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HomeMy WebLinkAbout6.3 Climate Action Plan Neg Dec~~~.1 OF DpB~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~j 2 ~ `~4LIFOR~l / DATE: TO: FROM: SUBJECT: STAFFREPORT CITY CLERK DUBLIN CITY COUNCIL File # ^~D~j]_ ~, ~ November 16, 2010 Honorable Mayor and City Counciimembers _ Joni Pattillo, City Manager ~__-~ PUBLIC HEARING - City of Dublin Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration Report prepared by Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The proposed City of Dublin Climate Action Plan (CAP) provides policies and measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City. The goal of the CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020. The CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. The various GHG reduction measures are organized into three broad categories, which include: 1) transportation and land use measures; 2) energy measures; and 3) solid waste and recycling measures. The City expects to reduce GHG emissions through a combination of reduction measures that are included in the CAP. These include measures that are under the City's control and State initiatives aimed at reducing GHG emissions. FINANCIAL IMPACT: This project poses no financial impact to the City. RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends that the City Council: 1) Receive Staff presentation; 2) Open the Public Hearing; 3) Take testimony from the Applicant and the public; 4) Close the public hearing and deliberate; 5) Adopt -Re-s~tpti opting a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan; an ~_,Adcap~-a Resoluti n adopting the City of~rjblin Cli~ate Action Plan. Submitt~d By: Review d B: Senior Administrative Analyst Assistant City nager ITEM NO.: ~ • ~ Page 1 of 9 G:IPA#120101Dublin Climate Action Plan & Neg DecICC Meeting 11.16.101CCSR CAP 11.16.10 1st reading.doc DESCRIPTION: Background State. National and International In 1997, 10,000 international delegates, observers and journalists gathered in Kyoto, Japan, to participate in the drafting and adoption of the Kyoto Protocol, which requires industrialized nations to reduce their collective greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 5.2% below 1990 levels. As of May 2008, one-hundred-eighty-one (181) countries have ratified the agreement representing over 61 % of the emissions from developed countries. In 2005, cities and counties took the lead at the U.S. Conference of Mayors and developed the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, which urged federal and state governments to enact policies and programs to meet the Kyoto Protocol target. The agreement included a commitment to strive to meet the Kyoto Protocol target by taking local actions, such as conducting a baseline emissions inventory, setting reduction targets, and creating a climate action plan. In September 2006, the State of California enacted Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, which requires California to reduce Statewide GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. AB 32 directed the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and implement regulations that reduce statewide GHG emissions. The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) was approved by ARB in December 2008 and outlined the State's plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. The Scoping Plan contained the primary strategies California would implement to achieve a reduction of 169 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMT COZe), or approximately 30% from the State's projected 2020 emissions level. In the Scoping Plan, the ARB encouraged local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations emissions and to move forward with establishing similar goals for community emissions, which parallel the State's commitment to reduce GHG emissions. However, the specific role local governments would ~ play in meeting the State's AB 32 goals is not established in the Scoping Plan. Ba Area Air Qualit Mana ement District In June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdictional boundaries, which includes the City of Dublin. The BAAQMD has direct and indirect regulatory authority over sources of air pollution in the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin. The overall goal of this effort was to develop CEQA significance criteria to ensure that future development includes appropriate and feasible emission reduction measures to mitigate significant air quality and GHG emissions impacts. The BAAQMD adopted project level thresholds, which include an emission level threshold of 1,100 MT C02e per year and a threshold of 4.6 metric tons of GHG emissions per service population (i.e. residents and employees) per year for individual development projects. For general references, the adopted project threshold (1,100 metric tons of C02e /yr) is equivalent to the approximate amount of GHG emissions that 60 single-family units, or 78 multi-family units, or a supermarket exceeding 8,000 square feet, or an office park exceeding 50,000 square feet would generate. Projects with emissions greater than the adopted threshold (1,100 MT C02e per year or 4.6 metric tons C02e per service population) are required to mitigate to the proposed threshold level or reduce project emissions by an amount deemed feasible by the lead agency. The BAAQMD's 2 of 9 approach is to identify the emissions level for which a project would result in a less than significant impact under CEQA and would not be expected to substantially conflict with existing California legislation adopted to reduce Statewide GHG emissions. If a project were to generate GHG emissions above the threshold level established by the BAAQMD, it would be considered as contributing substantially to the cumulative impact of GHG emissions within the community and would be considered a significant impact under CEQA. Alternatively, a city may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, or Climate Action Plan (CAP) that furthers AB 32 goals. The BAAQMD encourages such planning efforts and recognizes that careful early planning by local agencies is invaluable to achieving the State's GHG reduction goals. If a project is consistent with a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, which addresses the project's GHG emissions, the Strategy can be used as the basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on the community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA. CEQA contains standards for GHG Reduction Strategies that can be used in the cumulative impacts analysis for projects covered under the Plan (CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5). The BAAQMD recognizes these CEQA standards as meeting the District's standards for a Reduction Strategy. The BAAQMD CEQA Thresholds contain some standards in addition to those under CEQA. The proposed City of Dublin CAP has been developed to meet both the CEQA and BAAQMD standards for a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy. City of Dublin On July 17, 2007, the City Council adopted Resolution 139-07 approving participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions (Attachment 1). Alameda County Climate Protection Project (ACCPP) was launched by ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability in partnership with StopWaste.Org and the Alameda County Conference of Mayors. In committing to this project, the jurisdictions within Alameda County embarked on an on-going, coordinated effort to reduce emissions, improve air quality, reduce waste and cut energy use. In doing so, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's 5-milestone methodology for reducing GHG emissions, which include: Milestone 1: Conduct a baseline emissions inventory and forecast; Milestone 2: Adopt an emissions reduction target; Milestone 3: Develop a Climate Action Plan for reducing emissions; Milestone 4: Implement policies and measures to reduce emissions; and Milestone 5: Monitor and verify results. The City completed the first milestone in 2008. The second and third milestones are the subject of this agenda item. The creation of a CAP is included as a high priority goal (I-F-14) within the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals & Objectives Program. In March 2010, the Dublin City Council authorized the City Manager to execute a Consulting Services Agreement between the City of Dublin and AECOM to assist the City in the preparation of the proposed CAP. AECOM calculated the GHG emissions reductions to be achieved by implementation of the measures in the CAP and State initiatives that would mitigate GHG emissions within the community. AECOM also peer reviewed the City of Dublin's CAP for technical accuracy. 3 of 9 ANALYSIS: The proposed CAP (Exhibit A of Attachment 2) provides policies and measures aimed at reducing GHG emissions within the City to further the goals of AB 32. The goal of the CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emissions emitted during 2020 by said year. The City anticipates that the GHG reduction goal wilt be achieved through a combination of efforts at the local and State levels. The reduction measures included within the proposed CAP, which contribute to the City's reduction goal, include locally-focused activities as well as State initiatives under ARB's Scoping Plan. A program or project would be considered consistent with the CAP if it substantially complies with the applicable measures set forth within the CAP and does not obstruct the attainment of the estimated GHG emissions reductions. A Resolution adopting the CAP is included as Attachment 2. Emission Inventorv, Baseline and Proiections The CAP (Chapter II, "Emissions Inventory") presents a GHG emissions inventory for 2005, which includes an inventory of both community level and municipal level emissions. The community-level-emissions inventory includes sources of GHG emissions emitted from the residential, commercial/industrial, transportation and waste sectors. The municipal-level- emissions inventory includes those sources that fall under the direct jurisdictional control of the City of Dublin, which includes City facilities, the City's vehicle fleet, public lighting, municipal water consumption and municipal solid waste generation. The emissions inventory was developed by the City in collaboration with ICLEI. Total community-wide emissions were determined to be 357,211 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005 (refer to Table 1 below). Government-related emissions were estimated to be 1,573 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005 (refer to Table 2 below). ~ Table 1 Communitv Grpanhnuco rac F..,~~~;.,.,~ h~~ ce..s.,.- /AilT !`!1 ,.~ 2005 Community Emissions b Sector MT COZe - -- Percent of Total COZe --- ,---- --<- Energy Equivalent (MMBtu) Residential 51,154 14.3% 886,617 Commercial/lndustrial 60,183 16.8% 986,302 Local Roads 49,670 13.9% 670,383 State Highways 183,714 51.4% 2,479,544 Waste 12,490 3.5% 0 TOTAL 357,211 100% 5,022,846 Table 2- rnvarnmpnt (~N~: Fm:c~:.,.,~ ~,., c.,..s,,.- 2005 Government Emissions MT COze Percentage of Total COZe Energy Equivalent (MMBtu) Buildings 770 49.0% 12,787 Vehicle Fleet 286 18.2% 3,681 Public Lighting 484 30.8% 7,377 Water 22 1.4% 335 Solid Waste 11 0.7% 0 TOTAL 1,573 100% 24,180 4 of 9 Chapter III of the CAP, "Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions," includes projections of emissions in 2020. ICLEI conducted an emission forecast for the year 2020 based on projected trends in energy use, driving habits, job and population growth from the baseline year (2005) through 2020. The inflation factors were determined using the Association of Bay Area Government's 2009 projections for growth within the City of Dublin. Under a business-as-usual scenario, it is estimated that the City of Dublin's emissions will grow from the baseline year of 2005 to the forecast year of 2020 by approximately 31.9% from 357,211 to 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (refer to Table 3 below). Table 3- Communitv GrPanhnnca ~;ac F..,:~~;.,.,~ (~rnuifh Drninrti~nc hv C~i.b.r Community Emissions Growth Forecast by Sector 2005 MT COZe Emissions 2020 MT COZe Emissions Annual Growth Rate Percent Change (2005 - 2020) Residential 51,154 77,973 2.850% 52.4°/o Commercial/Industrial 60,183 82,043 2.087% 36.3% Transportation 233,384 292,151 1.509% 25.2% Waste 12,490 19,038 2.850% 52.4% TOTAL 357,211 471,205 - 31.9% Dublin's GHG reduction goal is 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emissions emitted during 2020 by said year. This goal will lower the projected GHG emissions in 2020 from 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide to 376,964. While the City expects significant residential, commercial and industrial growth through 2020, the total amount of GHG emissions emitted within the community will not be increasing significantly from 2005 levels even through the City's service population will grow by nearly 50% during the same period (service population is the summation of population and the number of jobs within the City). Further, the City of Dublin's CAP is designed to meet or exceed the goals of AB 32. To delineate the City's commitment to the goals of AB 32, the City's CAP employs BAAQMD's GHG efficiency based metric for Climate Action Plans of 6.6 MT C02e per service population per year. The City's per capita efficiency metric is 5.88 for 2005 and 4.22 for 2020, which represents a 28% decrease in GHG emissions between the base year and forecast year. The City of Dublin's efficiency metric is well below the established threshold in both the Base Year 2005 and the Forecast Year 2020. Thus, while the City will be growing significantly over the 15-year period covered by the CAP, the City's GHG emissions will be decreasing significantly on a per individual basis, which is not clearly visible when simply inspecting the business-as-usual scenario. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Measures The proposed CAP (Chapter V: Emissions Reduction Measures & Policies) identifies a variety of measures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. The inclusion of quantifiable GHG reduction measures is the primary focus of the proposed CAP. The anticipated emissions reduction of each individual measure is used to contribute to the overall GHG reduction goal. Measures that would aid in reducing GHG emissions, but which are not quantified, are also included in the proposed CAP. While these measures do not mathematically contribute to the City reduction target, they ultimately will result in GHG reductions beyond those included in the reductions calculation. That is, they will reduce emissions, but the reduction is not being measured at this time. The various GHG reduction measures are organized into three 5 of 9 categories: 1) transportation and land use; 2) energy; and 3) solid waste management and recycling. These categories follow the major sources of emissions found in the City of Dublin 2005 GHG emissions inventory. Results of Imqlementation Implementation of the City-controlled measures in the CAP would result in annual community- wide GHG emissions reductions of 46,737 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (a 9.92% total reduction per year relative to 2020). A list of the local measures that are under the City's control can be found in Table 12 of the CAP (Exhibit A of Attachment 2). The City-controlled measures include transportation and land use measures, energy measures and solid waste and recycling measures. The Municipal Operations Measures and Public Outreach Programs are also included as part of the City-controlled measures. Additionally, implementation of statewide initiatives (AB 1493 and Renewable Portfolio Standard) would result in annual GHG emissions reductions of an additional 52,263 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (11.09% total reduction per year relative to 2020). AB 1493 requires the Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and adopt regulations to reduce GHG emissions from vehicles primarily used for noncommercial transportation. In 2004, the ARB approved amendments to California's existing standards for motor vehicles to meet the requirements of AB 1493. These amendments required automobile manufacturers to meet fleet- average GHG emission limits for all passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicle weight classes, beginning in 2009. Senate Bill 1078 established the Renewable Portfolio Standard. The Renewable Portfolio Standard requires the increased production of energy from renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass and geothermal. The Renewable Portfolio Standard requires electricity providers to increase purchases of renewable energy sources by 1% per year until they have attained a portfolio of 20% renewable sources. Executive Order S-14-08, which was signed by the Governor in 2008, expands California's Renewable Energy Standard to 33% renewable power by 2020. The community-wide measures, combined with the statewide initiatives, would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 metric tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent and would achieve the City's reduction goal of reducing GHG emission by 20% below the Business-As-Usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: The overall purpose of the proposed CAP is to reduce GHG emissions and the impacts that these emissions will have on the community and the global environment, and therefore, is a project designed to benefit the environment. As a result, it may not constitute a"projecY' under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), or it may qualify for an exemption under CEQA. However, as with a proposat involving activities relating to development, implementation of the proposed CAP could potentially result in adverse impacts on the physical environment. Therefore, an Initial Study was prepared by the City pursuant to CEQA to evaluate whether there are any potentially adverse environmental impacts of implementing the CAP. The Initial Study/Negative Declaration was circulated for public review from July 7, 2010 to August 5, 2010 (Exhibit A of Attachment 3). During the public review period, the City received 6 comment letters (Exhibit B of Attachment 3), which include the following: 6 of 9 • County of Alameda Public Works Agency, dated July 27, 2010 • City of Dublin Parks & Community Services Department, dated August 4, 2010 • Dublin San Ramon Services District, dated August 4, 2010 • Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), dated August 5, 2010 • City of Dublin Police Services • Alameda County Fire Prevention Bureau The letter from the BAAQMD was the only letter that raised concerns. The City of Dublin worked cooperatively with the BAAQMD and made minor modifications to the CAP to address the concerns outlined in the BAAQMD letter. One of the changes that the City made to the CAP was the inclusion of the BAAQMD's GHG significance threshold for CAPs which is an efficiency based metric of 6.6 MT COze per service population per year. The CAP results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT COze per service population per year in 2020, which is 36% below the threshold established by the BAAQMD. It also represents a 28% decrease in GHG emissions between the base year and forecast year. Additionally, the City used ABAG's 2009 projections to determine the forecast for 2020 instead of the 2005 projections. The City also changed the multiplier used to determine the emission reductions anticipated from AB 1493 from 15.76°/o to 12.2%, which resulted in a decrease of anticipated emission reductions from AB 1493. This change was made based on updated information from the Air Resources Board. This change in the projected reductions from statewide measures is largely the basis for the change in the reduction target to 20%. The level of reduction from Citywide measures remains in the same (9.92%) and the City did not make any changes to any of the Citywide reduction measures in the CAP. The City received a subsequent letter from the BAAQMD dated October 26, 2010 (Exhibit B of Attachment 3). The follow-up letter from the Air District highlights the issues outlined in their original letter that have since been resolved and/or clarified. In their October 26, 2010 letter, the Air District notes that: While it appears that the City may be able to meet the District's plan-level threshold of significance (6.6 tons per service population) with just [its] existing measures, it is not clear that this is the case when the emissions from the Downtown Dublin Specific Plan are accounted for in the City's' GHG emissions inventory. The City of Dublin's efficiency metric is well below the 6.6 MT COze per service population threshold for the forecast year of 2020 (4.2 tons per service population). Therefore, while the citywide emissions may increase due to adoption and implementation of the Downtown Dublin Specific Plan, it is unlikely that those increased emissions will result in the City's CAP exceeding the 6.6 tons per service population. As the City is committed to monitoring the progress and results of the CAP, the effects of the Downtown Dublin Specific Plan will be known as part of the City's future CAP updates. The environmental analysis of the proposed CAP focused solely on the new policies and changes in existing policies that will be implemented as a result of the proposed CAP. It did not analyze the impacts of existing programs included in the proposed CAP, which have already undergone their own environmental review. In particular, the proposed CAP will not result in any change in land use designations or permit greater intensity of development than already allowed 7 of 9 under the existing City General Plan, Specific Plans and zoning. The environmental impacts from these types of activities are already addressed by the CEQA review adopted by the City relating to these actions. CEQA allows cities to develop CAPs or GHG reduction plans to provide programmatic analysis of the cumulative impacts of GHG emissions for future projects in the City. CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5 authorizes the use of these Plans for the analysis of the cumulative impacts of projects consistent with the Plan. The BAAQMD adopted CEQA Guidelines and Significance Thresholds for GHG emissions also authorize the use of these Plans for CEQA review of future projects. The proposed CAP serves as the City's qualified GHG Reduction Plan and programmatic tiering document for the purposes of CEQA for analysis of impacts of GHG emissions and climate change. The City has determined that the reduction target under the Plan will reduce the impact from activities under the Plan to a less than significant level under CEQA (i.e., the project will not make a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative impact). Therefore, the CAP may be used for the cumulative impact analysis for future projects and development in the City covered by the Plan. As such, it satisfies CEQA review requirements for all applicable projects within the City. If a proposed project is consistent with the applicable emissions reduction measures identified in the proposed CAP, the project would be considered to have a less than significant impact (i.e., less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant cumulative impact) due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change consistent with Public Resources Code 21083.3, CEQA Guidelines Sections 15183.5, 15064 and 15130, and BAAQMD adopted CEQA Guidelines and GHG Significance Thresholds. A Resolution adopting a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin CAP is included as Attachment 3. PLANNING COMISSION ACTION On October 26, 2010, the Planning Commission held a public hearir~g to review the proposed CAP and draft Negative Declaration. The Planning Commission Staff Report is included as Attachment 4 and the draft minutes of the Planning Commission meeting are included as Attachment 5. The Planning Commission deliberated and approved the followings resolution by a 4-0-1 vote: • Resolution 10-50, recommending City Council adoption of a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan (Attachment 6). • Resolution 10-51 recommending City Council approval of the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan (Attachment 7). NOTICING REQUIREMENTS/PUBLIC OUTREACH: A Public Notice was mailed to interested parties, including surrounding jurisdictions and various state and regional agencies. Additionally, the Public Notice was published in the Valley Times and posted at several locations throughout the City. 8 of 9 ATTACHMENTS: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Resolution 139-07 (Alameda County Climate Projection Project). Resolution adopting the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan with the Climate Action Plan attached as Exhibit A. Resolution adopting a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan, with the Initial Study/Negative Declaration attached as Exhibit A and the comment letters attached as Exhibit B. October 26, 2010 Planning Commission Staff Report (without attachments). Draft Planning Commission meeting minutes, October 26, 2010. Planning Commission Resolution 10-50 recommending City Council adoption of a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan. Planning Commission Resolution 10-51 recommending City Council approval of the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan. 9 of9 f~ i~ ~ RESOLUTION NO. 139 - 07 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN ~,~*~~~~~~ APPROVING PARTICIPATION IN THE CLIMATE PROTECTION PROJECT FOR ALAMEDA COUNTY JURISDICTIONS VV~iEREAS, local government actions taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to increase energy efficiency provide multiple local benefits; and WHEREAS, partnerships with surrounding communities and agencies can have a positive impact on the environment; and WHEREAS, Stopwaste.org is allowing Alameda County jurisdictions to use funding from their Waste Mitigation Fund to pay for the development of greenhouse gas emissions inventories and Local Climate Action Plans as part of the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Ciry Council of the City of Dublin does hereby approve participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City of Dublin will allow ICLEI to conduct a.n environmental project that will include: l. A local emission's inventory and forecast to determine the source and quantity of emissions in the jurisdiction. 2. The establishment of an emissions reduction target. 3. An action plan with both existing and future actions capable of ineeting the local emissions reduction target. 4. The consideration of the implementa.tion of appropriate and achievable components of the action plan. 5. The consideration of monitoring and reporting progress upon implementation. PASSED, APpROVED AND ADOPTED this 17~' day of July, 2007. AYES: NOES: AB SENT: ABSTAIN: ATTEST: Int i G: CC-MTGS/7-17-07/1 Councilmembers Hildenbrand, Oravetz, Sbranti, Scholz and Mayor Lockhart None None None 139 Climate Protection ICLEI (Item 83) (~. 