RESOURCES American Planning Association. "Updating Day Care." Zoning News, February 1'987, American Society of Planning Officials. "Planning, Women and Change, "by Hapgood & Getzels. Planning Advisory Report No. 301, April 1974, pp. 18-20. California Child Care Resource & Referral Network. A Developer's Guide to Child Care. San Francisco: California Child Care Resource and Referral Network, 1986. Cibulskis, Ann and Marsha Ritzdorf. Zoning for Child Care. Chicago: American Planning Association, December 1989. Cohen, Abby. Local Officials Guide to Family Day Care Zoning. Wash. D.C.: National League of Cities, 1989. Cohen, Abby. 'i, Zoning for Family D~_Care: Transforming a Stumbling Block into a Building Block. Zoning and Plannifi~w Report. November 1990, p. 73. Cohen, Abby. Planning for Child Care: A Compendium for Child Care Advocates Seeking the Inclusion of Child Care in the Land Use/Development Process. San Francisco: Child Care Law Center, 1987. Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. Small Child Care Facilities in Residential Areas. Silver Spring, MD: Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, March 1987. Netter, Edith. "Zoning and the Freedom to Choose," undated unpublished draft. Oakland City Planning Department. Daycare Facilities for the Children of Oakland: A Study of Neighbors' Attitudes. Oakland: Oakland City Planning Department, 1966. Oakland City Planning Department. Zoning and Child Care in Oakland. Oakland: Oakland City Planning Department, 1974. Pollard, rvlarilyn. "Zoning for Day Care Facilities." Arizona State Law Journal, 1976, p. 63. Ritzdorf, Marsha. Zoning and the Changing Family. Paper presented at the Zon/ng Institute, 1985. - Smith, Herbert. The Citizen's Guide to Zoning. Washington, DC: Planners Press, American Planning Association, 1983. U.S. Department of Health, Education & Welfare. Guide for Day Care Licensing. Publication No. (OCD) 73-103. Washington, DC: U.s. Department of Health,. Education & Welfare, 1973, pp. 56-59. APA Policy Guide on Child Care Page 1 of 4 Policy Guide on THE PROVISION OF CHILD CARE Revised by the APA Legislative & Policy Committee, July, 1997 Adopted by the Chapter Delegate Assembly, September 20, 1997 Ratified by the Board of Directors, September 21, 1997 STATEMENT OF ISSUE and FINDINGS Affordable, conveniently-located, quality child care is one of the most pressing concerns of contemporary family life. In the 1990's, 75% of women with school-aged children are in the labor force. According to the Census Bureau, in 1990, there were 19.2 million employed women with children under 15 years old living with them. Their 31 million children must be cared for while their mothers are at worked. The most rapid increase in the rate of labor force participation since 1970 has been among women with children under the age of three. In 1997, 62% of mothers with pre-schoolers are in the work force. Additionally, most of these mothers work full time. In 1990, an estimated 1.6 million children 5 to 14 years old were "latchkey" children, i.e., let~ unsupervised for at least part of the day. Child care is clearly a national problem calling out for some form of Federal support. In addition, there are numerous state and local level policies and actions which would enhance the provision of quality child care. In 1990, a common type of arrangement chosen by working parents was family day care homes. It continues to be a preferred choice. Family day care is provided by an adult working in her or his home and typically caring for four to seven children. Local planners can play an important role in facilitating the provision of family day care by working to amend zoning to permit such a use by right in some residential districts. Local planners are also increasing the availability of child care by working with developers to provide affordable space. Child Care in the workplace as another convenient option for working parents. POLICY POSITIONS h ttp ://www. planning, org/govt/childcr, htm 7/14/98 APA Policy Guide on Child Care Page 2 of 4 1. APA advocates the inclusion of child care policies as part of local planning policies. 2. APA supports local or state legislation which provides for small child care homes as permitted land uses in all zoning districts, without the standard home occupation restrictions, but with reasonable compatibility standards; and further supports state preemption of local legislation which does not permit this type of child care home. 3. APA encourages communities to consider amending local zoning ordinances to remove obstacles to the provision of regulated group and family child care in all zoning districts, in locations that are appropriate and safe for children. 4 APA encourages communities to negotiate with developers and to offer incentives to provide space for child care in all types of projects, residential, office, mixed use, and commercial, including new construction and reuse. Reasons for these principles include: The impact of child care shortages is most acutely felt at the local level. A survey of parents seeking child care in five counties in New York State showed the number one problem to be finding a center which was conveniently located. Many communities are already actively engaged in improving the availability of child care for their residents. For example, in Hartford, Connecticut, developers can receive a FAR bonus in exchange for providing space for day care. Prince George's County, Maryland has amended its zoning to include a special exception for child care facilities in excess public school buildings undergoing adaptive reuse. Palo Alto, California includes in