3 ~ 1- ~ ~- ~~ `~ b~) I C ~ RESOLUTION NO. XX-10 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN ADOPTING THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals and Objectives includes as a high priority goal, the creation of a Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, on July 17, 2007, the Dublin City Council passed Resolution 139-07 approving participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's five milestone methodology for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City, which includes the development of a Climate Action Plan for reducing GHG emissions; and WHEREAS, in June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdiction, which included an emission level threshold and an efficiency threshold for GHG emissions for development projects; and WHEREAS, alternatively, under CEQA and the BAAQMD CEQA thresholds, a City may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan to evaluate a community's cumulative impact due to GHG emissions from future planned development; and WHEREAS, if a project is consistent with an adopted, qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan, the Strategy/Plan can be used as a basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on a community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has contracted with AECOM to assist Staff in preparing the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Draft Climate Action Plan does the following: o Provides background on actions taken to curb GHG emissions; o Presents Dublin's baseline GHG emissions inventory in 2005 and forecast for GHG emissions in 2020 based on business-as-usual scenario; o Establishes a GHG emission reduction target of 20% from the 2020 GHG emissions forecast which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020; o Sets forth GHG emission reduction policies and measures for transportation/land use, energy, and solid waste and recycling that Dublin will implement or is already implementing to achieve the reduction target; AT'I'ACHMENT 2 ~ ~~ i ~ ~ o Presents steps for implementation, monitoring and verification of the Plan to achieve the designated emission reduction target; and WHEREAS, the reduction measures within the Draft Climate Action Plan are grouped into the following seven categories: 1. Communitywide Transportation and Land Use Measures; 2. Communitywide Energy Measures; 3. Communitywide Solid Waste and Recycling Measures; 4. Municipal Transportation and Land Use Measures; 5. Municipal Energy Measures; 6. Municipal Solid Waste and Recycling Measures; and 7. Public Outreach Programs. WHEREAS, the Draft CAP community-wide measures combined with the Statewide initiatives would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 metric tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent and would achieve the City's reduction goal of reducing GHG emissions by 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020; and WHEREAS, in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act certain projects are required to be reviewed for environmental impacts and when applicable, environmental documents prepared; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a properly noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and related Negative Declaration on October 26, 2010 and adopted Resolution 10-50 recommending that the City Council adopt the Negative Declaration and Resolution 10-51 recommending that the City Council adopt the Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Council held a property noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and related Negative Declaration on November 16, 2010; and WHEREAS, a Staff Report was submitted recommending that the City Council adopt a Resolution approving the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Council did review and consider the Negative Declaration and the Draft Climate Action Plan, all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth prior to making its decision on the Draft Climate Action Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the foregoing recitals are true and correct and made a part of this Resolution. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City of Dublin City Council does hereby approve and adopt the Climate Action Plan, attached as Exhibit A. 2 of 3 ~b~l~~ PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 16th day of November 2010 by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: ATTEST: City Clerk Mayor G.~IPA#120101Dublin C/imnteAction Plan & Neg DecICCMeeting IIJ6JOICCReso CAP.doc 3 of 3 1~ City of Dublin Climate Action Plan .~ O~ DU~ ~~ ~f ~ ~ ~ lll ~ 111 19 ,,, ~' ~- -,~i 8'2 I ~- Cy~~ ~~,~ I.~O~- October 2010 ~`i~d hi = ~ ~~ ~ 1 °t `~ - ~ ~~. - ~ '1 ~ }'* r.,ti ~ ~y ~ _--.~ j ~ r f i f ~ A r ,~ r ..~~, '~.p~~~i ,. . ._ . ~~ ~ ~~~ ~z ~4/ ~~. ~y~ _ ~ ~ - ~~y y-/,t't/` .: s ~~r w J ' ....~ ~ 1 ~y~' ~ ~ _ ,k."'y ~ " ~~" ~# Ql ~'r«`+~ ~ ~ ^9~,. ~~ ~ ~` - ~\\\'u~~!!~ ~' 1 E '~ ~ ~ V~~,~.:~,i'I~liIT~J~,9, > >, ~ ,r ~ ~~~ ` - t a ~~_ '-~ a` ~e ( -~ , t ~ ~~ - - r ~ = i I _~, ~' ~.:' g ~_~_~ 1 ~~"4"~'.:~ ~ ~ . I ' ~ f ~•,, ;y.` ~~~~e ~ _ _ ~F ~i ~>> y~ 6 3`i J~` ~ , -S }~~ ~ ~ . ,~: ` ~~ ~e ~.~y^ - 1K~. ~ ~ L., ""-' ) 3r , ,Y . ~ ~ -,:~..,-...r,:- $ ,~' ~ ~. ~_ (,; ~ _~ ' . ~~ T ,. f ~ ' '- ~ ~ , {{„ , . ~'~ ~ q'~~l ~ F , _ ~ y __. ~ : EXHIBIT A TO ATTACHMF.NT 2 Letter from the Mayor The Dublin City Council has adopted the following Mission Statement: "The City of Dublin promotes and supports a high qualiry of life which ensures a safe and secure environment that fosters new opportunities. " It is with this mission in mind that I present to you our Clirnate Action Plan. Over the past several years, the City has worked diligently to ensure a high qualiry of life for its residents by enacting sound and effective environmental programs. In fact, the City's many environmental goals have established it as a leader in environmental stewaYdship. This document codifies much of the City's environmental work and provides an overarching plan for further protecting our community and maintaining our goal of a high quality of life for our residents and businesses. The City of Dublin has put considerable effort into the creation of a more sustainable environment to protect its current and futuYe generations. As a Yesult, the City has developed, implemented, and is actively monitoring progYams that manage its natural resources and eliminate waste. Specifically, the City has placed significant emphasis on promoting conservation efforts and establishing renewable energy sources. In addition, the City plays a primary role in adfninistering and enforcing many environmental laws that protect our community. By way of example, in the last five to 10 years, the City has built facilities with more energy efficient and green building principles; legislated transit-oriented, high-density and mixed use developments to minimize the need for automotive travel; improved bicycle pathways; enhanced our recycling and organics collection programs; installed more energy efficient lighting; and convened a City Council-initiated GYeen Initiatives Taskforce, which engaged community stakeholders in the process of developing impoYtant environmental objectives. The City of Dublin has been, and will continue to be, at the forefront of the environmental movement. YVhile this Climate Action Plan will primarily serve the community as a gYeenhouse gas reduction strategy, the plan is also an invitation for the community to join with us in continuing to improve the quality of life for everyone who works, stays or plays in Dublin. While the City can do many things, it is also up to you, the citizens, students, organizations and businesses of this gYeat community to take the initiative to do more in your daily lives. By doing simple things such as reducing your eneYgy consumption, increasing your recycling, increasing your use of alternative transportation, and buying local, you can and will play a large Yole in making Dublin a better, more sustainable city. Remember every contribution helps no matter the size, so please join us in these efforts. Thank you for your interest and participation! Sincerely, ~,~.~. Tim SbYanti, Mayor City of Dublin Acknowled~ements City Council Tim Sbranti, Mayar Kasie Hildenbrand, Vice Mayor Don Biddle, Councilmember Kevin Hart, Councilmember Kate Ann Scholz, Councilmember City Staff - Key Supporting Joni Pattillo, City Manager Chris Foss, Assistant City Manager Jeri Ram, Community Development Director Jeff Baker, Planning Manager Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist Jordan Figueiredo, Environmental Technician John Bakker, City Attorney Tim Cremin, City Attorney's Office City Staff - Lead and Contact for the Plan Roger Bradley, Senior Administrative Analyst AECOM Claire Bonham-Carter, Principal in Charge Jeff Henderson, Project Manager Heather Phillips, Former Senior Air Quality and Climate Change Specialist Christy Seifert, Technical Editor Alameda County Waste Management Authority (StopWaste.org) Debra Kaufman, Seniar Program Manager Meghan Starkey, Senior Program Manager PG&E Jasmin Ansar Xantha Bruso, Climate Protection Policy Specialist Lynne Galal, Senior Project Manager Greg San Martin, Climate Protection Program Manager Jenna Olsen Bay Area Air Quality Management District Amir Fanai, Principal Air Quality Engineer Metropolitan Transportation Commission Harold Brazil, Air Quality Associate ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability Gary Cook, California Director Alden Feldon, Regional Program Manager Brooke Lee, Program Officer Jonathan Strunin, Program Officer Wesley Look, Program Associate City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 3 Jonathan Knauer, Program Associate Alison Culpen, Program Associate Ayrin Zahner, Former Program Associate Jennifer Holzer, Former Program Associate Palak Joshi, Former Program Associate The inventory was prepared by Ayrin Zahner, Jonathan Strunin and Alison Culpen at ICLEI- Local Governments for Sustainability U.S.A. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 4 City of Dublin Climate Action Plan Table of Contents Background: The Alameda County Climate Protection Project Executive Summary I. Introduction A. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Action II. Emissions Inventory A. Reasoning, Methodology, & Model l. ICLEPs Emissions Analysis Software 2. Inventory Data Sources and Creation Process B. Inventory Results l. Community Emissions Inventory 2. Municipal Emissions Inventory III. Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions IV. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Target V. Emissions Reduction Measures & Policies A. Communitywide Measures 1. Transportation and Land Use Measures 2. Energy Measures 3. Solid Waste and Recycling Measures B. Municipal Operations Measures 1. Transportation and Land Use Measures 2. Energy Measures 3. Solid Waste and Recycling Measures C. Public Outreach Programs VI. Measures Implemented by the State A. State Climate Change Planning B. Energy C. Transportation and Land Use VII. Summary of Emission Reductions VIII. Implementation, Monitoring & Future Review A. Implementation B. Monitoring C. Periodic Review D. Point of Contact IX. Relationship to the California Environmental Quality Act Appendices City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 5 Background: The Alameda County Climate Protection Project To date, all 14 cities in Alameda County, California, are members of ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability (ICLEI) and are participating in the Alameda County Climate Protection Project (ACCPP). The participating jurisdictions include: Alameda Dublin Livermore Pleasanton Alameda County Emeryville Newark San Leandro Albany Fremont Oakland Union City Berkeley Hayward Piedmont The ACCPP was launched by ICLEI in partnership with the Alameda County Waste Management Authority & Recycling Board (StopWaste.Org) and the Alameda County Conference of Mayors. In committing to the project, these jurisdictions embarked on an ongoing, coordinated effort to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improve air quality, reduce waste, cut energy use, and save money. Toward that end, ICLEI and StopWaste.Org assisted each participating jurisdiction to conduct a baseline inventory of GHG emissions, set a target for reducing community-wide emissions, and develop a climate action plan (CAP) that consists of policies and measures that, when implemented, will enable each jurisdiction to meet its target. About Alameda County Alameda County is a metropolitan region of the San Francisco Bay Area. The U.S. Census Bureau's Population Division estimates the county's population at 1.45 million (2005), the 7th most populous county in California. Like other metropolitan areas, inhabitants of the county and the cities therein contribute to the problem of excess GHGs, while also holding immense potential to contribute to the solution. The energy consumed and the waste produced within the county's boundaries result in thousands of tons of heat-trapping GHG emissions, but, as is evidenced by the widespread municipal involvement in the ACCPP, local government participants are firmly committed to building on existing efforts to reduce these emissions. The first step in managing GHG emissions is to establish an inventory of those emissions. Below is a chart of global GHG emissions, which includes the amount of inetric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MT COze) that is generated worldwide, within the United States, the State of California, and in Alameda County. For context, California is the 16`~ largest emitter in the world-if it were considered a country of its own-second only to Texas in the U.S. Per capita emissions in California, however, are among the lowest in the U.S. Further, emissions in Alameda County are less than the California average. About the City of Dublin The City of Dublin consists of approximately 14.9 square miles of land area lying in eastern Alameda County, also known as the Livermore-Amador Valley, or the Tri-Valley area. Surrounding jurisdictions inclLlde the City of San Ramon and unincorparated Contra Costa County to the north, unincorporated Alameda County to the east and west and Cities of Pleasanton and Livermore to the south. Major features in the community include the Interstate 580 freeway, which forms the southern boundary of Dublin and the Interstate 680 freeway which extends in a north-south direction just east of downtown Dublin. The City is also served by the Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART), with an existing Dublin/Pleasanton Station and a West Dublin Station currently under construction and anticipated to be completed in 2011. Topographically, the community is generally flat north of the Interstate 580 corridor, transitioning to rolling hillsides in the northern and western portions of Dublin. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 6 Dublin's major land uses include the older commercial downtown area north of the Interstate 580 freeway, generally located between San Ramon Road and Village Parkway. Uses surrounding the downtown area are comprised primarily of low density, single-family dwellings. Parks Reserve Forces Training Area (RFTA, also known as Camp Parks) is located in the approximate center of Dublin and is used for military training purposes. The newest portion of Dublin is Eastern Dublin, consisting of approximately 4,200 acres of land located east of Parks RFTA, north of Interstate 580, south of the Alameda County-Contra Costa County line and west of the unincorporated Doolan Canyon area. Eastern Dublin has been urbanizing since adoption of the Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan in 1993. The area now contains a mix of single-family dwellings, multiple-family dwellings, and commercial and government facility land uses. Completion of the Dublin/Pleasanton BART Station has facilitated development of high-density housing complexes in this portion of Dublin. About the Sponsor: StopWaste.Org The Alameda County Climate Protection Project was financially sponsored by StopWaste.Org in an effort to support its member agencies in building a region that is continually progressing toward environmentally and economically sound resource management. StopWaste.Org is a public agency formed in 1976 by a Joint Exercise of Powers Agreement between Alameda County (County), each of the 14 cities within the county, and two sanitary districts. The agency serves as the Alameda County Waste Management Authority and the Alameda County Source Reduction and Recycling Board. In this dual role, StopWaste.Org is responsible for the preparation and implementation of the County Integrated Waste Management Plan and Hazardous Waste Management Plan and the delivery of voter-approved programs supporting waste reduction, recycled product procurement, market development, and grants to nonprofit organizations to help the County achieve its 75% waste diversion goal. Key program areas in which StopWaste.Org provides technical and financial assistance to its member agencies include: • business recycling and waste prevention services through the StopWaste Partnership; • organics programs, including residential and commercial food waste collection and the promotion of Bay-Friendly Landscaping and gardening; • green building and construction and demolition debris recycling; • market development; and • education and outreach, including recycling at schools. As is demonstrated in this document, many of StopWaste.Org's program areas dovetail nicely with municipal efforts to reduce GHG emissions. While the agency's charge to reduce the waste stream in Alameda Co~mty may seem external to traditional emissions reduction strategies, it is working closely with ICLEI in an ongoing way to illustrate the emissions benefits of waste reduction and recycling. StopWaste.Org and ICLEI have compiled results in this report that show how practices such as residential and commercial recycling and composting, buying recycled products, green building, and Bay-Friendly Landscaping play important roles in a local government's strategy for mitigating emissions. GHG mitigation can be seen as an umbrella under which the agency's programs play a substantial role. ~ About ICLEI and the Cities for Climate Protection Campaign ~ICLEi's mission is to improve the global environment through local action. Cities for Climate Protection° (CCP), ICLEI's flagship campaign, is designed to educate and empower local governments worldwide to take action on climate change. ICLEI provides resources, tools, and technical assistance to help local governments measure and reduce GHG emissions in their communities and their internal municipal operations. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan '7 ICLEI's CCP campaign was launched in 1993 when municipal leaders, invited by ICLEI, met at the United Nations in New York and adopted a declaration calling for establishment of a worldwide movement of local governments to reduce GHG emissions, improve air quality, and enhance urban sustainability. The CCP campaign achieves these results by linking GHG mitigation with actions that improve local air quality, reduce local government operating costs, and improve quality of life by addressing other local concerns. The CCP campaign seeks to achieve significant reductions in U.S. GHG emissions by assisting local governments in taking action to reduce emissions and realize multiple benefits for their communities. ICLEI uses the performance-oriented framework and methodology of the CCP campaign's five milestones to assist U.S. local governments in developing and implementing harmonized local approaches to reduce the effects of GHGs and air pollution emissions, with the additional benefit of improving community livability. The milestone process consists of: • Milestone 1: Conduct a baseline emissions inventory and forecast. • Milestone 2: Adopt an emissions reduction target. • Milestone 3: Develop a CAP to reduce emissions. • Milestone 4: Implement policies and measures. • Milestone 5: Monitor and verify results. Table 1- World Greenhouse Gas Emissions Scenarios Percent of world Percent Percent of GHGs GHG of U.S. California Locations MT C02e/yr Emissions Emissions Emissions World (2000) 37,151,615,800 100.0% United States 7,572,613,400 20.4% 100% (2000) California (2004) 597,486,768 1.6% 7.9% 100.0% ACCPP Region 6,292,853 0.083% 1.105% ~~~~~~ 1,2,3 ACCPP 88,746 0.015% Governments (2005) Notes: ACCPP ° Alameda County Climate Protection Project; GHG -- greenhouse gas, MT COze = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions Source: (2000) World and United States emissions from World Resources Institute - Climate Analysis Indicators tool (http://cait.wri.or~/). (2004) California emissions from California Energy Commission (http://www.ener~y•ca•~ov/2006publications/CEC-600-2006-013/CEC-600-2006-013-SF.PDF). Figures exclude land use related emissions. ~ Data includes the first 10 cities that joined the ACCPP (Alameda City, Albany, Berkeley, Emeryville, Hayward, Newark, Oakland, Piedmont, San Leandro, and Union Cityl. ~ The baseline year is 2005 for all cities, except for Albany and Emeryville, which inventoried 2004 emissions. ~ GHG emissions for ACCPP cities are based on ICLEI GHG Emission~ Protocol for Local Governments, which includes end-use energy, transportation, and waste sector within city boundaries. World and United States emissions are based on national GHG inventories, which additionally include fugitive emissions, industrial process emissions, and other modes of transportation. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan Fast Facts 2000 worldwide per capita GHG emissions (tons COZe) 2004 U.S. per capita GHG emissions (tons COZe) 2004 California per capita GHG emissions (tons COze) Source: 2004, U.S.A. GHG Emissions from EPA (http://www.epa.gov/climatechan~e/emissions/downloads06/06ES.pd~ 1 metric ton (MT) equals 1.102 short tons. Alameda Countv Fast Facts Population (2005): 1.45 million Number of Autos (2000): 4.5 million Annual Electricity Usage per Capita (2004): 6,738 kWh Annual Natural Gas Usage per Capita (2004): 330 therms Annual Water Usage per Capita (2004): 46,000 gallons Avg. Waste per Person (2004): 1.03 tons Avg. Waste per Business (2004): 35.0 tons Avg. Waste Diversion Rate (2004): 60% Source: StopWaste.org City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 5.51 MT COZe 25.34 MT COZe 18.73 MT COze 9 Executive Summary The world's population is releasing GHGs as byproducts from combusting fossil fuels, disposing of waste, using energy, and changing land uses and other human activities. Although the United States accounts far only 4% of the world's population, it produces 20.4% of the world's GHG emissions. Within this context, the City of Dublin (City) seeks to be a good environmental steward by curtailing emissions within its jurisdiction. Residents, businesses, and government operations within Dublin released 357,211 MT CO2e in 2005. Under a business-as-usual scenario, these emissions would grow over the next 15 years (by 2020) by approximately 31.9%, from 357,211 MT COZe to 471,205 MT COZe. This growth is attributed to new residential and commercial growth expected over this time period. ~ On July 17, 2007, the City pledged to take action to reduce GHG emissions within the community. The Dublin City Council passed Resolution 139-07, committing Dublin to join other jurisdictions in the ACCPP. In so doing, Dublin committed to ICLEPs five-milestone methodology. The City is committed to reducing community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below business-as- usunl GHGs emissions by 2020. The City expects this reduction target to be achieved through a combination of the reduction measures included in this plan and state initiatives, such as the Renewable Portfolio Standards and Assembly Bill 1493 (Pavley). In addition, the CAP employs the BAAQMD GHG efficiency threshold of 6.6 MT C02e per service population per year as evidence of the City intent to meet the intent of AB 32 to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 level by 2020. The 20% reduction target results in a forecasted efficiency metric of 4.2 MT C02e per service population for the City in 2020, which is 37% below the BAAQMD threshold. Local governments play an integral role in reducing GHG emissions because they have direct or indirect control over many emission sources. The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) adopted by the California Air Resources Control Board (ARB) pursuant to AB 32 states that land use planning and urban growth decisions will play a role in the state's GHG reductions because local governments have primary authority to plan, zone, approve, and permit how land is developed to accommodate population growth. The City of Dublin is currently implementing numerous programs and projects across mLiltiple sectors that are helping to reduce GHG emissions. Although the City has taken significant steps to address climate change, this is the first document that assembles all of the City's climate action efforts into a centralized plan. Strategies to reduce GHG emissions are organized into 34 reduction measures applicable to community or to municipal activities. These measures represent actions to reduce GHG emissions that City government has taken since 2005. While there may be some policies included within the CAP that existed prior to 2005, such policies were only included within the CAP if the impact of the policy did not occur until after 2005. Simply, the City has attempted to prevent any situation where the double counting of a policy's reduction impact might occur. The City is committed to continuing actions to reduce GHG emissions and to supplementing these actions in future years if needed to achieve the reduction target. In addition, these actions will result in many other benefits for the Dublin community such as improved environmental quality and public health and a more sustainable business-friendly environment. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 10 The City of Dublin's Climate Action Plan The City's CAP: • provides background on actions taken to curb GHG emissions; • presents Dublin's baseline GHG emissions inventory in 2005 and forecast for GHG emissions in 2020 based on business-as-usual scenario; • establishes a GHG emissions reduction target of 20% from the 2020 GHG emissions forecast; • outlines GHG emission reduction policies and measures for transportation/land use, energy, and solid waste and recycling that Dublin will implement and/or is already implementing to achieve its reduction target; and • presents steps for implementation of the Plan and monitoring and verification of the Plan to achieve the designated emissions reduction target. This CAP serves as the City of Dublin's qualified GHG Reduction Plan and programmatic tiering document for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) for analysis of impacts of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The City has determined that the reduction target under the Plan will reduce the impact from activities under the Plan to less than significant under CEQA. Therefore, this Plan may be used for the cumulative impact analysis for future development and projects in the City covered by the Plan. If a proposed project is consistent with the applicable emission reduction measures identified in the CAP, the project would be considered to have a less than significant impact (i.e. less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant cumulative impact) due to GHG emissions and climate change consistent with Public Resources Code 21083.3 and CEQA Guidelines Sections 15183.5, 15064 and 15130. Please refer to Chapter IX. Relationship to the California Environmental Quality Act for additional detail. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 11 I. Introduction The following sections describe international, federal, state, and local actions being taken to curb GHG emissions. A. GHG Emission Reduction Action In 1997, ten thousand (10,000) international delegates, observers, and journalists gathered in Kyoto, Japan, to participate in the drafting and adoption of the Kyoto Protocol, which requires industrialized nations to reduce their collective GHG emissions to 5.2% below 1990 levels. As of January 2007, 162 countries have ratified the protocol. Additionally, since 1995 the annual Conference of the Parties (COP) has met to discuss action and implementation to reduce GHG emissions. State Action California has taken significant steps at the state level and has been leading the charge on combating GHG emissions through various pieces of legislation, which include: Senate Bill 1771 Sher, 2000 - Requires the California Energy Commission (CEC) to prepare an inventory of the state's GHG emissions, study data on global climate change, and provide government agencies and businesses with information on the costs and methods for reducing GHGs. Senate Bill (SB) 1771 also established the California Climate ~Action Registry to serve as a certifying agency for companies and local governments to quantify and register their GHG emissions for possible future trading systems. Senate Bill 1078 Sher, 2002 - Established the Renewable Portfolio Standard, which requires electricity providers to increase purchases of renewable energy resources by 1% per year until they have attained a portfolio of 20% renewable resources. Assembly Bill 1493 Pavley, 2002 - Requires the Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and adopt regulations that achieve the maximum feasible reduction of GHGs from vehicles primarily used for noncommercial transportation. To meet the requirements of Assembly Bill (AB) 1493, in 2004, ARB approved amendments to California's existing standards for motor vehicles. These amendments require automobile manufactures to meet fleet-averaged GHG emission limits far all passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicle weight classes, beginning in 2009. Cars sold in California are anticipated to emit an average of 16% less GHGs than current models. Executive Orcler S-3-OS, 2005 - Proclaims that California is vulnerable to the effects of climate change and establishes targets for GHG emissions, which include reducing GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, to 19901evels by 2020, and to 80% below 19901evels by 2050. Assembly Bill 32 Nicnez & Pavley, 2006 - Institutes a mandatory limit on GHG emissions, which is to reduce emissions in California to 1990 levels by the year 2020, or 30% below forecasted levels. The bill also directs ARB to establish a mandatory reporting system to track and monitor emission levels and requires ARB to develop various compliance options and enforcement mechanisms.~ This led to creation of the Climate Change Scoping Plan. Assembly Bill Sll, 2007 - Authorizes all local governments in California to establish special districts that can be used to finance solar or other renewable etiergy improvements to homes and businesses in their jurisdiction. ~ ~ ~ City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 12 Senate Bi1197, 2007- Acknowledges that climate change is a prominent environmental issue that requires analysis under CEQA and directed the Governor's Office of Planning & Research to develop guidelines for mitigating GHG emissions'or the effects of GHG emissions, as required by CEQA. These revisions to the CEQA guidelines took effect in March 2010. Executive Order S-I-07, 2007 - Identifies the transportation sector as the main source of GHG emissions in California, accounting for more than 40% of statewide GHG emissions. This executive order also establishes a goal to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuels sold in California by a minimum of I O% by 2010. Senate Bill 375 Steinberg, 2008 - Aims to reduce GHG emissions by connecting transportation funding to land use planning. SB 375 creates a process by which local governments and other stakeholders work together within their region to achieve reduction of GHG emissions through integrated development patterns, improved transportation planning, and other transportation measures and policies. Executive Order S-13-08, 2008 - Directs the Natural Resources Agency to identify how state agencies can adapt to rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and eatreme natural events. This led to creation of the California Climate Adaptation Strategy. Executive Order S-I4-08, 2008 - Expands California's Renewable Energy Standard to 33% renewable power by 2020. California has led the nation in addressing this global issue with the hope that through collective action at the local level, global changes in the way we use resources and develop as a society will change and ultimately reduce the effects of GHG emissions on the human and natural environment. Local Action ICLEI- Local Governments for Sustainability A great deal of work is being done at the local level on climate change as well. ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability provides national leadership on climate protection and sustainable development and has been a leader both internationally and domestically for more than 10 years. Since its inception in 1990, ICLEI has grown to include over 1,100 cities in the world. ICLE[ was launched in the United States in 1995 and has grown to more than 600 cities and counties. In June 2006, ICLEI launched the California Local Government Climate Task Force as a formal mechanism to provide ongoing input and collaboration in the State of California's climate action process. U.S. Conference of M~yors Climate Protection Agreement ICLEI also works in conjunction with the U.S. Conference of Mayors to track progress and implementation of the U.S. Mayors Climate Protection Agreement, launched in 2005, which more than 376 mayors have sigr-ed to date, pledging to meet or beat the Kyoto Protocol emissions reduction target in their own communities. By 2010, Alameda County mayors from Alameda, Albany, Berkeley, Dublin, Fremont, Hayward, Newark, Oakland, Pleasanton, and San Leandro signed the U.S. Conference of Mayors Climate Protection Agreement. Bay Area Air Quality Management District In June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted CEQA air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdiction. BAAQMD has direct and indirect regulatory authority over sources of air pollution in the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin, of which the City of Dublin is a part. The overall goal of this effort was to develop CEQA significance criteria that ensure that future development implements appropriate and feasible emission reduction measures to mitigate significant air quality and climate change impacts. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 13 BAAQMD has adopted a threshold of 1,100 MT COZe per year or 4.6 metric tons per service population (residents and employees) per year for development projects. The adopted project threshold (1,100 metric tons of C02e/yr) is equivalent to approximately 60 single-family units, 78 multi-family units, a supermarket exceeding 8,000 square feet and an office park exceeding 50,000 square feet. Projects with emissions greater than the adopted threshold would be required to mitigate to the proposed threshold level or reduce project emissions by a percentage deemed feasible by the lead agency. BAAQMD's approach is to identify the emissions level far which a project would result in less than significant impact under CEQA and would not be expected to substantially conflict with existing California legislation adopted to reduce statewide GHG emissions. If a project would generate GHG emissions above the threshold level, it would be considered to contribute substantially to a cumulative impact and would be considered to result in a significant impact under CEQA. Alternatively, a city may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy that furthers AB 32 goals. BAAQMD encourages such planning efforts and recognizes that careful early planning by local agencies is invaluable to achieving the state's GHG reduction goals. If a project is consistent with an adopted qualified GHG Reduction Strategy that addresses the project's GHG emissions, the Strategy/Plan can be used as a basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact (i.e. less than cumulatively considerable contribution) due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change under CEQA. CEQA contains standards for Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plans that can be used in the cumulative impacts analysis far projects covered under the Plan (CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5). BAAQMD recognizes these CEQA standards as meeting the District's standards for a Reduction Strategy. BAAQMD contains some standards in addition to those under CEQA. However, BAAQMD's additional standards are not a legal requirement for CEQA compliance. Nevertheless, the City has developed its CAP to substantially comply with the BAAQMD standards. The CAP has been developed to meet both the CEQA and BAAQMD standards for a qualified GHG Reduction Plan/Strategy. Below is a description of how the CAP substantially complies with these standards: (A) Quantify GHG emissions, both existing and projected over a specified time period, resulting from activities within a defined geographic area. The City of Dublin CAP includes a GHG emissions inventory that quantifies an existing baseline level of emissions for 2005 and projected GHG emissions from a business-as-usual (BAU), no- plan, forecast scenario for 2020 (See Chapter II. Emissions Inventory). The baseline year is based on the existing growth pattern. The projected GHG emissions are based on the emissions from anticipated growth thro~igh 2020. Furthermore: The baseline inventory includes one complete calendar year of data for 2005. COz is inventoried for residential, commercial/industrial, transportation and waste sectars. • Business-as-usual emissions are projected in the absence of policies or actions that would reduce emissions. The forecast includes only adopted and funded projects. The business-as-usual forecast projects emissions from the baseline year using growth factors specific to each of the different economic sectors. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 14 (B) Establish a level, based on substantial evidence, below which the contribution of GHG emissions from activities covered by the plan would not be cumulatively considerable. The City of Dublin CAP proposes a reduction target of 20% below business-as-usual GHGs emissions by 2020. This target will be adopted by resolution, as a component of the CAP. This reduction target establishes a level below which the contribution to GHG emissions by activities covered under the Plan will be less than cumulatively considerable under CEQA standards. The reduction levels also further GHG reductions consistent with State law, including AB 32 and is consistent with levels adopted by other Climate Action or GHG Reduction Plans in the Bay Area. Further, the City's CAP employs BAAQMD's GHG efficiency based metric of 6.6 MT C02e per service population per year as evidence of compliance with the intent of AB 32. As a result of the policies within the CAP and their resultant GHG reductions, the City of Dublin's efficiency metric is well below the established threshold far Forecast Year 2020. The City's efficiency measure for 2020 is projected to be 4.2 MT C02e per service population per year. The baseline efficiency metric for 2005 is 5.9 MT C02e per service population per year. Thus, the City of Dublin's reduction goal from the BAU scenario equates to a 29% decrease in per capita GHG emissions between the Base Year and Forecast Year. This scenario highlights the fact that the City will be growing significantly over the 15-year period of the CAP, but during this same time period, the City's GHG emissions will be decreasing significantly on a per individual basis, which is not clearly visible when simply inspecting the BAU scenario. Thus, even though the City will be growing through 2020, it will be compliant with the intent of AB 32 in reducing GHG to 1990 levels by 2020. (C) Identify and analyze the GHG emissions resulting from specific actions or categories of actions anticipated within the geographic area. The City of Dublin CAP identifies and analyzes GHG reductions from local and state policies and regulations that may be planned or adopted but not implemented to understand the amount of reductions needed to meet its target. The City's CAP identifies and analyzes the effects of statewide GHG emission reductions including those related to implementation of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) and Assembly Bill 1493 fuel efficiency standards (See Chapter VI. Measures Implemented External to the City of Dublin). (D) Specify measures or a group of ineasures, including performance standards that substantial evidence demonstrates, if implemented on a project-by-project basis, would collectively achieve the specified emissions level. The City of Dublin CAP includes mandatory and enforceable measures that affect new development projects. The CAP includes quantification of expected GHG emission reductions from each measure where substantial evidence is available (See Chapter V. Emissions Reduction Measures and Policies, and Chapter VI. Measures Implenaented by the State that Will Reduce Emissions Included in the City of Dublin Inventory), including disclosure of calculation methods and assumptions (See Appendix C. GHG Reduction Calculation Methods and Assumptions). Quantification reflects annual GHG reductions and demonstrates how the GHG reduction target will be met. Together, the proposed CAP measures provide for a reduction of 21.01 % reduction below BAU conditions, which exceeds the target of 20% by 1.01%. The CAP also includes a program for implementation. It identifies which measures apply to different types of new development projects, discerning between voluntary and mandatory measures. It includes a mechanism for reviewing and determining if all applicable mandatory measures are being adequately applied to new development projects as part of the development review process. Identification of implementation steps and parties responsible for ensuring implementation of each action is also included. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 15 (E) Monitor the Plan's Progress. The City of Dublin will monitor results that are achieved by the various CAP programs and policies. Monitoring results is a critical step in verifying that the various policies and programs within the City's CAP are achieving the anticipated GHG emission reductions. The City will review the CAP on an annual basis to verify that the various reduction measures are being implemented appropriately. Additionally, the City will re-inventory its emissions every 5 years. The process of conducting a review will allow the City to demonstrate progress toward local emissions reduction targets and identify opportunities to integrate new or improved measures into the emissions reduction plan, including additional measures if necessary to meet the reduction target. (F) Adopt the GHG Reduction Strategy in a public process following environmental review. The City of Dublin's CAP will be adopted following a public hearing process and preparation of an Initial Study and Negative Declaration pi~rsuant to CEQA. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 16 II. Emissions Inventory A. Reasoning, Methodology, & Model The City of Dublin's emissions inventory was conducted by ICLEI in partnership with City staff. The purpose of the baseline emissions inventory is to determine the level of GHG emissions that the community emitted in its base year, 2005. The baseline inventory was completed in 2008 and approved by the Dublin City Council in October 2008. ICLEPs Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) inventory methodology allows local governments to systematically estimate and track GHG emissions from the following sectors: transportation, residential, commercial/industrial and waste; and included energy- and waste-related activities at the community scale, as well as those resulting directly from municipal operations. The municipal operations inventory is a subset of the community inventory. Once completed, these inventories provide the basis for creating an emissions forecast and reduction target and enable the emissions reductions associated with implemented and proposed measures to be quantified. 1. ICLEI's Emissions Analysis Software To facilitate local government efforts to identify and reduce GHG emissions, ICLEI developed the Clean Air and Climate Protection (CACP) software package with Torrie Smith Associates. This software estimates emissions derived from energy consumption and waste generation within a community. The CACP software determines emissions using specific factors (or coefficients) according to the type of fuel used. Emissions are aggregated and reported in terms of COze. Converting all emissions to COze allows for the consideration of different GHGs in comparable terms. For example, methane is 21 times more powerful than COz in its capacity to trap heat, so the model converts one ton of inethane emissions to 21 tons of COze. The emissions coefficients and methodology employed by the software are consistent with national and international inventory standards established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Revised 1996 IPCC Gatidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories), the Guidelines for Voluntary Greenhouse Gas Reporting and, for emissions generated from solid waste, EPA's Waste Reduction Model (WARM). The CACP software has been and continues to be used by many local governments to reduce their GHG emissions. However, it is worth noting that, although the software provides the City of Dublin with a sophisticated and useful tool, calculating emissions from energy use with precision is difficult. The model depends on numerous assumptions, and it is limited by the quantity and quality of available data. With this in mind, it is useful to think of any specific number generated by the model as an approximation rather than an exact value. 2. Inventory Data Sources and Creation Process An inventory of GHG emissions requires collecting information from a variety of sectors and sources. For community electricity and natural gas data, ICLEI consulted Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E). The Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), BAAQMD, and BART provided transportation data. Solid waste data was gathered from StopWaste.Org; Waste Management, Inc.; Amador Valley Industries; Republic Services, Inc.; and EPA. Dublin staff was instrumental in providing data on municipal operations. This data was entered into the software to create a community emissions inventory and a municipal emissions inventory. The community inventory represents sources from the following sectors: transportation, residential, commercial/industrial and waste; and includes all the energy used and waste produced within Dublin and its contribution to GHG emissions. The municipal City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 1 ~ inventory is a subset of the community inventory and includes emissions derived from internal government operations. Two main reasons exist for completing separate emissions inventories for community and municipal operations. First, the municipal government is committed to action on reducing GHG emissions and has a higher degree of control over reducing its own emissions than those created by the community at large. Second, by proactively reducing emissions generated by its own activities, Dublin's city government takes a visible leadership role. This is important for inspiring local action in Dublin and in other communities. Dublin's inventory is based on the year 2005. When calculating Dublin's emissions inventory, all energy consumed in the community was included. This means that, even though the electricity lised by Dublin's residents is produced elsewhere, this energy and the emissions associated with it appear in Dublin's inventory. B. Inventory Results The results below represent the City of Dublin's completion of the first milestone of ICLEPs CCP campaign. 1. Community Emissions Inventory Numerous items can be included in a community emissions inventory, as described above. This inventory includes sources from the following sectors: • transportat~on, • residential, • commercial/industrial, and • solid waste. Emissions bv Sector Community Greenhouse C~as (GHG) Emissions by Sector (2005) Waste Stat Hig hw 51.4' sidential 14.3% Commercial / Industrial 16.8% Figure 1- Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector The Dublin commtmity emitted approximately 357,211 MT COze in the year 2005. As visible in Figure 1 above and Table 2 below, vehicles on roads and state highways in Dublin are by far the largest source of Dublin's community emissions (653%). Emissions from the built environment (e.g., residential and commercial/industrial sectors) account collectively for almost one-third (31.1%) of community emissions. The rest of Dublin's emissions are from waste sent to landfills (3.5%) by Dublin residents and businesses. Water-related emissions are embedded in the energy data received from PG&E and therefore are a part of the overall community inventory analysis; however, these emissions are not included in the ftnal reduction target analysis as emissions associated with the filtration and movement of water were not included in the City's baseline GHG Inventory as a disaggregated total. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 1 g Local Roads 13.9% Table 2- Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector (MT COZe) Note: MT COze = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; MMBtu = million British thermal units. 2005 Community Emissions b Sector MT COZe Percent of Total COze Energy Equivalent (MMBtu) Residential 51,154 143% 886,617 CommerciaUIndustrial 60,183 16.8% 986,302 Local Roads 49,670 13.9% 670,383 State Hi hwa s 183,714 51.4% 2,479,544 Waste 12,490 3.5% 0 TOTAL 357,211 100% 5,022,846 Transnortation Like most jurisdictions in the San Francisco Bay Area, the majority of Dublin's community emissions are from travel by motorized vehicles. This is also consistent with emission trends across the state, because ARB has shown that passenger vehicles make up the single largest source of emissions in California.4 As Table 2 and Figure 1 show, over three-fifths (65.3%) of Dublin's estimated emissions came from travel on local roads and state highways. Overall, emissions from the transportation sector total 233,384 metric tons COze. Table 3 splits emissions from the transportation sector into travel on local roads and state highways. In 2005, MTC estimated that 90 million vehicle miles traveled (VMT) on roads in the city, emitting approximately 49,670 MT COZe, or 213% of total transportation emissions. The 332 million VMT along state highways in the city accounted for 183,714 MT CO2e, or 78.7°/o of total transportation emissions. VMT data for local roads in 2005 were obtained from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Caltrans compiles and publishes statewide VMT data annually through the Highway Performance Monitoring System.5 Caltrans obtains local road VMT data from regional transportation planning agencies and councils of governments across the state. For the San Francisco Bay Area, Caltrans obtains data from the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC). MTC obtains data on local roads VMT either from the local governments within its jurisdiction or, if those data are unavailable, through a Caltrans model. VMT data for state highways in Alameda County in 2005 were obtained from the same Caltrans report listed above. These data were translated to the jurisdiction level data through a geographic information system (GIS) analysis by 1CLEI using an unpublished Caltrans dataset obtained from MTC. Through-trips were not removed from the analysis. The number of vehicles on the road and the miles those vehicles travel can be reduced by making it easier for residents to use alternative modes of transportation, including walking, bicycling, and riding public transportation, including the existing and future BART stations in the Dublin/Pleasanton area. Please see Appendix A for additional detail regarding methods and emissions factors used to calculate transportation emissions. 4 California State Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory available at http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/data/tables/rpt_Inventory_IPCC_Sum 2007-11-19.pdf s The 2005 report is available at http://www.dotca.gov/hq/tsip/hpms/hpmslibrary/hpmspdf/2005PRD.pdf. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 19 Table 3- Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Road Type Trans ortation Emission Sources 2005 MT COZe Percentage of Total COZe Total Vehicle Miles Traveled Local Roads 49,670 21.3% 89,680,500 State Hi hwa s 183,714 78.7% 331,701,050 TOTAL 233,384 100% 421,381,550 Note: MT COZe = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions. Tlae Built Ertvironment (Residenticzl and CommerciaUlndustrial) In 2005, 31.1% of total community emissions came from the built environment, which consists of the residential and commercial/industrial sectors. Collectively, these sectors consumed about 272.2 million kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity and 9.4 million therms of natural gas, resulting in approximately 111,337 MT CO~e. Dublin receives electricity from PG&E. Appendix A includes the 2005 emissions coefficients for electricity provided by PG&E. The types of power sources that make up a utility's electricity generation mix can affect a community's GHG emissions. A coal-fired power plant, for example, releases l 3 tons of COZe per megawatt-hour of Figure 2- Built Environment Emissions electricity generated versus 0.7 tons for gas turbines and 0 tons for renewable sources such as solar, wind, or hydroelectric power. Dublin's emissions from the built environment are slightly more from the commercial/industrial sectors (54.1%); the residential sector makes up 45.9% of community stationary emissions (see Figure 2). Resitlenticd In 2005, Dublin's 40,7006 residents consumed 91 million kWh of electricity, or about 6,987 kWh per household, and 5.8 million therms of natural gas, or about 442 therms per household'. When compared to most other Alameda County jurisdictions, energy consumption per household in Dublin was somewhat larger. While this is likely in part due to Dublin's inland location and more extreme temperatures, this suggests that the City may be able to find significant reductions in GHG emissions by targeting energy efficiency in residential buildings. Overall, residential energy consumption in Dublin resulted in 51,154 MT COze emissions. Major residential energy uses include refrigeration, lighting, air conditioning and heating, and water heating. Commercinl/Inclustrial In 2005, commercial/industrial buildings in Dublin consumed 181.2 million kWh of electricity and 3.7 million therms of natural gas, resulting in 60,183 MT COze emitted into the atmosphere. 6 Population and household estimates are from the Association of Bay Area Governments' Projections 2005. ' Ibid. ~ City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 20 Emissions from industrial electricity and natural gas use, as well as Direct Access electricity use are included within the Industrial sector category. Industrial natural gas and electricity consumption data are reported within this sector under Public Utility Commission (PUC) confidentiality rules that prohibit the release of such data in certain cases. Waste In 2005, the City of Dublin sent approximately 41,779 tons of solid waste and 2,093 tons of alternative daily cover (ADC)8 to a landfill, resulting in a total of about 12,490 MT CO2e, or 3.5% of total GHG emissions (see Figure 1). Emissions from the waste sector are an estimate of inethane (CHq) generation that will result from the anaerobic decomposition of the waste sent to a landfill from the community as a whole in the base year (2005). It is important to note that these emissions are not solely generated in the base year, but occur over the 100+ year time frame in which the waste generated in 2005 will decompose. This "frontloading" of future emissions allows for simplified accounting and accurate comparison of the emissions impacts of waste disposed in each year. Therefore, if the amount of waste sent to a landfill is significantly reduced in a fuhire year, that year's emissions profile will reflect those reductions9. Some types of waste (e.g., paper, plant debris, food scraps) generate CH4 within the anaerobic environment of a landfill and others do not (e.g., metal, glass). Characterizing the various components of the waste stream is important. Alameda County is unique among California counties because it conducted its own waste characterization study in the year 2000. The waste characterization study highlights the waste types that could be diverted from the waste stream. ICLEI used this study to determine the average composition of the waste stream for all Alameda County municipalities. The specific characterization of ADC tonnage was provided by the California lntegrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) via the Disposal Reporting System (DRS). Most landfills in the Bay Area capture CH4 emissions either to generate energy or for flaring (i.e., burning of~. EPA estimates that 60-80%10~ of total CH4 emissions are recovered at the landfills to which the City of Dublin sends its waste. Following the recommendation of the Alameda County Waste Management Authority, and keeping with general IPCC guidelines to use conservative estimations, ICLEI has adopted 60% as the methane recovery factor used in these calculations. The tonnage of waste that is recycled, composted, or otherwise diverted from landfills is not a direct input into CACP. The effect of such progams, however, is reflected in the CACP software model as a reduction in the total tonnage of waste going to the landfill (therefore reducing the amotmt of inethane produced at that landfill). The CACP model does not capture the emission reductions in "upstream" energy use from recycling (or any other emissions reduction practice) in the inventory. However, recycling and composting programs can reduce GHG emissions because manufacturing products with recycled materials avoids emissions from the energy that would have been used by extracting, transporting, and processing virgin materials. ~ The California lntegrated Waste Management Board defines ADC as `Alternativc cover material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging." 9 The emissions reductions associated with decreasing the amount oFwaste being added to a landfill are real and few external variables usually exist that change those emission levels later, therefore, this practice of front-loading is considered an accurate way to count and report the emissions that will be generated over time. 10 AY-42, Section 2.4, Municipal Solid Waste, page 2.4-6, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/index.html City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 21 Table 4- Community Waste Composition and Emissions by Waste Type* Waste T e MT COZe Percentage of Total COZe Percent of Total Tonna e Dis osed Paper Products 7,430 59.5% 22.9% Food Waste 2,229 17.9% 12.2% Plant Debris 490 3.9% 4.7% Wood/ Textiles 2,332 18.7% 25.4% All Other Waste 0 0% 34.8% TOTAL 12,481 100% 100% Note: M"1' CU2e = metric tons ot carbon ct~oxicte eqmvaient emissions. * Waste characterization study conducted by StopWaste.org for the year 2000. This total does not include alternative daily cover. 