its comprehensive plan a variance permitting expanded site coverage in industrial zones when the additional building space is used for child care. Tucson, Arizona zoning regulations allow by right small child care homes and, conditionally, small child care centers in residential zones. The State of California requires local jurisdictions to classify family day care as a residential use and prohibits the imposition of licenses, fees, or zoning requirements on day care centers with 6 or fewer children. Local jurisdictions may require special use permits for facilities with up to 12 children, but limit local discretion to consideration of spacing, parking, traffic, and noise control, subject to the building meeting state building and fire safety requirements. It should be noted that, although much attention is being focused on the provision of child care at work, surveys consistently show that most parents prefer that their children be in small facilities close to home. Parents are concerned not just about convenience of child care, but also the quality of child care. Child care for a limited number of children in a home is the preferred choice of many parents. Home occupation restrictions, such as limited use of floor space in the home and prohibitions on the use of outdoor space, http ://www.planning.org/govt/childcr. htm 7/14/98 APA Policy Guide on Child Care Eage 3 of 4 unreasonably restrict child care in the home. Some locations, such as high noise areas near airports and industrial areas with hazardous materials storage, may be inappropriate for child care. In addition, maintaining the quality of life in a neighborhood is important. Traffic and parking, waste disposal, and adequate sound control measures should be considered when providing for child care in a neighborhood. Licensing of child care to assure the quality of care and safety of children should are reasonable requirements. 5. APA supports legislation at the Federal, state and local levels providing for child care needs assessment and planning to be performed at the state and local level. 6. APA supports local legislation (zoning ordinances) which provide for child care in locations convenient to neighborhoods and in public facilities such as schools, recreation and social service centers, and subsidized housing projects. Procedures to locate child care facilities should not be overly burdensome and should be related to size and land use impacts of the facility. 7. APA supports national and state legislation which moves toward the goal of providing adequate funding for safe, convenient and affordable child care opportunities for all children. Reasons for these principles include: The United States is the only industrialized nation which provides no job protection or child care support for working parents. American women have no statutory entitlement to job protection, health coverage for themselves and their newborn, or access to affordable, convenient and quality child care. The majority of women (80%, according to the National Commission on Working Women) work in low-paying, low status jobs. Nearly two thirds (63.6%) of all minimum wage earners are women. Twenty percent of mothers in the work force, or over 6 million women, are the sole support of their families. Without public policies in support of parents, we as a society run the risk that many of today's children will not receive the necessary care to grow into productive adults. Regulations which protect the safety of children, enhance the quality of care, or assure child care affordability are appropriate and will help to address concerns of parents and communities about child care. Child care costs are most burdensome on low-income mothers. Women, especially women of color, are more likely to hold low-wage jobs. Child care costs approximately 27% of the monthly income for a family below poverty in 1991. Increased zonlng barriers add to the cost of child care and the lowering of http ://www. planning, org/govffchildcr, htm 7/14/98 APA Policy Guide on Child Care quality of care. Typically, churches and schools are permitted in residential zones as uses that are compatible with and help support the viability of a neighborhood. Child care centers are usually considered commercial land uses, thus making the cost and convenience of child care greater for neighborhood residents. Welfare reform's impact on the need for child care for low-income mothers has the potential to be significant. Public funding for day care (e.g. the provision of safe, affordable, child care at convenient locations) is essential to implementation of any Federal or State program for welfare reform. Note: The implementation of actions at the state level is at the initiative of the chapter taken itt the legislative context particular to each state. ResouFces: Planting Advisory sen,ice Report Number 422, Zoning for ChiM Care, Ant Cibulskis a~MMarsba Ritzdoft, American Platming Association, 1989. Bureau of Census, StatiStical Briefs: American Women: A Profile (SB/95-19); The Earnings Ladder (SB/94-3RV); Who's Minding The Kids? (SB/94-5) Zonmg For Family Day Care: Transforming a Stumbling Block bito A Building Block, Abby Cohen, The Planning Commissioner's Journal, Number 3, March/April 1992. Page 4 of 4 APA. AICP. National Planning Conference. Planners Book Service. Research Publications' Planning Advisory Service. Educational Opportunities Legislative & Policy Issues · Public Information · People, Jobs & Consultant Services What's New. Links · Calendar. FAQ - Site Map Copwig, ht by the American Plannin~ Association Web.taster(s) Page http://www.planning.org/govt/childcr.htm 7/14/98