2. Municipal Emissions Inventory The sources of emissions counted under the government's inventory are facilities and equipment owned and operated by the City. The government operations inventory includes sources from the following sectors: • buildings, • vehicle fleet, • public lighting, • water, and • solid waste. Emissions bv Sector Government Operations GHG Emissions by Sector (2oos) Buildings 49.0% Waste 0 Wate Vehicle Fleet 18.2% ghting 30.8% Government operations in the City of Dublin emitted Figure 3- City Operations Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector approximately 1,573 MT CO~e in 2005. As shown in Figure 3 and Table 5, the largest source of emissions from government operations is the City's buildings, which emit about half (49.0%) of the municipal GHGs. Public lighting is the second largest source of emissions, comprising about one-third (30.8%) of all emissions. Vehicle fleet emissions are also a large source of GHGs (18.2°/o), as are emissions from water pumps and irrigation (1.4%). Waste created through government operations makes up about 0.7% of the total remaining emissions. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 22 Table 5- Government GHG Emissions by Sector Government Emissions 2005 MT C02e Percentage of Total COze Energy Equivalent (MMBtu Cost Buildin s 770 49.0% 12,787 $354,748 Vehicle Fleet 286 18.2% 3,681 $21,580* Public Li htin 484 30.8% 7,377 $245,410 Water 22 1.4% 335 $16,775 Solid Waste 11 0.7% 0 $29,064 TOTAL 1,573 100% 24,180 $667,577 Note: MT COze = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; MMBtu = million British thermal units. * This total includes only the Fire Department vchicles. Fuel costs were unavailable for vehicles from all other depariments. Energy-Itelated Costs In addition to generating estimates on emissions per sector, ICLEI has calculated the basic energy costs of various government operations. During 2005, the Dublin municipal government spent approximately $668,00011 on energy (electricity, natural gas, gasoline, and diesel) for its buildings, public lighting, and vehicles. The large majority of costs were for energy used by City facilities, with about $355,000 spent on natural gas and electricity. Energy for public lighting was a relatively large cost as well at around $245,000. Beyond reducing harmful GHGs, any future reductions in municipal energy use have the potential to reduce these costs, enabling Dublin to reallocate limited funds toward other municipal services. Municival BuildinQS/Facilities In 2005, Dublin municipal buildings and other facilities consumed about 2.2 million kWh of electricity and 54,000 therms of natural gas, which and resulted in 770 MT COze emissions (approximately 49.0% of total municipal emissions).i~ Table 6 shows energy consumption and emissions by facility groups. In 2005, the Dublin Civic Center was the largest municipal energy consumer, using 55% of all municipal electricity and 48% of all municipal natural gas. Energy consumption from the Dublin Civic Center resnlted in 405 MT CO2e emissions, or 52.6% of all munieipal facility emissions. The Dublin Swim Center was also a large source of emissions, emitting 129 MT COze, or 16.8% of all municipal facility emissions. City fire stations, the Emerald Glen Park and Preschool, and recreation facilities were also large GHG sources, collectively emitting approximately 29% of all municipal emissions. City parks and other energy consumers made up only a small portion of municipal emissions. ~~ This total includes only the Fire Department vehicles. Fuel costs were unavailable for vehicles from all other departments. ~~ Accounts attributed to the Housing Authority of the County of Alameda (HACA) have been removed from municipal operations because of a lack of jurisdiction. Rather, consumption by residents in these facilities has been counted in the community analysis of the residential sector. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 23 Table 6- Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Facilities Percentage Electricity Natural Gas Energy MT COZe of Total Consumption Consumption Equivalent Facility~ COze (kWh therms MMBtu Cost Civic Center 405 52.6% 1,186,080 26,231 6,671 $187,065 Swim Center 129 16.8% 187,840 16,352 2,276 $42,476 Fire De artment 88 11.4% 183,920 8,679 1,496 $37,454 Emerald Glen Park and ~q 103% 353,477 0 1,206 $45,008 Preschool Recreation 55 7.1% 173,952 3,031 898 $32,723 Facilities/Centers- Parks and Other3 14 1.8% 70,339 0 240 $10,022 TOTAL 770 100% 2,155,608 54,293 12,787 $354,748 Note: MT COze = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; kWh = kilowatt-hours; MMBtu = million British thermal units. lA few individual buildings are highlighted because of their large emissions. 'Recreation Facilities/Centers includes the Dublin Heritage Center, Dublin Senior Center, and Shannon Community Center and Park. 3Parks and Other includes Dolan Park, Kolb Park, Mape Memorial Park, Ted Fairfield Park, and a storage yard and trash compactor. Citv T~ehicle Fleet and Mobile Epuipinent As shown in Figure 3, the City's vehicle fleet was the third largest source of municipal emissions in 2005, emitting 18.2% of all municipal emissions. The municipal fleet includes all vehicles owned and operated by the City of Dublin. For this inventory, fuel consumption was reported for only the Fire Department fleet, or 13 out of 51 vehicles in the City fleet. In 2005, vehicles included in the inventory emitted about 286 MT COze. Table 7 and Figure 4 detail emissions by department. As stated above, where fuel consumption was not reported, VMT and emissions per vehicle mile were used to estimate COze emissions13. Table 7- 2005 Ciry Vehicle Fleet Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Fa~el Consumption De artment MT COze Percentage of Total COze Gasoline Consumption ( al) Diesel Consumption ( al) Energy Equivaleot (MMBtu) Police De artment * 177 61.9% n/a n/a 2,285 Fire De artment 78 27.3% 980 7,113 991 Public Works De artment * 28 9.8% n/a n/a 365 Parks De artment * 3 1.0% n/a n/a 40 TOTAL 286 100% 980 7,113 3,681 Note: MT COze = million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; ga1= ga-1on; rva = not available; MMBtu ° million British thermal units. *Fuel consumption was unavailable for these departments. Odometer readings were used to estimate fuel consumption for the purposes of the estimate. 13 Emissions per VMT = fuel efficiency (i.e. miles per U.S. gallon ) x emissions per unit of fuel (the fuel type factor). City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 24 Public Li~htinQ Public lighting includes all streetlights and traffic signals in the City. In 2005, public lighting consumed about 2.2 million kWh of electricity at a cost of $245,410. This energy consumption resulted in 484 metric tons of COze emissions. Table 8 breaks down energy use and emissions from public lighting by type. Figure 4- City Fleet Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector Fleet GHG Emissions by Department (2005) Fire Dept 27.3% Parks Dept 1.0% Over all categories of ' energy, across all sectors of , municipal operation, public ~ ~ lighting generated just under ~pt a third (30.8%) of all 61.s% ~ emissions (Figure 3), ~ representing the second ~--- _ ~ largest source of municipal emissions. This percentage is unusually high because streetlights make up a much larger proportion of overall electricity consumption from government operations in Dublin than in most other local governments. Much of this consumption is caused by ne~v streetlights in several new, large subdivisions. This suggests that the City may be able to effectively reduce emissions by reducing the amount of electricity the streetlights use, which could be accomplished by reducing hours of operation and/or the number of streetlights or by improving the technologies used. Table 8- 2005 Public Lighting Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Use Li htin T e MT COze Percentage of Total COze Electricity Consumption (kWh) Energy Equivalent (MMBtu Cost Streetli hts 427 88.2% 1,907,977 6,512 $207,171 Traffic Si nals 57 11.8% 253,497 865 $38,239 TOTAL 484 100% 2,161,474 7,377 $245,410 ,~~«. ,~« ~.,zc -,ucu w w~~5 ui caroon aioxiae equtvaient emiss~ons; kWh ° kilowatt-hours; MMBtu = million British thermal units. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan Public Works ~o 25 Water The water category includes all electricity used for pumping water and irrigation control. In 2005, water infrastructure consumed about 98,086 kWh of electricity, which cost the City $16,775 and resulted in 22 metric tons of COZe emissions. The data were not detailed further. Total energy use and emissions from water pumps and irrigation generated about 1.4% of the total municipal emissions (Figure 3). Solid Waste Solid waste generated by City-owned facilities and infrastructure produced an estimated 0.7% (Figure 3) of the total emissions from government operations. Like the community analysis, these emissions are an estimate of future CH4 generation over the full, multiyear decomposition period of the waste generated in the year 2005. In 2005, the City of Dublin sent approximately 32.5 tons of solid waste to landfill, resulting in 11 metric tons of COZe. In the absence of a centralized disposal record like the CIWMB Disposal Reporting System, waste generation figures from government operations and the characterization of government waste were estimated by City staff. Additionally, the final emissions number generated by the CACP software used the 60% CH:~ recovery factor discussed above. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 26 III. Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under a business-as-usual scenario, Dublin's GHG emissions would grow over the next 15 years by approximately 31.9%, from 357,211 to 471,205 MT CO~e. This is a considerable growth rate when compared to other Alameda County jurisdictions and underscores Dublin's predicted jobs and population boom in the next decade. This also underscores the importance of acting to reduce emissions now, because policies Dublin enacts now will affect future residents and businesses. To illustrate the potential emissions growth based on projected trends in energy use, driving habits, job growth, and population growth from the Figure 5- Community Emissions Forecast Emissions Forec ast for 2 020 ~ 500 000 -- , ~ ~~ 450 000 , ' ~' 400 000 ~ ~° - ~~ - , 350 000 ^ Waste ~, , ~ 300 000 T , ^ ransportation N 0 250 000 , ~ •" 200 000 ~ - ^ Commercial / , ; m Industrial ~ 150 000 ^ Residential , , I 100 000 , 50 000 , o ~ 2005 C02e 2 020 C02 e Emissions (metric Emis sions (m etric tons) tons) ~ baseline year going forward, ICLEI conducted an emissions forecast for the year 2020. Figure 5 and Table 9 show the results of the forecast. A variety of reports and data were used to create the emissions forecast. Resi~lential Forecast MethodoloQv For the residential sector, ICLEI calculated the compounded annual population growth rate14 between 2005 and 2020 using population projections from the Association of Bay Area Government's (ABAG's) Projections 2009. The resulting growth rate (2.850%) was used to estimate average annual compound growth in energy demand (see Table 9). ABAG estimates that Dublin's population was 41,200 in 2005, and ICLEI's calculations predict a population of 62,800 in 2020, an overall population increase of 52%. Commercial/Industrial Forecast MetlzodoloQv Analysis contained within California Energy Demand 2008-2018: Staff Revised Forecast,15 a report by CEC, shows that commercial floor space and the number of jobs have closely correlated with the growth in energy use in the commercial sector. Using job growth projections for Dublin from ABAG's Projections 2009, the compounded annual growth in energy use in the commercial sector between 2005 and 2020 was calculated to be 2.087% (see Table 9). Dublin's job growth between 2005 and 2020 is projected to be 36%, increasing from 19,520 to 26,610 jobs. ~4 Compounded annual growth rate =((2020 population/2005 population)^(1/15))-1 ~s Available at http://www.energy.ca.gov/2007publications/CEG200-2007-015/CEC-200-2007-015-SF2.PDF. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 27 Transportation Forecast Methodolo~v In their report, Transportation Energy Forecasts for the 2007 Integrated Energy Policy Report, CEC projects that on-road VMT would increase at an annual rate of 1.51% per year through 2020 (see Table 9).16 This is the number used to estimate emissions growth in the transportation sector for Dublin. The federal Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards and California's approved tailpipe emission standards could reduce the demand for transportation fuel in Dublin. Regardless of future changes in the composition of vehicles on the road as a result of federal or state rulemaking, emissions from the transportation sector will continue to be largely determined by VMT growth. Waste Forecast MethodoloQv As with the residential sector, population is the primary determinate for growth of emissions in the waste sector. Therefore, the compounded annual population growth rate for 2005 to 2020, which is 2.850% (as calculated from ABAG population projections), was used to estimate future emissions in the waste sector (see Table 9). Table 9- Communiry Greenhouse Gas Emissions Growth Projections by Sector 2005 2020 Annual Percent Community Emissions MT COZe MT COZe Growth Change Growth Forecast by Sector Emissions Emissions Rate (2005 - 2020) Residential 51,154 77,973 2.850% 52.4% Commercial/Industrial 60,183 82,043 2.087% 36.3% Transportation 233,384 292,151 1.509% 25.2% Waste 12,490 19,038 2.850% 52.4% TOTAL 357,211 471,205 - 31.9% Note: MT COZe ° metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions. While the community emissions growth forecast is based on known per capita energy consumption, workforce expansion, and population growth projections, the municipal operations forecast is based on the expansion of City services or infrastructure. Estimating the growth of City infrastructure or services was not within the scope of this project, and, therefore, this document does not include a similar forecast of government operations emissions, beyond that which is included within the community forecast. The CAP includes the various municipal measures that the City has in place to reduce municipal GHG emissions. 16 Report available at http:Uwww.energy.ca.gov/2007publications/CEG600-2007-009/CEG600-2007-009-SF.PDF. The compounded annual growth rate for 2005-2020 is calculated from Table 9.. In light of fuel cost increases, the calculation assumes a scenario in which fuel costs would be high. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2g IV. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Target A reduction target provides a tangible goal far Dublin's efforts to reduce GHG emissions. The emissions reduction target for the community aims to decrease emissions by 20% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020. ~ ~ Many factors were considered when selecting Dublin's reduction target. The City strove to choose a target that is both aggressive and achievable given local circumstances. Local factors considered in selecting the target percentage to reduce GHG emissions included estimation of the effects of implemented and planned programs and policies, an approximate assessment of future opportunities to reduce emissions, targets adopted by peer communities, BAAQMD guidance and CEQA significance thresholds, and emission reductions expected to be achieved by state-level policy under AB 32 and other regulations. The City of Dublin is adopting a community emissions reduction target of 20% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020. To reach this target, the Dublin community must reduce annual emissions by about 95,000 MT COze from baseline 2005 levels. Table 10 - Dublin Commz~nirywide Emissions Summary Dublin Communi ide Emissions Summa Base ear 2005 Base year MT COze emissions 357,211 ~\ l3\ ~~~~.\ `~ -- . q ~ k~~ J ~~~''y~l~~~ :. -\ -- -\\~~~, i. . 1 4~\ \ \ \ . • ~ . ~ ~~ :, h~ .\\ .~ 2u' ~~ .: .., k r ~ .. \G`~~ auw: ~~:. ...-.. . :'t .. ... ...... .. ..... ~Ym.... . . .... ..' ..:. _.. 3 .. ~\...:.~,:: 1Cea~1-. ., v......... . .ex.r'~„y~~~e. ~:. ~\n .. : ... . ~ ~ ~ Tar et ear 2020 BAU projection MT COze emissions 471,205 Percent CO2e reduction by target year relative to base year (% below BAU) 20% Impact of Emission Reduction Goal (MT CO,e/yr) 94,241 Forecasted Emissions with Reduction Measures (MT COze/yr) 376,964 Note: MT COZe = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; BAU = business-as-usual Sources: ICLEI CACP model output, summarized by AECOM 2010 Further, the City of Dublin's CAP is designed to meet or exceed the goals of AB 32. To delineate the City's commitment to the goals of AB32, the City's CAP employs the BAAQMD's GHG efficiency based metric of 6.6 MT CO2e per service population per year, where service population is the summation of population and the number of jobs within the City. As displayed in Table 1 1 below, the City of Dublin's eff'iciency metric is well below the established threshold in both the Base Year 2005 and Forecast Year 2020. Using the per capita measures of 5.88 for 2005 and 4.22 for 2020, the City of Dublin's reduction goal equates to a 28% decrease in GHG emissions between the Base Year and Fol•ecast Year. Thus, the City will be growing significantly over the 15-year period covered by the CAP, but during this salne tiine, the City's GHG emissions will be decreasing significantly on a per individual basis, which is not clearly visible when simply inspecting the BAU scenario. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 29 Table 11 - Dublin Communitywide Emissions Analysis CAP Reduction Goal Anal sis 'Itern ` Year' Emissians {MT C02e ' GHG Emissions Invento 2005 357,211 GHG Emissions BAU Forecast 2020 471,205 GHG Emissions Projection with Reduction Goal 2020 376,964 Item Year ' Persons Service Population (SP) 2005 60,720 Service Po ulation (SP) 2020 89,410 *ABAG 2009 Population Pro' ections ' Item ` Year MT CO~e /~P GHG Efficiency Metric 2005 5.88 GHG Efficiency BAU Metric 2020 5.27 GHG Efficiency Goal Metric 2020 4.22 City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 30 V. Emissions Reduction Measures and Policies At both the community scale and within municipa] operations, the City of Dublin has undertaken a number of programs, policies, and projects that result in reduced GHG emissions. Not only do these measures reduce GHG emissions, they also have the co-benefit of achieving other City policy goals, such as reducing local air pollution, reducing traffic, improving public health, increasing energy efficiency and conservation, reducing solid waste and improving solid waste management. Ultimately, the goal of Dublin's CAP is to build on existing planning and implementation efforts and integrate them into the broader task of reducing the GHGs emitted within the community. In addition, the CAP intends to encourage action by citizens, jurisdictional partners and business members of the community as they will also have an integral role in reducing emissions through programs of their own as well as the programs listed below. The City's Climate Action Plan is not intended to be closed after its initial adoption. The City expects to continue to add additional programs, practices and polici_es that will contribute to GHG reductions for many years to come. As these programs, practices and policies are developed and implemented, they will be folded into the City's Climate Action Plan. The City of Dublin has Llndertaken and continues to implement numerous measures to reduce GHGs since its baseline emissions were determined for 2005. The various GHG reduction measures are organized into three categories: transportation/land use, energy (which includes both energy efficiency and renewable energy), and waste management~~. These categaries follow the major sources of emissions found in the GHG emissions inventory (described in Section IIB). Where possible, anticipated emission reductions have been quantified based on substantial evidence. Within each measure outlined below, the City has attempted to explain its reasoning behind the measures inclusion as well as define the assumptions used in deriving the quantified reduction value. Additional detail and references to substantial evidence supporting quantified GHG reductions are provided in Appendix C. Existing methods for quantifying GHG emission reduction measure performance include both top-down and bottom-up calculations. Both methods are used to quantify GHG emission reductions in the CAP. A top-down calculation begins with the communitywide GHG emissions inventory. A recommended emission reduction measure (e.g., energy efficiency) targets a certain emission sector (e.g., natural gas, electricity), emissions sub-sector (e.g. residential, commercial) and portion thereof (e.g. space heating, water heating, air conditioning). Thus, the communitywide GHG emission inventory is scaled according to the applicability of the measure being evaluated. Assumptions for participation rates (i.e. the portion of the community that would participate in a program [e.g., % of residential units that would implement energy-efficiency improvements]) and efficiency levels (i.e. the level of efficiency that would be achieved by the program [e.g. % energy efficiency improvement above baseline conditions]) are made. These participation and efficiency assumptions are then multiplied by the relevant portion of the communitywide inventory to derive amount (in MT COze) of emissions reduced. A bottom-up approach to quantifying GHG emissions starts with a GHG reduction measure (e.g., installation of photovoltaic panels). If the measure is assumed to reduce electricity demand by a certain number of kilowatt-hours, this can be converted to GHG emission reductions using an emission factor for electricity generation. I-~owever, it is critical that the assumed emission factor be the same factor that was used to calculate the GHG emission inventory. " The term "waste management" includes waste reduction, recycling, composting, and final disposal activities. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 31 A. Communitywide Measures The measures outlined in this section represent significant reductions of GHG emissions in the community. They are organized by sector and outlined below. A1 Transportation and Land Use Measures Broadly, there are three main ways to reduce GHG emissions from the transportation sector. One way is to implement policies that reduce dependence on personal motor vehicles and encourage alternative modes of transportation, such as public transit, cycling, and walking. Another way is to use vehicles that release fewer GHGs, such as hybrids, more fuel-efficient vehicles, and vehicles that run on alternative fuels. A final way is to encourage "smart growth" (i.e., policies that promote efficient land use development). Smart growth reduces the need to travel long distances, facilitates transit and other nonautomotive travel, increases the availability of affordable housing, employs existing infrastructure capacity, promotes social equity, helps protect natural assets, and maintains and sustains existing communities. Vehicles on roads and state highways in Dublin are by far the largest source of Dublin's community emissions. In 2005, 653% of the community's GHG emissions were from the transportation sector. A.I.I Transit-Oriented Development Context - In November 2002, the City of Dublin adopted a general plan amendment, specific plan amendment, and zoning for the Dublin Transit Center, located near the existing Dublin/Pleasanton BART station. The plan allows for the eventual construction of 1,800 high- density residential units, 1.7 million square feet of campus office uses, 70,000 square feet of ancillary commercial uses, an 8.7-acre park, and a new BART parking structure. None of the projects located in the Transit Center were constructed prior to 2005 and therefore, are not included in the emissions inventory. As of 2009, siX-hundred seventy-four (674) units have been constructed. The City of Dublin also adopted a West Dublin BART Specific Plan in December 2000, which was subsequently amended in November 2007. The West Dublin BART area, under the concept in the Specific Plan, is intended to be a high-intensity mixed-use area, capitalizing on regional transit linkages provided by both the BART line and supported by nearby freeways, including Interstate 580 and Interstate 680. Within the West Dublin BART area, a miXture of low-rise and mid-rise buildings consisting of residences, offices, specialty retail, lodging, restaurant and similar uses are planned that are consistent with a transit-oriented area. Consistent with the West Dublin BART Specific Plan, the City of Dublin has approved high-density residential development, a hotel, and office space at the West Dublin BART Station. The West Dublin BART Station is currently under construction and is anticipated to be completed in 2011. The 309-unit Windstar project has been approved near the West Dublin BART Station. Additionally, a hotel and ancillary retail/restaurant space have been approved in concept. The nearby AMB project has also been approved and, once constructed, will include 308 high-density residential units and a 150,000-square-foot office complex. In July 2009, Fehr & Peers Transportation Consultants reviewed data from a variety of sources to develop a likely range of vehicle trip reductions for transit-oriented development (TOD) adjacent to the BART stations in Dublin (See Appendix B). Research indicates that developments adjacent to transit services, such as BART, can eXpect to experience a reduction in vehicle trips, especially City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 32 for commute trips. Further, vehicle trip reductions may be possible if residential locations are within walking distance of retail/service amenities or an employment center. TOD residents tend to have a higher transit mode share than the remainder of the city because they tend to have fewer cars per person, are more likely to be single and without children, and cite location to transit as a factor for choosing the TOD residential location. Erraission Reductions - Based on their research, Fehr & Peers identified a reduction in vehicie trips of 25% for multi-family residential developments located in a mixed-use environment within a barrier-free, half-mile walk of a BART station. Dublin's planned TOD developments, in conjunction with the City's policies that promote high-density development (see Measure A.1.2) and mixed-use development (see Measure A.13), are estimated to result in a reduction of 4,357 MT COze/year (0.93% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A1.2 HiQh-Densitv Development Context - The City of Dublin has a high-density residential land use designation, which allows 25.1+ dwelling units per acre. These high-density developments are located near the existing Dublin/Pleasanton BART station and along Dublin Boulevard. High-density development has been approved near the firture West Dublin BART Station. Additionally, Area G of Dublin Ranch includes approximately 1,400 medium-high and high density residential units. The high density residential land use designation was included in the City's original General Plan, which was adopted in 1985. While this policy did exist prior to 2005, the total impact of the policy was not reflected in the 2005 inventory. For high-density housing, the only development projects included in the reduction calculation are those that were constructed after 2005. Erraission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.1.1. A1.3 Mi.xed-Use Development Context - Several areas in the City allow mixed-use development. The mixed-use land use designation encourages the combination of inedium- to medium-high-density residential housing and at least one nonresidential use, sLich as office or retail. The mixed-use land use designation was added to the City's General Plan in 2004. For mixed-use projects, the only development projects included in the reduction calculation are those that were constructed after 2005. Several projects have been approved in the City that include a miXed-use component, such as the Transit Center, Groves, Tralee, Jordan Ranch and San Ramon Village. Additionally, the City is currently working on several other projects that will also include a mixed-use component. Emission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.1. ]. A.1.4 Bicvcle ParkinQ Repuirements Context - Bicycle parking requirements are implemented during the development review process. Under the City's Off-Street Parking and Loading Regulations, parking lots with 20 or more spaces in nonresidential zoning districts are required to provide one bicycle parking space in a bicycle rack for each 40 vehicular parking spaces. Additionally, requirements exist for bicycle parking in multi-family residential complexes. The availability of bike racks throughout the City supports the use of the City's bike lanes, and is an essential part of encouraging individuals to choose biking over driving. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 33 Emission Reductions - It is estimated that the City's bike parking requirement will result in a reduction of 1,826 MT C02e/year (0.39% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A1. S Streetscape Master Plan Context - In June 2005, the Dublin City Council adopted a resolution approving a streetscape master plan. The goals of the streetscape plan are to better coordinate streetscape design throughout the community, clearly delineate public and private responsibilities for improving aesthetics, and provide a mechanism for promoting capital improvement projects with built-in streetscape improvements. Additionally, the Zoning Ordinance has requirements for planting trees in parking lots (minimum of one tree for every four parking spaces). Emission Reductions - Policies that promote trees within the community, such as those in the streetscape master plan and the Zoning Ordinance, play a valuable role in reducing GHGs within the community because trees can capture and store COZ. Furthermore, more attractive and better shaded streets create a more conducive environment for walking, bicycling and transit use, which can shift trips away from single-occupancy vehicles. Implementation of the streetscape master plan is estimated to result in a 1% mode shift away from single-occupancy vehicles, leading to a reduction of 2,922 MT COze/year (0.62% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A1. 6 Multi-Moclal Map Context - In June 2009, the City adopted a multi-modal map, which is a comprehensive tool to relay transportation opportunities within a specific location. The function of the multi-modal map is to show the various methods of transportation within the City, including pedestrian, vehicle, and bicycle trips as well as connections to other cities. The Multi-Modal Map is currently posted on the City's website. Additionally, the City will explore opportunities to distribute the map to residents and businesses to promote alternative modes of transportation in Dublin. Emission Recluctions - The multi-modal map is estimated to lead to more informed alternative transportation users. Assuming that implementation and distribution of the multi-modal map would result in a mode shift of 1% away from single-occupancy vehicles, this would result in a reduction of 2,922 MT C02e/year (0.62% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A.l. 7 Rechar~in~ Stations for Electric ancl Flu~ In HVbricl Vehicles at the Dublin Librarv Context - The Dublin Library, which was constructed in 2005, was designed to include recharging stations to be utilized by co~nmunity members for electric and plug in-hybrid vehicles. The City also has parking spaces designated for low-emission vehicles at the Shannon Community Center. Einission Reductions - This measure will result in reductions of GHG emissions in the City. However, the amount of reductions anticipated from electric plug in-hybrid vehicles are difficult to quantify, so an estimated amount has not been included in the Plan. Therefore, GHG emission reductions from this measure would result in additional reductions not included in the quantified reductions under this Plan. A.1.8 General Plnn Communitv Desi~n artct SustainabilitV Element Context - In September 2008, the City of Dublin adopted a Community Design and Sustainability Element. The Community Design and Sustainability Element establishes design principles, policies, and implementation measures to enhance the livability of Dublin and City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 34 encourages a high level of quality design that supports sustainability. The Community Design and Sustainability Element applies to new development and redevelopment throughout the City. E~rcission Reductions - This measure will result in reductions of GHG emissions in the City. However, the amount of reductions anticipated from the Community Design and Sustainability Element policies and programs are difficult to quantify, so an estimated amount has not been included in the Plan. Therefore, GHG emission reductions from this measure would result in additional reductions not included in the quantified reductions under this Plan. A.1.9 Work witlt the Livermore Amadar Vallev Tr~rnsit Authoritv to Improve Transit Context - The City works with the Livermore Amador Valley Transit Authority (LAVTA) to provide improved transit opportunities in the community. As part of the review process for proposed development projects, the City and project proponents work with LAVTA on planning future bus stop locations and extending service routes. LAVTA's Bus Rapid Transit, or RAPID, project is underway. RAPID, scheduled to begin operations in early 201 l, will run a similar route to one of LAVTA's existing routes (Route 10) but will offer more direct and efficient service between Livermore, the East Dublin/Pleasanton BART station and the Stoneridge Mall in Pleasanton. Efficiencies will be achieved by following a shorter route, using advanced technology~ to minimize delays at traffic signals, and increasing spacing between stops. The buses will run more frequently, thus reducing passenger waiting time. Within Dublin, RAPiD will run along Dublin Boulevard between San Ramon road and Fallon Road and will also pull into the BART station. Emission Reductions - The City will continue to work with LAFTA to improve transit within the community, which is estimated to result in a reduction of 1,~61 MT COze/year (031 % reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A1.10 Bikewavs Master Plan Context - In July 2007, the City of Dublin adopted a Bikeways Master Plan. Policies in the plan include the continued development of successful bicycle and pedestrian trail corridors, improved bicycle access to parks and open space areas, improved bicycle lanes and/or routes on several key cross-city corridors, bikeways on key freeway crossings, the development of education and enforcement programs, and improvements to the City's Bicycle Parking Ordinance. The City of Dublin recognizes the many benefits of creating additional bicycle routes and improving existing routes. Pedal power is a clean source of energy that does not produce GHG emissions; however, lack of adequate bike infrastructure is a major barrier to cyclists. Providing and promoting a convenient and safe bike infrastructure serves to reduce trips by motor vehicles. Bicycles are especially appropriate in reducing the number of short trips (up to 5 miles), which constit~ite more than half of all driving. Shifting trips from cars to bikes also reduces street traffic. An investment in bike infrastructure is also an investment in public health, because cycling is an excellent mode of physical activity. A fit community has lower health care costs. Emission Recluctions - Bikeways within the City of Dublin total 21.4 miles. The Bikeways Master Plan proposes 55.2 miles of Class I, II, or III bike lanes. The current mode share of bicycles within the City is 0.3% and the proposed Bikeways Master Plan is designed to result in a bicycle mode share of 1.5%. Construction and intended use of the bikeways outlined in the Bikeways Master Plan would result in a reduction of 3,506 MT COZe/year (0.74% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 35 A.2 Ener~v Measures Increasing energy efficiency and renewable energy throughout the community has immense potential to both reduce GHG emissions and save money. The energy consumed to heat, light, and power buildings within the community is a direct source of GHG emissions. The reduction of GHG emissions from building energy use can be achieved in a variety of ways, which include optimizing energy efficiency in new construction; retrofitting existing buildings to reduce energy consumption; promoting energy and water conservation and efficiency; and advancing the use of renewable energy. Other methods to increase community energy efficiency include subsidizing energy management services such as energy audits for residents and businesses and ensuring that developers and building contractors are trained on energy conservation and efficiency. Available sources of renewable energy include solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy. Hydrogen fuel cells and tidal current power are renewable energy sources that hold promise but require further research and innovation before they are as practical and possible to implement as other options. Renewable energy sources offer the potential for a clean, decentralized energy source that can reduce Dublin's GHG emissions. A.2.1 Green Buildin~ Orclinance Context - In 2009, the City passed a Green Building ~?__~ Ordinance (DMC Chapter 7.94) requiring residential projects ~ over 20 units to reach 50 points on the GreenPoint Rating ~ ~ ' ' ~ .,; := system. Alternatively, LEED for Homes is approved in the ~ ordinance. Other types of rating systems may be approved ~~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ by the City's Green Building Official on a case-by-case basis. The majority of residential projects within the City are subject to the Green Building Ordinance. There are little to no planned residential projects within the City that are 20 units or less. GreenPoint Rated is a green building program administered by the nonprofit organization Build It Green. GreenPoint Rated was conceived of and developed with assistance from StopWaste.Org. The GreenPointRated guidelines and rating system, begun in 2000, has grown rapidly and is becoming a standard for the construction of green residential homes and major renovation projects throughout California. The GreenPointRated system is comprised of five related categories: energy efficiency, resource conservation, indoor air quality, water conservation, and community, all of which are important to the practice of green building. To meet the GreenPointRated criteria a home must obtain at least 50 total points on the GreenPointRated scale as well as meet certain minimum point thresholds within each of the aforementioned five categories. Homes are evaluated by a third-party professional rater. Once a residence is verified to meet the criteria for a GreenPointRated home, Build It Green issues a certificate to the builder, which can be used for marketing purposes. The Fiorano neighborhood within the Positano development in Eastern Dublin is currently Lmder construction and is subject to the City's Green Building Ordinance. The Fiorano development includes 43 single-family homes. During the plan check process, the developer agreed to a minimum of 66 points on the GreenPoint Rating System. To date, 12 homes have been completed and the actual points achieved for these homes range from 98 - 120 points. Two recent projects have been approved that are subject to the Green Building Ordinance. The first project, Sorrento East includes 581 medium density units within 6 neighborhoods. During the Site Development Review process, the developer demonstrated that the project would achieve City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 36 the minimum 50 points on the GreenPoint Rating system. The average of the 6 neighborhoods is 64 points. The second project, 780 units at Jordan Ranch, includes both attached and detached units within 6 neighborhoods. During the Site Development Review process, the developer demonstrated that the project would achieve the minimum 50 points on the GreenPoint Rating system. The average of the 6 neighborhoods is 59 points. Sarrento East and Jordan Ranch are both located in Eastern Dublin. Emission Retluctions - GreenPoint Rated homes achieve GNG emissions reductions from, among other practices, solid waste management measures such as Bay-Friendly Landscaping and recycling of construction and demolition debris (C&D); increased energy efficiency; use of renewable energy; and conservation of water both inside and outside the home. Implementation of the Green Building Ordinance requiring at least 50 points on the GreenPoint Rating system for projects over 20 units is estimated to result in a reduction of 15,287 MT COze/year (3.24% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A.2.2 EnerQy I7p~rade California Context - The StopWaste.org initiated Energy Upgrade California program will establish countywide building retrofit measures and specifications for energy efficiency, water and resource conservation, and indoor air quality and health. The program is intended to provide a standardized countywide approach that identifies specific green retrofits to improve existing buildings. StopWaste.org has demonstrated leadership at the countywide level on many programs including waste diversion, green building, and bay friendly landscaping. The Energy Upgrade California program would include these existing programs and further expand them to include energy efficiency, resource conservation, and indoor air quality and heath. In addition, the Energy Upgrade California program intends to: • develop a technical advisory group; • conduct outreach at the countywide level; • provide training of contractors; • provide verification and tracking of projects; • leverage funding for project implementation (stimulus funds, other grants, municipal contributions); and • provide economies of scale and scope for all jurisdictions within the County. As of January 20 ] 0, the Energy Upgrade California program for single-family residential buildings is being developed and additional programs for commercial, multi-family, and other buildings will be developed based on funding availability. The budget for the Energy Upgrade California project does not include funds for installation of the green retrofit measures, but StopWaste.Org suggests that existing redevelopment funds or other funding streams from the federal stimulus can be used to implement the Energy Upgrade California. StopWaste.Org notes that bliildings account for 23% of Statewide GHG emissions, and existing buildings represent the majority of the State's building stock; therefore, the California Public Utilities Commission has a goal of improving the energy performance of existing buildings by 40% by 2020. The level of emissions from existing buildings in Dublin is higher than the State level because approximately 31% of emissions come from the residential and commercial sector, according to the 2005 GHG inventory. To combat this, the proposed program is estimated to reduce carbon emissions in Alameda County by more than 41,000 MT in its first 2 years, and by more than 3 million tons between now and 2020. Therefore, participation in the Energy Upgrade California program will help achieve any future GHG reduction targets thaYthe City may set. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 37 Emission Reductions - The emissions reduction achieved through energy efficiency retrofits will vary, but promises to be substantial. A savings of 1 million kWh reduces emissions by mare than 270 MT CO~e. For every 1,000 therms of natural gas that is saved, the jurisdiction is achieving an emissions reduction of 6.6 MT COZe. Based on an estimated 7% participation rate among housing units in the community, supported by the SEP II Residential Energy Efficiency Program, implementation of the Energy Upgrade California program in the City of Dublin is estimated to result in a reduction of 4,480 MT COZe/year (0.95% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A.2.3 Solar Conversion Pro,~rams Context - The City of Dublin promotes solar installation within the community through two solar conversion programs, which include Solar Cities and CaliforniaFIRST. Solar Cities is a joint project of the Cities of Dublin, Livermore, and Pleasanton focused on educating consumers about residential solar energy. The City of Dublin joined Solar Cities in 2008. The program features free workshops, Internet resources, and targeted information to assist homeowners to make decisions about investing in a photovoltaic (PV) solar system. Furthermore, the City is a participant in the CaliforniaFIRST program, which provides access to financial assistance for homeowners seeking to install PV systems. The CaliforniaFIRST Program is a property assessed clean energy (PACE) financing program. The City joined CaliforniaFIRST is 2009. PACE programs allow property owners within participating regions to finance the installation of energy and water improvements on their home or business and pay the amount back as a line item on their property tax bi1L The CaliforniaFIRST Program is sponsored by the California Statewide Communities Development Authority, an association of counties and cities, in partnership with Renewable Funding. The City of Dublin has opted in to the CaliforniaFIRST Program, which allows its residents to participate in the program and receive funding from Renewable Funding for the installation of energy and water improvements on their home. Solar PV systems generate energy by harnessing sunlight. Technologies that can convert solar energy into electricity can be installed at the point of use. Solar energy is a clean source of electricity that does not produce GHG emissions. Installing PV panels on homes can also save residents money by offsetting the need for power from the grid and can increase local energy security and reliability. Cost savings will begin to accrue after a payback period of 10-15 years. Other benefits include reduced emissions of criteria air pollutants from power plants, development and local demonstration of renewable energy technology, and increased residential energy reliability, securiry, and cost certainty. The State of California offers rebates to homeowners who install solar on their homes. Additionally, the federal government offers tax incentives for installing photovoltaic panels on commercial-zoned buildings. Emission Recluctions - Dublin residents and businesses are projected to install about 22.76 acres of solar panels by 2020. Based on the systein size of the Santa Rita Jail Case study, this level of installation of PV panels in Dublin is estimated to result in a reduction of 4,500 MT C02e/year (0.96% reduction relative to 2020). The Santa Rita Jail Case Study prepared in April 2002 highlights the system specifications, the multiple benefits of the system and the environmental savings. The 1.18 megawatt system City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 38 consists of three acres of solar photovoltaic panels and generates 1,460,000 kWH annually. Over its 25-year life, it is predicted that the PV panels on the Santa Rita Jail will result in 36,500,000 kWH of energy production, which is equivalent to a reduction of approximately 38,000 tons of C02 emissions. A.2.4 Reduce Solar Installation Permit Fee Context - In 2006, the City of Dublin reduced the building permit fee related to the installation of photovoltaic systems installed as an incentive for property owners to install solar electricity generating capacity on their homes and businesses. The City of Dublin recognizes the value of solar energy. Solar energy is a clean source of electricity that does not produce GHG emissions. Installing photovoltaic (PV) panels on homes can also save residents money by offsetting the need for power from the grid, and can increase local energy security and reliability. Other benefits include reduced emissions of criteria air pollutants from power plants, development and local demonstration of renewable energy technology, and increased residential energy reliability, security, cost certainty and local green jobs. Emission Reductions - Reductions from this measure are included in Measure A.2.3 A.3 Solid Waste and Recyclin~ Measures The City of Dublin has a goal of reducing waste sent to the landfill by 75%. To achieve this reduction goal, the City has implemented a variety of ineasures, which include expanding existing commercial and residential recycling and composting programs and expanding community education and outreach initiatives. As demonstrated in this document, many of StopWaste.Org's program areas to divert solid waste dovetail nicely with Dublin's own programs to reduce GHG emissions. ICLEI and StopWaste.Org have produced studies and evidence to show the reductions in GHG emission from recycling, composting, and reducing waste. For example, programs for recycling and preventing waste contribute to reducing the energy and transportation needed to manufachlre and ship virgin products and packaging. Composting contributes by reducing methane produced in the landfill and reducing the need for energy intensive fertilizers and pesticides. The EPA 2000 report states (EPA 2000): There are no plausible scenarios in which IandFlling minimizes GHG emissions from waste management. For yard waste, GHG emissions are roughly comparable from landfilling and composting; for food waste, composting yields significantly lower emissions than landfilling. For paper waste, landfilling causes higher GHG emissions than either recycling or incineration with energy recovery. Results provided in this report from research conducted by ICLEI and StopWaste.Org show that practices such as residential and commercial recycling and composting, buying recycled products and green building play important roles in a local government's strategy to mitigate emissions. In fact, GHG mitigation can be seen as an umbrella under which a jurisdiction's waste diversion programs play a substantial role. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 39 A.31 Construction and Demolition Debris Ordinance Context - Since 2005, the City has implemented a Construction and Demolition Debris Ordinance with a required 100% of asphalt and concrete recycled, and a minimum of 50% of all other materials recycled. The City's diversion rate has consistently been between 80% and 90% since 2005, well above the 50% requirement. Construction and demolition (C&D) debris represents a substantial portion of the total waste stream in Alameda County-up to 21%. Construction of a typical residential home produces approximately 17,000 pounds of C&D waste. Reducing C&D waste is critical to the City of Dublin because the City is still growing. C&D waste generally consists of wood, drywall, metal, concrete, dirt, and cardboard. After the organic materials are sent to the landfill, they break down and emit methane, a potent GHG. Recycling C&D waste not only keeps it from ending up in the landfill, but also reduces the upstream energy consumption that would occur to manufacture new construction materials. Emission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. A.3.2 CitVwide Diversion Goal of 75%: Context -In 2008, the Dublin City Council adopted a goal to divert 75% of waste from the landfilL To achieve this goal, the City is focusing its efforts on increasing the recycling of organics, cardboard boxes, plastic film, paper, and packaging material. The City currently has in place a variety of programs for diverting waste and the City continues to explore additional programs to help reach the 75% diversion goal. ` Emission Reductions - Attainment of the 75% diversion goal is estimated to result in a reduction of 4,911 MT COze/year (1.04% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). A.3.3 Tiered Rate Structure for Garba,~e and Recvclin~ Context - Since 2005, the City has offered a tiered rate structure, which places recycling services free and organics (composting) services at a significant discount to garbage services to encourage greater recycling and composting within the community. Recycling and composting programs reduce GHG emissions because manufacturing products with recycled materials avoids emissions from the energy that would have been used by extracting, transporting and processing virgin materials. Emission Reductions - Emission redl~ctions for this measure are included in Measure A3.2. A.3.4 Commercial Recycling Pro~ram Context - The business commlinity and schools are an important component of the Dublin community. In 2005, the City began offering a free commercial recycling program that also includes free indoor recycling containers for schools and businesses. Indoor recycling containers encourage employees and students to recycle by conveniently locating recycling containers near their work areas. Programs for recycling contribute to reducing energy and transportation needed to manufacture and ship virgin products. Emission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 40 A.3. S Commercial ~ood Waste Collection Pro ram Context - In 2005, the City began offering a commercial food waste recycling program, which includes a subsidy to encourage greater food waste recycling. As of June, 2010, the City has over 60 businesses participating in this program. In 2009, the commercial food waste recycling program resulted in 2,853 tons of food waste being diverted from the landfill. Reducing the amount of food waste sent to the landfill also reduces the CH4 emissions produced when organic waste decomposes in the absence of oXygen at the landfill. CH4 is a powerful GHG, 21 times more potent than COz. Food waste, which produces more methane than any other organic material, can be used for producing compost. Additionally, the resultant compost reduces GHGs in three ways: 1) The composting process itself helps to bind or sequester carbon in the soil. 2) The resultant compost results in reduced use of nitrogen fertilizers, which are not only energy intensive to produce, but are also a leading source of N20 emissions, a potent GHG. 3) Using compost helps to mitigate the decline in soil quality expected with climate change. Sending organics to a composting facility reduces more GHGs than sending organics to a landfrll, even one with methane recovery. Errzission Reductions - Food waste produces more methane per wet ton than most other municipal solid waste materials. If the City of Dublin were to reduce the amount of food waste that is sent to the landfill by 1 metric ton, the community would prevent approximately 1 MT CO~e from entering the atmosphere. Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. A.3. 6 Promote Commercial Recvclin~ Context - In 2005, the City began promoting commercial recycling in the City. The City has developed commercial recycling guides for businesses and the City's franchise waste hauler conducts two business audits per business day to increase diversion efforts in the commercial sector. Programs for recycling contribute to reducing the energy and transportation needed to manufacture and ship virgin products and therefore play an important role in the City's efforts to reduce GHG emissions associated with the waste sector. Emission Recluctions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. A.3. 7 Promote Multi-familv Recvclin~ Context - In 2005, the City began promoting multi-family recycling. The City has developed multi-family outreach packets and recycling bags for all multi-family units with shared recycling service. Historically, recycling participation rates within multi-family developments is low and the City of Dublin promotes high density residential development. Therefore, it is important to promote recycling within these developments. Programs for recycling contribute to reducing the energy and transportation needed to manufacture and ship virgin products. Emission Re~luctions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. A.3.8 Curbside Residential RecvclinQ Pro~ram Context - The City offers a corrvenient, free recycling program that includes curbside pickup for residential neighborhoods to encourage greater recycling efforts. The curbside residential City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 41 recycling program was established prior to 2005. Curbside pickup includes garbage, recycling and organics (composting). The goal of curbside pickup is to remove barriers to recycling. Increased recycling contributes to reducing the energy and transportation needed to manufacture and ship virgin products. Erreission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A3.2. A.3.9 Curbside Or~anics Collection Pro~ram Context - The City offers a convenient organics program that includes curbside pickup of food waste and yard waste for residential neighborhoods. This program, which began in 2005, is designed to encourage greater recycling efforts. In 2005, food waste and plant debris accounted for nearly 20% of the community's waste. It is critical to remove these items from the waste stream because they generate methane within the anaerobic environment of a landfill. Additionally, food waste and plant debris can be composted which contributes by reducing methane produced in the landfill and reducing the need for energy intensive fertilizers and pesticides. In 2009, the curbside organics collection program resulted in 4,467 tons of organic material being diverted from the landfilL ~ Emission Reductions - Emission reductions for this measure are included in Measure A.3.2. B. Municipal Operations Measures The City of Dublin has also undertaken a nlimber of municipal operations measures resulting in reduced GHG emissions relative to the base year of 2005. As noted in Chapter III Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the forecast of government operations emissions is included within the CAP's community inventory. As such, the various municipal operations that reduce GHG emissions and the resultant reduction metric are outlined below. B 1 Transportation and Land Use Measures There are several ways to reduce GHG emissions from the transportation sector, which include encouraging alternative modes of transportation other than solo-driving, using vehicles that release fewer GHGs and implementing smart growth policies. The measures below outline policies that the City has in place to encourage its employees to reduce their GHG emissions related to the transportation sector. B1.1 Citv Hybrid Vehicles Context - The City of Dublin has ~ve vehicles for its employees to use, two of which are hybrid vehicles. Hybrid cars get better gas mileage than the traditional internal combustion engine. Most hybrid vehicles get between 20 and 30 miles per gallon more than standard automobiles. All hybrids shut off the gas engine automatically when the car is stopped. This saves fue] and is better for the environment. When you press the gas pedal, the engine turns back on automatically. The gas engine will also come on to start charging the batteries when the vehicle becomes low on power. Because less gasoline is burned in these vehicles, they emit less pollution and a lower ]evel of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Emission Reductions - Reductions anticipated from use of City hybrid vehicles have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of other recommended transportation measures. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 42 B1.2 Commute Alternative Pro,~ram Context - The City's Commute Alternative Program is a policy designed to encourage alternative modes of transportation among the City's workforce. The City provides incentives to its employees who use alternatives to solo driving, which include public transportation, biking, walking, or carpooling. The City provides an incentive of $2.00/day to use alternative transportation modes. Additionally, the City participates in the Alameda County CMA Guaranteed Ride Home Program. Emission Reductions - Reductions anticipated from the commute alternative program have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of other recommended transportation measures. B.2 Energv Measures Increasing the energy efficiency of municipal buildings has substantial potential to both reduce GHG emissions and save the City and the community money. The energy consumed to heat, light and power City owned buildings is a direct source of municipal GHG emissions. The largest source of emissions from government operations is the City's buildings, which emit about half of the municipal GHGs. B.2.1 LEED Silver Requirement for New Citv Buildin~s Costin~ More Than $3 Million Context - In 2004, the City Council adopted a Resolution which required that all new civic buildings over $3 million be built to achieve Silver certification under the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED°) Green Building Rating SystemTM. The LEED program recognizes that building performance in the areas of human and environmental health, sustainable site development, water savings, energy efFiciency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality, results in rraore efficient buildings. The Shannon Community Center, which was the first completed in February 2009, includes numerous energy efficient measures. The Shannon Community Center is awaiting LEED certification. Several capital improvement projects are planned that will trigger the LEED Silver certification requirement, such as the Emerald Glen Park Recreation & Aquatic Complex, the Cultural Arts Center, and the Emerald Glen Park Community Center. These buildings will be constructed to achieve LEED Silver certification. LEED certification provides independent, third-party verification that a building project meets the high performance standards. LEED-certified buildings are awarded a plaque by the U.S. Green Building Council. LEED certification is recognized nationwide as proof that a building is environmentally responsible, profitable, and a healthy place to live and work.18 The certification can be applied to every building type and phase of a building lifecycle. Emission Reductions - LEED certification of municipal buildings is estimated to result in a i-eduction of 79 MT C02e/year (0.02% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). B.2.2 Winclow Film on the Civic Center Context - In September 2009, an energy efficient window film at the Dublin Civic Center was installed. The installation of the window ,frlm has improved the energy efficiency of the Civic Center. 18 Visit www.us~bc.o~ for more information on LEED. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 43 Einission Reductions - The window film is anticipated to reduce the City's carbon footprint by reducing GHG emissions by approximately 16 MT COZe/yr (< 0.01% reduction relative to 2020 BAU), which is a result of an estimated reduction in energy use annually of 73,766 kWh B.2.3 Li~ht Emittin~ Diode (LED) Park Li~hts Context - The City of Dublin was awarded a grant in 2009 for the installation of LED lights in various parks within the community. Once installed, these lights will improve energy efficiency at these locations. Emission Reductions - Reductions anticipated from installing LED lights at the Dublin Sports Park have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of other recommended energy efficiency measures. B 3 Solid Waste and Recvclin~ Measures As inentioned previously, the City of Dublin has a goal of reducing waste sent to the landfill by 75%. To achieve this reduction goal, the City has implemented a variety of communitywide measures. Furthermore, Dublin is placing increasing emphasis on achieving emissions reductions through promoting sustainable landscaping practices such as those outlined in StopWaste.Org's Bay-Friendly Landscape Guidelines. Results provided in research conducted by ICLEI and StopWaste.Org show that practices such as Bay-Friendly Landscaping play important roles in a local government's strategy to mitigate emissions. In fact, GHG mitigation can be seen as an umbrella under which a jurisdiction's waste diversion programs play a substantial role. B.31 Bay-Friendly Lanclscapin~ Policv ~ Context - The City has been employing Bay-Friendly Landscaping practices within the City owned parks and landscaping medians for some time. Also, in 2009, the City adopted a Bay- Friendly Landscaping Policy requiring new large Civic projects to meet a certain level of points on the Bay-Friendly Landscaping Checklist. Bay-Friendly Landscaping is an integrated solution that fosters soil health, conserves water, reduces waste, and reduces emissions. Through the Bay-Friendly Landscaping Program, StopWaste.Org provides training, landscape design assistance, and grant funding to local governments in Alameda County. The objective of the resources that StopWaste.Org provides is to assist local governments to design public landscapes that cost less to maintain, consume fewer resources, send less waste to the landfill, and do not negatively affect the San Francisco Bay. The Bay-Friendly Landscaping practices described below not only serve to reduce emissions, but provide many additional benefits. Trees, for example, provide habitat for birds, beautify urban areas, decrease the heat island effect, increase property values, and help to control stormwater runof£ Shade trees also reduce the need for air conditioning, thereby cutting energy costs. Selecting appropriate plants that require less shearing reduces the need for running various pieces of equipment. This not only reduces GHG emissions, but reduces local air and noise pollution. Additionally, keeping lawn and plant clippings on-site i~nproves soils. Grass-cycling, mulching, and using compost creates healthier landscapes without the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, all of which can help reduce water pollution. According to the CIWMB, yard trimmings are one of the largest components of municipal waste in California. Bay-Friendly Landscaping practices constitute an integrated, conscious approach to reducing this waste. These practices include selecting native or Mediterranean plants, which use City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 44 little water; keeping plant debris and grass clippings on-site; nurturing the soil by using mulch and compost; minimizing lawn size; and planting trees strategically to moderate temperatures. SLich practices not only reduce waste, but also reduce costs and resource consumption by reducing the need for irrigation and energy intensive fertilizers and pesticides. Nitrogen fertilizers release nitrous oxide, a potent GHG, into the atmosphere. Using compost reduces the need for nitrogen fertilizers by at least 20%. These practices also restore the soil's ability to absorb and filter water, reducing runoff into waterways. Emission Reductions - Emission reductions anticipated from implementation of the Bay- Friendly Landscaping Policy have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of recommended energy efficiency and waste management measures. C. Public Outreach Programs Public outreach programs constitute an important component of the City's GHG reduction strategies. The City of Dublin, through its many environmental programs and City events, can educate the community on environmentally-friendly behaviors. The City also can motivate the community to improve our community and environment and to reduce GHG emissions through reductions in energy use, transit, waste and through many other actions. C.1 Great Race for Clean Air Context - The Great Race for Clean Air Challenge is a friendly competition between Tri-Valley area employers to encourage the use of commute alternatives to and from work such as carpooling, biking, and publicly provided transit. The competition lasts two months. In 2009, the City of Dublin was one of 17 teams that participated in the competition. Ten Dublin employees participated and together saved 4,293 pounds of CO,. Emission Reductions - Measures C.1 through C.5 are estimated to result in a combined reduction of 471 MT COze/year (0.1 % reduction relative to 2020 BAU). C.2 Walk `n' Roll to School Context - The Walk `n' Roll to school program is designed to educate Tri-Valley parents and students about clean and green alternatives for getting to and from school. The goal of the Tri- Valley Resource Team's Walk `n' Roll to School campaign is to reduce school commute traffic, which would result in reduced GHG emissions and increased safety around schools, and to provide an opportunity for children to incorporate more exercise into their day. Emission Reductions - Measures C.l through C.5 are estimated to result in a combined reduction of 471 MT COZe/year (0.1 % reduction relative to 2020 BAU). C.3 Work with Sclzools on "Go Green" Recvclin~ and Compostin~ Pro~rams Context - The "Go Green" program is an education tool that encourages schools in the City to increase their recycling and composting efforts. The Go Green Initiative is a simple, comprehensive program designed to create a culture of environmental responsibility on school campuses across the nation. Founded in Pleasanton in 2002, Go Green provides a framework for environmental responsibility through five principles: 1) generate compost, 2) recycle, 3) educate, 4) evaluate the environmental impact of all activities, and 5) nationalize responsible paper City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 45 consumption. In Dublin, the City's waste hauler, Amador Valley Industries (AVI), funds Dublin Unified School District schools that choose to participate in the Go Green program. As of June, 2010, six Dublin Unified Schools were participating in the program (66% participation rate). Emission Reductions - Measures C.1 through C.5 are estimated to result in a combined reduction of 471 MT COZe/year (0.1% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). C.4 AVI Education~rl Presentations Context - As part of their contract, the City's waste hauler, AVI, is required to present information on recycling and composting programs that the City offers to various organizations and businesses. AVI provides a minimum of 12 presentations a year. Emission Reductions - Measures C.l through C.5 are estimated to result in a combined reduction of 471 MT CO~e/year (0.1% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). C.5 Promote Bike to Work Dav Context - Each year, the City of Dublin participates in Bike to Work Day. The 2010 Bike to Work Day and the sponsored Energizer Station were held on Thursday, May 13, at the Dublin/Pleasanton BART station underpass. The Energizer Station, co-hosted by the Cities of Dublin and Pleasanton, Alameda County Public Works, Dublin Cyclery, Hacienda Business Park, and BART saw over 430 cyclists pass through. Energizer Stations throughout Alameda County and in the Bay Area saw a 10% increase in the number of cyclists participating in the event. Emission Reductions - Measures C.1 through C.5 are estimated to result in a combined reduction of 471 MT COze/year (0.1% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 46 VI. Measures Implemented By the State That Will Reduce Emissions Included In the City of Dublin Inventory [n addition to Dublin's implementation of ineasures to reduce GHG emissions within the community, the effects of ineasures recently implemented at the State level will reduce GHGs emitted within the City and are included as part of the City's GHG emissions inventory and forecast. In California, numerous policies have been adopted by the State Legislature or the Governor, which are projected to reduce GHG emissions. The following sections briefly describe the policies that could have the greatest effect on reducing GHG emissions in Dublin. Additional legislation affecting GHG emissions in Dublin is summarized in Section I. Introduction. A. State Climate Change Planning A.1. California Global WarrrainQ Solutions Act (AB 32) Context - In 2006, Governor Schwarzenegger signed AB 32-the Global Warming Solutions Act-into law. AB 32 institutes a mandatory limit on GHG emissions to achieve the target of reducing Statewide emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020. The bill directs ARB to establish a mandatory emissions reporting system to track and monitor emission levels and to develop a wide range of compliance options and enforcement mechanisms. As a part of AB 32 implementation, ARB adopted a Climate Change Scoping Plan in December 2008. This plan provides some guidance on how local government can address climate change and play an active role in reducing statewide emissions. Specifically, the plan sets a target to reduce statewide emissions by nearly 30% below 2008 levels by 2020. To reach this target, the plan establishes many measures, including: • Developing a California cap-and-trade program. • Expanding energy efficiency programs. • Establishing targets for transportation-related GHG emissions. • Supporting the implementation of a high-speed rail system. • Expanding the use of green building practices. • Increasing waste diversion, composting, and commercial recycling toward zero-waste. • Continuing water efficiency programs and using cleaner energy sources to move and treat water. • Establishing a Million Solar Roofs Programs. • Achieving a statewide renewable energy mix of 33%. • Developing and adopting the Low Carbon Fliel Standard. • Implementing vehicle efficiency measures far light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles. • Adopting measures to reduce gases with high global warming potential. • Reducing methane emissions at landfills. • Preserving forest sequestration and encoliraging the use of forest biomass for sustainable energy generation. Emission Reductions - ARB has not yet set recommendations for local governments for reducing GHC emissions; however, the Scoping Plan states that land use planning and urban growth decisions will play an important role in reducing GHGs within the state. These decisions will play an important role because local gove.rnments have the primary authority to plan, zone, approve, City of Dublin Climate Action ~Plan 47 and permit how land is developed to accommodate the changing needs of their communities and population growth. A.2 Executive Order S-13-08 ancl the California Climate Adavtation Strnte,~v Context - In November of 2008, Executive Order 5-13-08 was signed, which specifically asked the Natural Resources Agency to identify how state agencies can respond to rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and eXtreme natural events. The California Climate Adaptation Strategy, completed in December 2009, is a first-of its-kind multi-sector strategy to help guide California's efforts in adapting to climate change impacts. It summarizes climate change impacts in seven specific sectors and provides recommendations on how to manage against those threats. The strategy considers the long-term complex and uncertain nature of climate change and establishes a proactive foundation for an ongoing adaptation process. Rather than address the detailed impacts, vulnerabilities, and adaptation needs of every sector, it prioritizes those sectors determined to be at greatest risk. The strategy is intended to be used directly by California State agencies in their efforts to plan for climate impacts. Emission Recluctions - Emission reductions anticipated from actions of Executive Order S-13-08 have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of recommended CAP measures. A.3 Senate Bi11732 - C~clifornic~ Strate~ic Growth Council Context - In 2008, the California Senate passed SB 732, which established a Strategic Growth Council, which is charged with coordinating policies across State agencies to support a unified vision for land use development in the State. This vision will serve as a reference point for local land use policies. Emission Reductions - Emission reductions anticipated from actions of the Strategic Growth Council have not been quantified and supported by substantial evidence. However, this measure supports achievement of recommended CAP measures. B. Energy B1 Senate Bill 1078, Senate Bill 107, and Executive Order 5-14-08 -Renewable Portfolio Standards Context - In 2002, the California Senate passed SB 1078 requiring public utilities to gradually increase the percentage of their energy supply generated from renewable sources, reaching 20% renewable content by 2017. SB 107 accelerated the timeframe of SB 1078 for it to take effect in 2010. In November of 2008, Executive Order 5-14-08 was signed, which increased the amount of renewable power generation to 33% by 2020. Renewable energy could include wind, solar, geothermal, or any "Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)-eligible" sources. This means that, over time, a larger and larger share of the energy electrifying homes and businesses in the City of Dublin will be generated with clean power. The policy should have an important effect on City emissions because 31.1 % of total emissions coine from commercial and residential energy use in Dublin, according to the 2005 inventory. Ernission Recluctions -It is anticipated that PG&E, Dublin's electricity provider, would meet the 20% RPS requirement by 2010, as required by law, and this performance criteria would also be in effect at the CAP target year (2020). Executive Order 5-14-08 would increase the RPS further to City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 48 i~ ~ 33% by 2020. Although this order has yet to be codified, the CAP assumes 33% RPS would be achieved by 2020. Therefore, in 2020, a minimum of 33% of the electricity consumed by the City's residential, commercial, and industrial uses would be produced by renewable resources and would not generate additional GHG emissions. The 2005 PG&E-specific electricity emission factor used to calculate GHG emissions associated with the City's electricity consumption accounted for the percentage of renewable resources used by PG&E for electricity production in 2005. PG&E's 2008 electricity production portfolio was comprised of approximately 14% renewable resources (PG&E 2008). Although it is likely that the percentage of renewable resources in 2005 was less than in 2008, the difference between the 2008 and 2020 renewable resource portfolio was used to conservatively calculate the emission reduction attributable to RPS. Therefore, an additional 19% (33%-14% = 19%) of the City's 2020 GHG emissions, associated with electricity consumption, would be reduced between current conditions and 2020 as a result of the additional use of clean energy. To derive the reduction amount, the total GHG emissions (87,476 MT C02e) that result from electricity consumption within the inventory projection from PG&E for 2020 is multiplied by the 19% that will come from new renewable sources. Based on these assumptions, implementation of the RPS in Dublin would result in a reduction of 16,621 MT COze/year (3.5% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). B.2 Executive Orcler S-20-04 - Ener~v Effciencv in State Buildirtps Context - Executive Order 5-20-04 was signed July 27, 2004, and directs the State to commit to aggressive actions to reduce the electricity use of State buildings by implementing cost-effective energy efficiency and green building strategies. To this end, the executive order directs all facilities owned, funded, or leased by the State (and encourages cities, counties, and schools as well) to take measures to reduce grid-based energy purchases for State-owned buildings by 20% by 2015. This is to be done through cost-effective measures to increase energy efficiency and distributed generation technologies. These measures include designing, constructing, and operating all new and renovated facilities owned by the State and paid for with State funds as buildings certified "LEED Silver" or higher; seeking out office space leases in buildings with a EPA ENERGY STAR rating; and purchasing or operating ENERGY STAR electrical equipment whenever cost effective. The California Highway Patrol Office is located in Dublin. Emission Reductions - This measure will result in reductions of GHG emission in the City. However, the amount of redlictions anticipated from increasing energy efficiency in State bl~ildings have not been quantified, so an estimated amount has not been included in the Plan. Therefore, GHG emission reductions from these measures would result in additional reductions not included in the quantified reductions under this Plan. C. Transportation and Land Use C.1 Assemblv Bill 1493 - T~ehicle Farel EF~ciency Standards Context - Nationwide, automobile manufacturers are bound by fuel efficiency standards set by the U.S. Department of Transportation. These standards, known as the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (or "CAFE") standards, require that the fleet of passenger cars sold by any single manufacturer have an average fuel economy of 27.5 mpg - the same standard that was in place in 1985, despite technical progress and increased understanding of the environmental impacts of fossil fuel combustion. The CAFE standards are adopted at the federal level, and states are prevented from passing laws addressing vehicle fuel economy. In response to these stagnant federal standards, the California Assembly passed AB 1493, ~vhich allows the California Air City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 49 Resources Board to create carbon dioxide emissions standards for cars sold in California. They argue that a GHG emissions standard is distinct from a fuel economy standard, despite the fact that it would necessitate improved gas mileage. The EPA granted a waiver to California in February of 2009 to pursue its, own regulations under AB 1493; however, the State has not yet done so. If AB 1493 is implemented in the next few years, this could have a significant impact on the reduction of GHG emissions in the City of Dublin because the total percentage of emissions from transportation was 653% in 2005. Emission Recluctions - The emission reduction potential associated with implementation of AB 1493 vehicle emission standards would vary depending on the first regulated model year and vehicle turnover between the present fleet and the fleet in 2020. To provide an estimate of the reasonably foreseeable GHG emission reduction potential of motor vehicle emission regulations, the GHG emissions reduction associated with AB 1493 was estimated using information presented in the ARB Climate Change Scoping Plan. The Scoping Plan expects an approximate 19.7% reduction in on-road mobile source GHG emissions between 2010 and 2020 (10 years). AB 1493 allows two model years of lead time for automakers to comply with the vehicle emission standards. For this reason, it was assumed that AB 1493 would be 80% implemented by the year 2020 (allowing for two years of delay). Thus, the likely GHG emission reduction of AB 1493 for on-road mobile-source GHG emissions in Dublin was assumed to be approximately 12.2%, for a reduction of 35,642 MT COZe/year (7.6% reduction relative to 2020 BAU). C.2. Executive Orcler S-01-07 - Low Cnrbon Fuel Stanclard Context - Executive Order S-O1-07 was signed January 18, 2007, and directs ARB to develop a Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). The LCFS would reduce the carbon intensity of California's transportation fuels by at least 10% by 2020. The LCFS will also incotporate compliance mechanisms providing flexibility to fuel providers to meet requirements to reduce GHG emissions. The LCFS will examine the full fuel cycle impacts of transportation fuels and ARB will work to design the regulation in a way that most effectively addresses the issues raised by the Environmental Justice Advisory Committee and other stakeholders. Emission Reductions - This measure will result in reductions of GHG emissions. However, the amount of reductions anticipated from the LCFS have not been quantified, so an estimated amount has not been included in the Plan. Therefore, GHG emission reductions from these measures wottld result in an additional reduction not included in the quantified reductions under this plan. C.3. Senate Bi11375 Context - In 2008, the California Senate passed SB 375, which aims to reduce GHG emissions by connecting transportation funding to land use planning. SB 375 creates a process by which local governments and other stakeholders work together within their region to reduce GHG emissions through integrated development patterns, improved transportation planning, and other transportation measures and policies. Emission Reduction - SB 375 requires ARB to develop the targets for reducing GHG einissions caused by passenger vehicles for 2020 and 2035 by September 30, 2010. Targets are anticipated to be released by June 30, 2010. Implementation of these targets and the measures to achieve those targets will require the collaboration of local governments such as Dublin and metropolitan planning organizations such as MTC. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 50 VII. Summary of Emission Reduction Measures Based on the emissions reductions estimated to be achieved after 2005 through the above measures, the GHG emissions in the City of Dublin are estimated to be reduced by 99,000 MT COze or 21.01% below 2020 BAU emissions which will slightly exceed the emission reduction target of 20%. Table ] 2 slimmarizes the contribution of proposed CAP measures toward achievement of the reduction target. Table l3 summarizes the City's GHG emissions compared to the BAAQMD GHG Efficiency Threshold of 6.6 MT C02e per service population, and shows the effect of the reduction strategies compared to this threshold. The City's reduction measures outlined in the CAP result in a projected GHG Efficiency Metric for 2020 of 4.2 MT C02e per service population, which is 36.9% below the 6.6 threshold. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 51 Table 12 - Summary of GHG Reduction Measure Performance Measure Number and Title GHG Reductions MT COze/ r) % Reduction Relative to 2020 BAU A. Communit wide Measures A.1. Trans ortation and Land Use Measures A.1.1. Transit-0riented Development 4,357 0.9247% A.l .2. High-Density Development lncluded in A1.1 A.1.3. Mixed-Use Development Incla~decl in A.1.1 A.1.4. Bicycle Parking Requirements 1,825 0.387~% A.1.5. Streetscape Master Plan 2,922 0.6200% A.1.6. Multi-Modal Ma 2,922 0.6200% A.1.7. Electric and Plug In-Hybrid Charging Stations at the Librarv Supporting Measure A.l .8. General Plan Community Design and Sustainability Element Su orting Measa~re A.1.9. Work with LAVTA to Improve Transit 1,461 0.3100% A1.10. Bikewavs Master Plan 3,506 0.7440% Subtotal Trans ortation and Land Use 16,993 3.61% A.2. Ener Measures A.2.1. Green Building Ordinance 1~,287 3.2442% A.2.2. Energy Upgrade California 4,480 09~08% A.2.3. Solar Conversion Programs 4,500 09~~0% A.2.4. Reduce Solar Installation Permit Fee Included in A.2.3 Subtotal Ener 24,267 5.15 A.3. Solid Waste and Rec cliu Measures A.3.1. Construction and Demolition Debris Ordinance Included in A.3.2 A3.2. Citywide Diversion Goal of 75% 4,9ll 1.0422% A.3.3. Tiered Rate Structure for Garbage and Recvcling Included in A.3.2 A.3.4. Commercial Recycling Program Included in A.3.2 A.3.~. Commercial Food Waste Collection Program Included in A.3.2 A.3.6. Promote Commercial Recycling Included inA.3.2 A.3.7. Promotc Multi-family Recycling Included in A.3.2 A.3.8. Curbside Residential Recycling Program Inclua'ed in A.3.2 A.3.9. Curbside Organics Collection Pro ram Included in A.3.2 Subtotal Solid Waste and Rec clin 4,911 1.04% Total Communit wide Measures 46,171 9.80% B. Munici al O erations Measures B.l. Trans ortation and Land Use Measures B.L~. City Hybrid Vehicles Supporting Measure B.1.2. Commute Alternative Program Supporting Measure B.2. Ener Measures B.2.1. LEED Silver Requirement for New City Buildings >$3mil 79 0.0167% B.2.2. Window Film on the Civic Center 16 0.034% B.2.3. L~D Park Lights Not gunntifiable at this time B.3. Solid Waste and Rec clin Measures B3.1. Bay-Friendly Landscaping Policy Supporting Measure Total Munici al O erations Measures 95 0.02% C. Public Outreach Pro rams C.1. Great Race for Clean Air ~ C.2. Walk `n' Roll to School C.3. Work with Schools on "Go Green" Recycling and Composting 471 0.1000% C.4. AVI Educational Prescntations C.~. Promote Bike to Work Day Total Public Outreach Pro rams 471 0.10% City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 52 Table 12 - Summary of GHG Reduction Measure Performance (Cont.) Statewide Reductions Renewable Portfolio Standards (33% -2020) 16,621 3.5272% AB 1493: Vehicle Emission Standards 35,642 7.~641% Total Statewide Reductions 52,263 l 1.09% Total Communit wide Measures 46,171 9.80% Total Munici al O erations Measures 95 0.02% Total Public Outreach Pro rams 47l 0.10% Total Statewide Reductions 52,263 11.09% Total Reductions 99,000 21.O1% Tar et: 20% from 2020 BALJ City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 53 Table 13 - BAAQMD Efficiency Threshold Analysis . . . . .• . . . 2005 2020 MT C02e % MT C02e % Residential 51,154 14.3% Residential 77,973 16.5% Commercial/Industrial 60,183 16.8% Commercial/Industrial 82,043 17.4% Transportation 233,384 65.3% Transportation 292,151 62.0% Waste 12,490 3.5% Waste 19,038 4.0% Total 357,211 100.0% Tota) 471,205 100.0% Reduction from CAP strategies (from BAU) 0'.00°l0 ' Reduction from CAP strategies (from BAU) 9.92% Reduction from Statewide initiatives (from BAU) 0.00°!o Reduction from Statewide initiatives (from BAU) 11.09% ' Total (reduction from BAU) 0!.qt~% Total (reduction from BAU) ~1.0~,% ' Totai GHG with Reduction Measures 357,211 Total GHG with Reduction Measures 372,205 2005 Community GHG Efficiency Analysis 2020 Community GHG Efficiency Analysis Population 41,200 Population 62,800 Jobs 19,520 Jobs 26,610 Service Population (SP) 60,720 Service Population (SP) 89,410 GHG Before Reduction Measures 357,211 MT C02e GHG Before Reduction Measures 471,205 MT C02e Projected GHG/SP 5.9 MT COZe/SP/year Projected GHG/SP 5.3 MT C02e/SP/year GHG with Reduction Measures 357,211 MT C02e GHG with Reduction Measures 372,205 MT C02e Projected GHG/SP Target GHG/SP 5.9 6.6 MT C02e/SP/year MT C02e/SP/year Projected GHG/SP Target GHG/SP 4.2 6.6 MT C02e/SP/year MT C02e/SP/year % Below Target 10.9% % Below Target 36.9% 2020 Efficiency Reduction Goal Below 2005 Projected GHG/SP = 29.24% VIII. Implementation, Monitoring and Future Steps GHG emissions are an issue of growing concern for communities across the U.S. and aroLmd the world. The City of Dublin has displayed great leadership and foresight in choosing to confront this issue now. By reducing the amount of GHGs emitted by the community, Dublin joins hundreds of other American cities in stemming GHG emissions and the impacts associated with it. In addition to mitigating the effects of GHG emissions, the City of Dublin stands to benefit in many other ways from the proposed measures outlined in this report, including better public health, improved public spaces, economic growth, and long-term savings for property owners. Achieving Dublin's reduction target will require both persistence and adaptability. A. Implementation Ensuring that the recommended measures translate from policy language into on-the-ground results is critical to the success of the CAP. Some actions will require inter-departmental or inter- agency cooperation and appropriate partnerships will be established accordingly. Other actions will require jurisdictional partners, businesses and our community to take action. As part of the implementation, the City shall identify which measures apply to different types of new development projects, discerning between voluntary and mandatory measures. A checklist has been developed which illustrates the reduction measures that would apply to new development in the City, including residential and commercial projects (refer to Appendix D). The City shall include a mechanism for reviewing and determining if all applicable mandatory measures are being adequately applied to new development projects as part of the development review process. Identification of implementation steps and parties responsible for ensuring implementation of each action shall be included in approval documents for each project. B. Monito~ing The City of Dublin's Environmental Services Division will work with various departments within the City to monitor the results that are achieved by the various CAP programs and policies. A few examples of the type of policies in the plan that will be monitored are highlighted below: 1. Construction of bicycle lanes - the adopted Bikeways Master Plan proposes 55.2 miles of Class I, II or III bike lanes (currently there are 21.4 miles of bike lanes). The City will track the miles of bike lanes that are constructed each year. Energy Upgrades California Program - this program establishes countywide building retrofit measures and specifications for energy eff'iciency, water and resource conservation, and indoor air quality and health. It is estimated that there will be a 7% participation rate among housing units in the City. City Staff will monitor the homes that participate in this program. Constrliction & Demolition (C&D) Debris Ordinance - the City's existing C&D Ordinance requires that l 00°/o of asphalt and concrete be recycled and a minimum of 50% of all other materials be recycled. Environmental Services Staff and the Building Division track the percentages of C&D debris that are recycled. The City's diversion rate has consistently been between 80% and 90% since 2005. 4. Citywide Diversion Goal - the City of Dublin has adopted a goal to divert 75% of waste from the landfill. The City of Dublin reports to CalRecycle on an annual basis on the percentages of waste that is diverted from the landfill. The City will continue to monitor its diversion rates and explore additional programs to help reach the 75% diversion goal. Green Building Ordinance - the City's Green Building Ordinance requires residential projects over 20 units to reach 50 points on the GreenPoint Rating system. The Building Division works with project developers at the entitlement and building permit stages to ensure that the minimum 50 points is achieved. Monitoring results is critical to verifying that the various policies and programs within the City's CAP are achieving the anticipated GHG emission reductions that have been anticipated. C. Periodic Review The City is committed to periodically conducting a review of the CAP to determine its progress in reducing GHG emissions within the City. Environmental Services Staff will conduct the periodic reviews. The process of conducting a periodic review will allow the City to demonstrate progress toward local emissions reduction targets and identify opportunities to integrate new or improved measures into the emissions reduction plan, including additional measures if necessary to meet the reduction target. The City of Dublin will review the CAP on an annual basis to verify that the various reduction measures are being implemented appropriately. Additionally, the City will re- inventory its emissions every 5 years. D. Point of Control The table below lists 'the primary point of contact and locus of control for each individual reduction measure. Specifically, the relevant department within the City is highlighted, within which the implementation and ongoing activities will take place. Assigning and clarifying the responsible party is an impartment part of ensuring that the City achieves its goals as outlined and projected within the CAP. City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 56 Primar De artments Res onsible for Individual Reduction Measures Measure Number and Title De artment Res onsible A. Commtinit ide Measures Timeframe A.1. Trans ortation and La~d LTse Measures ~ ~~ A.1.1. Transit-Oriented Development Community Development 2020 A.1.2. High-Density Development Community Development 2020 A.1.3. MiYed-Use Development Communit Development 2020 A.l .4. Bicycle Parking Requirements Public Works Ongoing A.l .5. Streetscape Master Plan Public Works Ongoing A.1.6. Multi-Modal Ma Community Development Ongoin A.1.7. ~lectric and Plug In-Hybrid Charging Stations at the Librarv Public Works Ongoing A.1.8. General Plan Community Design and Sustainability Element Community Development Ongoing A.1.9. Work with LAVTA to Improve Transit Public Works Ongoing A.1.10. Bikeways Master Plan Public Works 2020 A.2. Ener Measures ' A.2.1. Green Building Ordinance Community Development 2020 A.2.2. Ener y Upgrade California City Mana er's Office On oin A.2.3. Solar Conversion Programs City Manager's Office Ongoing A.2.4. Reduce Solar Installation Permit Fee Community Development On oin A.3: Solid Waste and ReG clin Measures A.3.1. Construction and Demolition Debris Ordinance Community Development / City Manager's Office Ongoing A.3.2. Citywide Diversion Goal of 7~% City Manager's Office On oin A.3.3. Tiered Rate Structure for Garbage and Recycling City Manager's OFfice Ongoing A.3.4. Commercial Recycling Program City Manager's Office Ongoing A.3.5. Commercial Food Waste Collection Program City Manager's Office Ongoing A.3.6. Promote Commercial Recycling City Manager's Office On~oing A.3.7. Promote Multi-family Recyclin City Manager's Oft7ce Ongoing A.3.8. Curbside Residential Recycling Program Citv Manager's O£fice Ongoing A.3.9. Curbside Organics Collection Program B.;Munici a1 ~ erations Measures City Manager's Office On oin ' B.1. Trans arfation and Land Use lYleasures B.1.L City Hybrid Vehicles Public Works On oing I3.1.2. Commute Alternative Program City Manager's Office Ongoing B.2. Ener Measures ' I3.2.1. LEED Silver Requirement for New City Buildings >$3mil Community Development Ongoing B.2.2. Window Film on the Civic Center Public Works 2009 B.2.3. LED Park Lights Parks & Community Services 201 L 'B.3. Solid Waste and Rec clin Measnres B.3.1. Bay-Friendly Landscaping Policy City Mana er's Office On oing ~"C. Public Qutreaeh~Pro ra[ns ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C.l. Great Race for Clean Air City Manager's Office Ongoing C.2. Walk `n' Roll to School Public Works Ongoing C.3. Work with Schools on "Go Grced' Recycling and Composting CiCy Manager's Office Ongoing C.4. AVI Educational Presentations City Manager's Office Ongoing C.S. Promote Bike to Work Day Public Works Ongoing City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 57 IX. Relationship to the California Environmental Quality Act The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires the City to identify the significant environmental impacts of its discretionary actions and to avoid or mitigate those impacts, if feasible. Senate Bill 97 (2007) acknowledges that emissions from greenhouse gases are an environmental issue that requires analysis under CEQA. When the City undertakes a discretionary action for a"project" under CEQA, such as approval of a proposed development project, plan, policy, or code change, the City will evaluate whether that action would result in a significant impact due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. ~ It is unclear if the adoption of the CAP is a"project" under CEQA. Since it is a plan to protect the environment and reduce environmental impacts (due to greenhouse gas emissions or climate change), it may not constitute a"project" or qualify for an exemption under CEQA. The overall purpose of the CAP is to reduce the impact that the community will have on GHG emissions and, therefore, reduce an impact on the environment. However, as with any proposal involving activities relating to development, implementation of the CAP theoretically could potentially result in adverse impacts on the physical environment. Therefore, an Initial Study and Negative Declaration have been prepared by the City pursuant to CEQA to evaluate whether there are any potential adverse environmental impacts of implementing the CAP. Because the CAP will have undergone environmental review under CEQA, and is intended to reduce GHG emissions and climate change impacts in Dublin, it may be relied upon to address the cumulative impacts for future projects consistent with the Plan. This approach is consistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5, 15064 and 15130 and the adopted BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines and Thresholds of Significance, which provide a means for jurisdictions to analyze and mitigate the significant effects of GHGs at a progammatic level by adopting a plan for the reduction of GHG emissions. Later, as individual projects are proposed that are consistent with the CAP, the project would be considered to have a less than significant impact (i.e. less than cumulatively considerable contribution) from GHG emissions and climate change. When determining whether a proposed project is consistent with the CAP, City staff should consider the following: The extent to which the project supports or includes applicable strategies and measures, or advances the actions identified in the CAP; The consistency of the project with Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) population growth projections (Projections 2009), which are the basis of the CAP GHG emissions projections; and ~ The extent to which the project would interfere with implementation of CAP strategies, measures, or actions. A project and its CEQA environmental review that relies on this CAP for its GHG emissions and cl~imate change analysis must identify the specific CAP measures applicable to the project and how the project incorporates the measures. If the measures are not otherwise binding and enforceable, they must be incorporated as conditions of approval or mitigation measures applicable to the project. If the City determines in its environmental review that the proposed project would not substantially comply with the CAP's population growth projections or GHG reduction policies or programs, the Applicant could consider various methods for making the Project consistent with City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 58 the CAP, including, but not limited to, revising the project, incorporating alternative reduction measures beyond the reduction measures identified in the CAP (including offsets) to make the Project's GHG emissions levels consistent with the CAP. The impact from GHG emissions from a Project may also be determined to be less than significant under CEQA through an alternative analysis using a standard of significance that is supported by substantial evidence, such as BAAQMD's numerical thresholds (<1,100 MT COZe per year or 4.6 metric tons per service population (residents and employees) per year). A detennination that a Project does not substantially comply with the CAP shall not in and of itself provide substantial evidence that a Project's impact from GHG emissions is a significant impact under CEQA. It only means that a Project may not be able to rely on the CAP for a determination that the Project's impact is less than significant due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change (i.e., less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant cumulative impact). City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 59 Appendices A. ICLEIInventory and Projections Report B. Fehr and Peers study re: Transit-Oriented Developments C. Emission Reduction Calculations and Assumptions D. Applicability of GHG Reduction Measures to New Development Projects Checklist City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 60 (:j' "~~ c' ~ ! ~ ( ('; Appendix A: Supporting Date from ICLEI Inventory & Projections Report ~~. Appendix A: Forecast Data from ABAG's Projections 2009 Forecast Table 1- ABAG Pro'ections on Job Growth in Dublin • ~ •: JURISDICTIONAL BOUNDARY 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 ALAMEDA 27,380 27,400 26,970 29,650 32,850 ALBANY 5,190 4,840 5,030 5,240 5,440 BERKELEY 78,320 75,430 76,170 77,040 79,610 DUBLIN 16,540 19,520 19,650 22,900 26,610 EMERYVILLE 19,860 19,670 18,610 20,460 22,340 FREMONT 104,830 93,950 94,440 , 96,410 101,050 HAYWARD 76,320 71,690 71,050 72,240 78,250 LIVERMORE 32,820 32,430 30,550 34,770 40,030 NEWARK 21,420 20,590 20,350 21,490 22,810 OAKLAND 199,470 202,570 188,590 209,340 229,720 PIEDMONT 2,120 2,090 2,090 2,100 2,110 PLEASANTON 58,670 57,300 55,770 61,320 66,760 DUBLIN 44,370 41,650 40,940 42,300 45,680 UNION CITY 19,310 19,370 20,230 22,170 24,860 UNINCORPORATED 43,540 41,770 42,410 43,840 46,950 Forecast Table 2- ABAG Projections on Population Growth in Dublin • ~ '•' ~ • JURISDICTIONAL BOUNDARY 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 ALAMEDA 72,259 74,300 76,800 79,600 81,300 ALBANY 16,444 16,800 16,900 17,300 17,800 BERKELEY 102,743 104,400 106,500 109,400 111,900 DUBLIN 29,973 41,200 49,000 56,000 62,800 EMERYVILLE 6,882 8,400 10,100 11,300 12,700 FREMONT 203,413 210,000 214,200 221,200 230,600 HAYWARD 140,030 145,900 149,100 155,600 162,200 LIVERMORE 73,345 77,900 80,000 85,500 91,500 NEWARK 42,471 43,500 43,900 45,800 47,800 OAKLAND 399,484 410,600 420,900 446,100 470,900 PIEDMONT 10,952 11,100 11,100 11,100 11,100 PLEASANTON 63,654 67,500 69,300 72,200 75,600 SAN LEANDRO 79,452 81,300 82,000 83,600 85,800 UNION CITY 66,869 70,800 73,700 79,700 85,200 U N I NCORPO RATE D 135, 770 141, 700 146, 300 151, 700 158, 700 Appendix A City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 1 APPENDIX A 1 _rl~a ~~ ~ Emission Factors Used in the Alameda County Climate Protection Partnership Emission Factors: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ COz 0.489155 lbs/kwh The certified COz emission factor for delivered electricity is publicly available at PG&E htt~://www.climateregistry.or~/CarrotDocs/19/2005/2005 PUP Report V2 Revl Electricity PGE rev2 Dec l.xls 0.492859 COZe lbs/kwh C~~ 343.3 short ~ Default tons/GWh Direct 0.035 short ICLEUTellus Institute (2005 Region 13 - Western Systems Coordinating Access CH a tons/GWh CounciUCNV Average Grid Electricity Coefficients) Electricity N~0 0.027 short tons/GWh PG&E/CCAR. Emission factors are derived from: California Energy Commission, 53.05 Inventory of California Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-1999 COZ kg/MMBtu (November 2002); and Energy Information Administration, Emissions of PG&E Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2000 (2001), Table B1, page 140. l~Tatural 0.0059 CCAR. Emission factors are derived from: U.S. EPA, "Inventory of U.S. Gas CH4 kg/MMBtu Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2000" (2002), Table C-2, page C-2. EPA obtained original emission factors from the Intergovernmental Panel on Nz0 0.001 Climate Change, Revised IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas kg/MMbtu Inventories: Reference Manual (1996), Tables ]-15 through 1-19, pages 1.53-1.57. Alameda County Transportation Sector Emission Factors: . ~ . ~ . , . • ~ - - - - . ~ ~- _ . . , ~•- ~-- ~- ~-- 0.062 0.042 0.070 0.050 92.8% 7.2% 8,599 10,092 19.1 6.4 Provided by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District EMFAC Model Alameda County Waste Sector Emission Factors: ~ •~ ~ ,~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ , •~ Pa er Products 2.138262868 0 Food Waste 1.210337473 0 Plant Debris .685857901 0 Wood/Textiles .605168736 0 All Other Waste 0 0 Methane recovery factor of 60% derived from the US EPA AP 42 Emissions Factars report (http://www.epa. gov/ttn/chief/ap42/index.html). Appendix A City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2 Waste Calculation Methodology Emissions Calculation Methods COZe emissions from waste and ADC disposal were calculated using the methane commitment method in the CACP software, which uses a version of the EPA WARM model. This model has the following general formula: COze = Wt * (1-R)A Where: Wt is the quantify of waste type `t', R is the methane recovery factor, A is the COze emissions of inethane per metric ton of waste at the disposal site (the methane factor) While the WARM model often calculates upstream emissions, as well as carbon sequestration in the landfill, these dimensions of the model were omitted for this particular study for two reasons: 1) This inventory functions on a end-use analysis, rather than a life-cycle analysis, which would calculate upstream emissions), and 2) This inventory solely identifies emissions sources, and no potential sequestration `sinks'. Appendix A City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 3 ~1~~ ~~I ~ Appendix B: Fehr & Peers Study re: Transit-Oriented Developments ~ ~EHR ~t ~}EERS TRANSPORTA7ION C4NSUCTANTS IVIENiORANDUIVi Date: July 30, 2009 To: Jaimee Bourgeois, City of Dublin From: Kathrin Teilez and Rob Rees, Fehr & Peers Subject: City of Dublin Transit Oriented Development Transportation Impact Fee Assessment ~1b~ ~ ~~~ WC08-2606 Fehr & Peers has reviewed data from a variety of sources to develop a likely range of vehicie trip reductions for transit-oriented residential development (TOD) adjacent to the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) stations in the City of Dublin. Research indicates that developments adjacent to transit service such as BART can expect to experience a reduction in vehicle trips, especially for commute trips. Further vehicle trip reductions may be possible if the residential locations are located within walking distance of retail/service amenities or employment centers. Residents of TODs tend to have a higher transit mode share than the remainder of the City as they tend to have fewer cars per person, are more likely to be single and without children, and cite location to transit as a factor for choosing the TOD residential location. The following presents the background that requires agencies to consider fee reductions for transit-oriented residential development, the relevant research summary, and our recommendations for potential trip reduction percentages to use in assessing traffic impact fees for TODs. Recommendation - Fehr & Peers suggests a reduction in vehicle trips of 25 percent for multi-family residential developments located in a mixed-use environment within a barrier-free half mile walk of a BART station BACKGROUND Assembly Bill 3005 requires local agencies to set impact fees for transit-oriented housing proportional to their vehicular traffic impacts. The bill attempts to account for the observed reduction in vehicle traffic associated with development that is mixed-use ~nd within proximity of transit. The required impact fee re-assessment applies to housing developments that meet all of the following criteria: 1. located within one-half mile of a transit station 2. direct access between the housing development and the transit station along a barrier-free walkable pathway not exceeding one-half mile in length 3. located within a half mile of convenience retail uses, including a store that sells food 4. provides either the minimum number of parking spaces required by local ordinance or no more than one on-site parking space for zero to two bedroom units and two on-site spaces for three or more bedroom units, whichever is less. Traffic Impact Fees can be reduced at the discretion of a local jurisdiction even if not all the above criteria are satisfied. ~ 100 Pringle Avenue, Suite 600 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 (925) 930-7100 Fax (925) 933-7090 www.fehrandpeers.com AnnPnr~iY R ~~11 ~~ I ~~ Jaimee Bourgeois July 30, 2009 Page 2 of 4 The new housing developments within proximity of the Dublin/Pleasanton Station have the potential to meet these criteria. Figure 1 shows the one-half mile walkshed around the Dublin/Pleasanton BART station based on current and proposed street configuration. Further walkshed coverage could be achieved for parcels east of Dougherty Road, between Dublin Boulevard and I-580 with connections to the Iron Horse Trail. RESEARCH SUMMARY Project trip generation refers to the process for estimating the number of trips generated by a development site or area. Typically, only vehicle trips are calculated, but trips can also occur by walking, bicycling, or taking transit. T~ip generation estimates for residential projects are typicaliy calculated based on the number of dwelling units within that development. Vehicle estimates of the total trafFic entering and exiting the project driveways are typically calculated for the AM peak hour, the PM peak hour and for an average weekday. For projects that contain a mixture of uses, such as retail and office, it is reasonable to expect that some vehicle trips at the project driveways would not occur because people within the project choose to walk from one use to another within the site. For projects that are located near transit stops, it is also reasonable to consider that some trips will occur on modes other than the automobile such as walking or transit. The combination of internal trips (those which begin and end within the project site and do not add any new trips to the external roadway network) and external trips using alternate modes accounts for the total vehicle trip reduction. Typical Trip Generation Mefhods Vehicle trip generation rates presented in the Institute of Transportation Engineers' (ITE) publication Trip Generation, Sth Edition, presents rates for a variety of land uses, including residential. The Trip Generation Handbook (March 2004), aiso presents guidance to estimate the number of trips that remain internal to a site based on the balance of land uses within the site. The ITE trip generation rates were developed based on surveys of mostly stand-alone suburban locations with minimal transit usage. Rates presented in Trip Generation can be a good indicator of the totai number of trips that could be generated by a development, but does not account for the travel mode, such as walking, bicycling or transit. Recent Research Summary A recent article published by Cervero and Arrington' compared the trip generating rates used in the Trip Generation Handbook with observed trip generation from 17 residential TODs located within proximity to rail stations throughout the United States. Two TODs listed in the study, Park Regency and Wayside Plaza, are located near the Pleasant Hill BART station and would likely have similar trip generating characteristics as TODs constructed in Dublin. The trip reduction from standard ITE rates at the Pleasant Hill sites was 35 percent on a daily basis, 39 percent during the AM peak hour and 38 percent during the PM peak hour. It shouid be noted that the Pleasant Hill BART station is'/2 mile from a convenience grocery store and almost 1 mile from a full service grocery store. There are barriers to walking to those grocery uses from the BART station area, including Treat Boulevard (a six lane arterial) and I-680 (a ten lane freeway). Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 11, No. 3, 2008 Jaimee Bourgeois July 30, 2009 Page 3 of 4 m~~~r I~I ~ Using the 2000 Bay Area Transportation Survey (BATS), Fehr & Peers compared the number of automobile trips taken by residents within a% mile radius of non-downtown BART stations in the East Bay with those in the surrounding region to determine the effect that BART proximity had on mode choice. The survey shows that households within % mile of select East Bay BART Stations (Excludes downtown stations at 12th Street, 19th Street, Downtown Berkeley, and Walnut Creek; but includes all other stations, such as Concord, Pieasant Hill, Pittsburg/Bay Point, Richmond, San Leandro, and Castro Valley) have a, 25 percent transit mode share on a daily basis. The BATS data also shows that the transit mode share for residents living within % to one mile of a BART station is 16 percent. Trip reductions for the East Bay BART station survey data and the two Pleasant Hill Station TODs are fairly similar, with the higher trip reductions at Pleasant Hill likely due to the rise in fuel price, which occurred between the two survey periods, and the higher density of development and subsequent lower automobile ownership found at Pleasant Hill Station compared to the rest of the BART system in the East Bay. Research presented in Effects of TOD on Housing, Parking, and Travel, TCRP Report 128, states that TOD commuters typically use transit up to five times more than other commuters in the region and the mode share for TOD can be up to 50 percent. In 1990, the commute transit mode share in the City of Dublin was 2 percent according to the Census. The commute share increased to 5.4 percent by 2000, with the opening of the Dubliri/Pleasanton BART station in 1997. The transit mode share has likely increased since 2000 due to increased congestion on the Interstate 580 corridor and increased fuel prices. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The goals outlined in AB 3005 may be difficult for a single residential project to achieve as they rely on factors outside the realm of an individual project, principally the requirement that retail uses, including a food serving business, are located within proxi_mity to the new development. While it is shown that a mixture of uses does contribute to trip reductions, the significance of this factor is somewhat negligible during the AM and PM peak hours, the time of the greatest burden on the transportation infrastructure, because the many trips at this time are work-related. This is evidenced by the large trip reduction from standard ITE rates for developments around the Pleasant Hill BART station, although food serving uses are at least % mile for convenience grocery and almost 1 mile for a full service grocery store, with barriers to walking/biking. The requirements for parking in AB 3005 permit development to use the minimum parking requirements allowed within local ordinances. The current parking ratios for residential development within the Transit Center are 1.5 spaces per unit, which is less than the parking ratios for non-transit oriented development in Dublin (two parking spaces per dwelling unit for rental apartment uses and 1.5 spaces per dwelling unit for one bedroom condominiums and 2.5 spaces for 2+ bedroom condominiums). The parking supply level recommended in AB 3005 would allow no more than one on-site parking space for zero to two bedroom units and two on- site spaces for three or more bedroom units. The literature review of TOD sites suggests that vehicle trip reductions can range from 25% (using BATS data) to 35% (using Pleasant Hili station area data), and even as high as 50% (according to TCRP Report 128). Factors influencing these rates likely include gas prices, parking availability, and relative development density/type in the area. The Pleasant Hill TOD area is well established and over time residents have developed travel patterns that reduce vehicle trips, while the Dublin TODs are fairly new in comparison. Jaimee Bourgeois July 30, 2009 Page 4 of 4 ~3~ I5~ Fehr & Peers expects that as the Dublin TOD areas fully develop and become established that vehicie trip reductions approaching those measu~ed in Pleasant Hil~ will occur. Until that time, we recommend that a more conservative estimate of trip reduction be used. Thus, Fehr & Peers recommends a reduction in vehicle trips of 25 percent for multi-family residential developments located within a half mile walk, but south of Dublin Boulevard, of the Dublin-Pleasanton BART station, where the parking supply is limited. This reduction would correlate to a 25 percent reduction in transportation impact fees for development located. The 25 percent reduction zone is cut-off at Dublin Boulevard as this roadway is a major impediment to pedestrian travel. As the Dublin TODs become more established with a greater mixture of uses and area plans such as.the Bicycle Master Plan are implemented, this reduction can be reconsidered. However, there are aiternative mode improvements included in the transportation impact fee programs and further reductions to the fees could impede the ability of the City from fully developing the non- motorized transportation network and providing other transit amenities. This completes our assessment of trip reduction percentages for multi-family residential developments within proximity of a BART station within the City of Dublin. Please let me know if you have any questions. FEHR ~ PEERS TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS WCOB-2606_Walksheds DUBLIM-PLEASAf~TOfi! ST,4T10~9 WAL~SHEDS ~ ~ 0„~- ~ ~ Dublin TOD Transportation Impact FeeAssessment F E H R~ P E E RS AUTOMOBILE Ti21P REDUCTIO ~N ZOf~LS FOR RE>aDEf~TIAL TODs TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS ~~iy2oos FIGURE 2 WCO&2606_Tri p R eduxZa nes ~ V ` ~ ~~ ~ Dublin TOD Transportation Impact Fee Assessment ~y~~~ i~ ~~ Appendix C: Emissions Reductions Calculations anc~ Assumptions ~ierkers, G., E. Silsbe, 5. Stott, 5. Winkelman, an M. Wub6en. 2007. CCAP iransporta6an Emissions Guide6ook. Centerfor CleanAir Policy, Washington, D.C. Availa6le~. <http:/Jwww.ccap.org/safe/guide6ook.php>. as cited in Glifornia Air Pollution Control O~cen AuociaGon ~CAPCOA) 2008. CEQA and A.1.4 Bikeparking Y~topdown p.b°% 1,825 0.39% ClimafeChange. Ewi~g, Reid, et a1.2001. i~ovel ond the9uik Environment A SynN~esis. ' Tansportation Research Aecord 1730. Paper No. O1d515 as cited in Urhan ~ ~and InstiNte, 20D8. Growing Cooler. ISBN:978-0-87420~082-2. Washington, A.1.5 StreetscapeMasterPlan Y~topdown L'~„ 2,922 0.62% DC Dierkers, G, E. Silsbe, S. Stott, 5. Winkelman, an M. Wubben. 2007. CCAP , Transportation Emissions Guidebook. Centerfor Clean Air Policy. Washington, D.C. Availa6le: <http://www.ccap.org/safe/guidebook.php>, as cited in Glifornia Air Pollution Control Officers Association ~CAPCOAJ 2008. CEQA ood A.1.6 Mulfrmodalmap Y-tapdown 1': ~ 2,922 0.62% ClimateChonge. Dierkers, G, E. Silsbe, 5. Stott, 5. Winkelman, an M. Wubben. 2~~7. CCAP Transportation Emissions Guidebook. Cerrterfor Clean Air Policy. Washingtan, D.C.Availahle:<http://www.ccap.org/safe/guidebook.php>, ascitedin Y-top down ~detail Ulifornia Air Pollution Control OfficersAssaciation (CAPCOA) 2008. CEQAand A.1.9 WorkwRhLAVIAtoimprovet2ns@ required) ,_ 1,461 0.31Yo ClimateChange. Bikeways Master Plan; existing 21.4 miles; proposed 55.2 miles class I,II, or III bike lanes. ~mrrent mode share 03%, proposed Gry of Du61in Bikeways Master Plzn. Pers. Comm. Jaimee Burgeouis, Ciry A.1.10 6ikemasterplanmodesharel.5%) Y•topdown 12°~ 3,506 0.74% TafficEngineer.3/29/ID. A.2.1 GreenBuildingOrdinance Y-topdown 57% 26,819 ' 15,287 3.24q CiryofDu6linCAP.Mareh2030. Alameda Counry Waste ManagemeM Authorit~s Basic Home Energy Aetrofit Package or equivalent upgrades that achieve a 20%efficiency improvement The package would include attic insulatbn, programmable thermostats, water heaterinsulation,hatwaterplpelnsulation,anddrzkeliminatlonthrough ~ , ~aulking and sealing. It is estimated that the total cost of such improvementswouldbeapproximately$7,SOOta$10,000persingle-hmily ~ A.2,2 EnergyUpgrsdeCalifornia(Buildingretrofitmeamres) Y-topdown 40°o J.00% 4,480 0.95q home~asof2009). Basedon5antaRitaJailCaseStudysystemsae:1.18MW,130,000sqk["3 ~ A.2.3 SolarConversionPrograms Y-hottomup 9000kW 22.76acres 4,500 0.95% acres]~AlamedaCounry2005) 0.009 KW/sq& CiryofDublinCAP.2~l0~Mamhj ~~ 991,517 sq h APPENDIX C T00; Dublin T2nsit Center,1800 new and 674 ezisting entitled high density units,l.7M sq k campus o~ce, 70ksq k ~ A.1.1 commercial,BJacpark,BARTparkingstructure Y~bottomup 25% 17,430 4,357 0.92% Fehr&Peers2009~July).AscdedinCityofDublinCAPmeawreA.l.l. URBEMIS 2007. Version 9.2.4. A.1.2 HighDensiryDevelopnent Y;combinedwithAl.1 ' A1.3 Mi~edusedevelopment Y;combinedwithA.l.l Solid Waste & Recycling ~ ~ A3.2 75%Cilywidewastediversbngoalby2010 Y-topdown 75% 4,911 1.04% notappliedtowaste-in-place 0.33 Tieredratestructurekrgarbage&reryding combined wdh A.31 Commercial/Residentul Rerycling and Organics Collection A.3.4-A3.9 progams combinedwithA3,2 ~~ Calikrnia EnergyCommission ~CEC~ 2000~ California Energy Demand Staff LEED Silver requirement for new City buildings over CIP $3 Aeport P200~00-D02; Glifornia Climate Action Registry [CC4R] Geneal B.2.1 million:RecCenter,CulturolArtsCenter,CommunityCenter Y-hottomup 20% 394 79 0.0% ReportingProtocolv3.ilanuary2009 Green Bullding Ordinance (civic) URBEMIS 2007. Verslon 9.2.4. B,7.2 Window fiIm on the Civic CeMer Y~hottom up 123 16 0.00% ~ ~ ~ Based on SMA4M01009. Spare the AirControl Measure Program; Revision to Comprehensivepuhlkoutreachprogrsmwithaspiationalgoal Y•topdown t00°; 1% 471 0,1% StatelmplementationPlanSto/fReport RPS 20% by 2010 33% by2D20 GHG %Reduction Reduction in Relative to PG&E Existing RP Difference Sector 2020 ~MT/yr) 2020 14% 6% E 5,249 1.1% 14% 19% E 16,621 3.5% AB 1493 12.20% 6y2020 LCFS would not apply to emission factors applicable to inventory 35,642 7.6% ...! ~ ~ VI ~ ~~~ ~ Appendix D: Applicability of GHG Reduction Measures to New Development Projects Checklist ~o ~~~ Applicability of GHG Reduction Measures to New Development Projects Measure Number and Title Residential Pro'ect Commercial Pro'ect A. Communit ide Measures A.1. Transportation and Land Use Measures A.1.1. Transit-Oriented Development X A.1.2. High-Density Development X A.13. Mixed-Use Development X A.1.4. Bicycle Parking Requirements X X A.1.5. Streetscape Master Plan X X A.1.6. Multi-Modal Map A.1.7. Electric & Plug In-Hybrid Charging Stations at the Library A.1.8. General Plan Community Design & Sustainability Element X X A.1.9. Work with LAVTA to Improve Transit X X A.1.10. Bikeways Master Plan A.2. Ener Measures A.2.1. Green Building Ordinance X A.2.2. Energy Upgrade California A.23. Solar Conversion Programs A.2.4. Reduce Solar Installation Pemut Fee A.3. Solid Waste and Rec clin Measures A.3.1. Construction and Demolition Debris Ordinance X X A3.2. Citywide Diversion Goal of 75% A33. Tiered Rate Structure for Garbage and Recycling A.3.4. Commercial Recycling Program A3.5. Commercial Food Waste Collection Program A3.6. Promote Commercial Recycling A3.7. Promote Multi-family Recycling A3.8. Curbside Residential Recycling Program A.3.9. Curbside Organics Collection Program '- The location of future transit-oriented development, high density development and mixed-use developments projects has been planned for by the City through the General Plan, various Specific Plans and zoning. Z- The bicycle pazking requirement for residential proj ects applies only to multi-family complexes. 3- Through the entitlement process, the Applicant will work with LAVTA to determine if a bus stop is required along the frontage of the project site. 4- The Green Building Ordinance applies to residential projects with 20 or more units. ADnendix n ~ I ~ ~ i ~ RESOLUTION NO. XX-10 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN ADOPTING A NEGATIVE DECLARATtON FOR THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, on July 17, 2007, the Dublin City Council passed Resolution 139-07 approving participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's five milestone methodology for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City, which includes the development of a Climate Action Plan for reducing GHG emissions; and WHEREAS, in June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted CEQA air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdiction, which included an emission level threshold and an efficiency threshold for GHG emissions for development projects; and WHEREAS, alternatively, under CEQA and the BAAQMD CEQA thresholds, a City may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan to evaluate a community's cumulative impact due to GHG emissions from future planned development; and WHEREAS, if a project is consistent with an adopted, qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan, the Strategy/Plan can be used as the basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on a community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA; and WHEREAS, the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals and Objectives includes as a high priority goal, the creation of a Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has contracted with AECOM to assist Staff in preparing the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act certain projects are required to be reviewed for environmental impacts and when applicable, environmental documents prepared; and WHEREAS, an Initial Study was prepared for the Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, upon completion of the Initial Study it was determined that there was no substantial evidence that the Climate Action Plan would have a significant adverse effect on the environment and a Negative Declaration should be prepared; and WHEREAS, an Initial Study/Negative Declaration was prepared and circulated for public review from July 7, 2010 to August 5, 2010; and ATTACHMENT 3 g ~~b (~ WHEREAS, the City of Dublin received six comment letters during the public review period, but only one letter (the letter from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District dated August 5, 2010) raised concerns; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin worked cooperatively with BAAQMD and made minor modifications to the Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration to address the concerns outlined in the BAAQMD letter dated August 5, 2010. The minor modifications to the Negative Declaration do not require recirculation under CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a properly noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration on October 26, 2010 and adopted Resolution 10- 50 recommending that the City Council adopt the Negative Declaration; and WHEREAS, the City Council held a properly noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration on November 16, 2010; and WHEREAS, a Staff Report was submitted recommending that the City Council adopt the Negative Declaration; and WHEREAS, the City Council did review and consider the Initial Study/Negative Declaration and related comments and responses, all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth and used its independent judgment to evaluate the Negative Declaration; and WHEREAS, the location and custodian of the documents or other material which constitute the record of proceedings for the Climate Action Plan is the City of Dublin City Manager's Office, 100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, CA 94568, Attention: Martha Aja. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the foregoing recitals are true and correct and made a part of this Resolution. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City of Dublin City Council does hereby adopt the Negative Declaration attached as Exhibit A, based on the following findings: 1. The City Council considered the Negative Declaration together with the comments received during the public review process prior to taking action on the Climate Action Plan. 2. The City Council finds on the basis of the whole record before it that there is no substantial evidence that the Climate Action Plan will have a significant effect on the environment. 3. The Negative Declaration reflects the City's independent judgment and analysis as to the potential environmental effects of the Climate Action Plan. 4. The Negative Declaration has been completed in compliance with CEQA and the CEQA Guidelines. 2of3 vote: PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: ATTEST: City Clerk ~~ ~~~ ~ 16th day of November 2010 by the following Mayor G: IPA#I?OlDlDublin Climate Action Plan & Neg DecICC Meeting //. /6. /OICC Reso Neg Dec.doc 3 of 3 ~~ is ~ ~ Public laeview Draft Initial Stud~/ l~Tegati~e Declaration fo~ the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan October 2010 EXHIBIT A TO s •r~r n r~u~r~ ~r-r ~ ~y~~{°~, ~~~ 1~ Table of Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3 Contact Person & Sponsor ...............................:............................................................... 3 Project Location and Context ........................................................................................... 3 Project Background ................................................................................ 4 , Project Description ...................................................................."....................................... 5 Environmental Factors Potentially Affected .................................................................... 1 l Determination .................................................................................................................. 11 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts .............................................................................. 12 Earlier Analyses ............................................................................................................... 13 Discussion of Checklist .................................................................................................... 25 l. Aesthetics ................................................................................................. 25 2. Agricultural Resources ............................................................................ .26 3. Air Quality ...............................................................................................26 4. Biological Resources ...............................................................................27 5. Cultural Resources .................................................................................. .27 ....................................................28 6. Geology and Soils ...........:.................... 7. Greenhouse Gas Emissions ..................................................... .28 8. Hazards and Hazardous Materials ............................................................ 29 9. Hydrology and Water Quality .................................................................. 30 10. Land Use and Planning ............................................................................ 31 1 l. Mineral Resources ................................................................................... 32 12. Noise ..........................................................:............................................. 32 13. Population and Housing ........................................................................... 33 14. Public Services ..............................................................:.......................... 34 15. Recreation ................................................................................................ 34 16. Transportation/Traffic .............................................................................. 35 17. Utilities and Service Systems .............:..................................................... 36 18. Mandatory Findings of Significance ........................................................ 37 ......................................................................... Initial Study Preparers ............................. Agencies and Organizations Consulted ........................................................................... 38 References ........................................................................................................................ 3 8 List of Exhibits Exhibit 1: Regional Context ........ Exhibit 2: City of Dublin Context .......................9 .......................10 City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 2 October 2010 ~~ t isi ~ City of Dublin Environmental Checklist/ Initial Study Introduction The City of Dublin prepared a Draft Climate Action Plan (Draft CAP) using input fiom City staff and consultants. This Initial Study has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and assesses the potential environmental impacts of implementing the proposed project described below. The Initial Study consists of a completed environmental checklist and a brief explanation of the environmental topics addressed in the checklist. Project Sponsor & Contact Person City of Dublin City Manager's OfficelEnvironmental Services 100 Civic Plaza Dublin; CA 94568 (925) 833-6650 Attn: Roger Bradley, Senior Administrative Analyst Project Location and Context The City of Dublin consists of approximately 14.9 square miles of land area lying in eastern Alameda County, also known as the Livermore-Amador Valley, or the Tri-Valley area. Surrounding jurisdictions include San Ramon and unincorporated Contra Costa County to the north, unincorporated Alameda County to the east and west and the cities of Pleasanton and Livermore to the south. Major features in the community include the Interstate 580 freeway, which forms the southern boundary of Dublin and the Interstate 680 freeway that extends in a north south direction just east of downtown Dublin. The City is also served by the Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART), with an existing Dublin/Pleasanton station and a West Dublin station currently under construction and anticipated to be completed in 2011. Exhibit 1 shows the location of Dublin in relation to surrounding communities and other maj or features. Topographically, the community is generally flat north of the Interstate 580 comdor, transitioning to rolling hillsides in the northern and western portions of Dublin. Major land uses comprising Dublin include the older commercial downtown area north of the Interstate 580 freeway generally located between San Ramon Road and Village Parkway with predominantly low density, single family dwellings surrounding the downtown area. Gity of Dublin Page 3 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~1 ~, I~~ Parks Reserve Forces Training Area (RFTA, also known as Camp Parks) is located in the approximate center of Dublin and is used for military training purposes. The newest portion of Dublin is Eastern Dublin, consisting of approximately 4,200 acres of land located east of Parks RFTA, north of Interstate 580, south of the Alameda County- Contra Costa County line and west of the unincorporated Doolan Canyon area. Eastem Dublin has been urbanizing since adoption of the Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan in 1993 and the area now contains a mix of single-family dwellings, multiple-family dwellings, commercial and government facility land uses. Completion of the Dublin/Pleasanton BART station has facilitated development of high-density housing complexes in this portion of Dublin. Project Background California has adopted a wide variety of regulations aimed at reducing the State's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. While State actions alone cannot stop global wat~ning, the adoption and implementation of this legislation demonstrates California's leadership in addressing this critical challenge. Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, requires California to reduce Statewide GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. AB 32 directs the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and implement regulations that reduce statewide GHG emissions. The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) was approved by ARB in December 2008 and outlines the State's plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. The Scoping Plan contains the primary strategies California will implement to achieve a reduction of 169 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMT C02e), or approximately 30% from the State's projected 2020 emissions level. The Scoping Plan is a functionally equivalent document prepared under CEQA by ARB which meets the criteria for a certified regulatory program. The potential adverse environmental effects and identified mitigation measures of the actions in the Scoping Plan are set forth in Appendix J of the Scoping Plan. In the Scoping Plan, ARB encourages local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations emission and to move forward with establishing similar goals for community emissions, which parallel the State's commitment to reduce GHG emissions. The specific role local governments will play in meeting the State's AB 32 goals is not established in the Scoping Plan. Dublin's Draft CAP articulates the City's intentions with respect to reducing community- wide GHG emissions to further the goals of AB 32. The City's Draft CAP includes a variety of strategies and policies to reduce GHG emissions within the community. The various reduction measures contained within the Draft CAP have been separated into the following categories: transportation and land use measures, energy measures and solid waste and recycling measures. A program or project would be considered consistent with the Draft CAP if, considering all of its aspects, it would substantially comply with the applicable measures set forth within the Draft CAP and not obstruct their attainment. CEQA allows cities to develop climate action or GHG reduction plans to provide programinatic analysis of the cumulative impacts of GHG emissions for future projects in the City of Dublin Page 4 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ I~I ~ City. CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5 authorizes the use of these Plans for the analysis of the cumulative impacts of projects consistent with the Plan. The BAAQMD adopted CEQA Guidelines and Significance Thresholds for GHGs also authorize the use of these Plans for CEQA review of future projects. This Draft CAP serves as the City's qualified GHG Reduction Plan and programmatic tiering document for the purposes of CEQA for analysis of impacts of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The City has determined that the reduction target under the Plan will reduce the impact from activities under the Plan to less than significant under CEQA (i.e., the project will not make a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative impact). The substantial evidence to support this determination is set forth in the CAP, documents referenced in the CAP, this IS/ND, and other parts of the record relating to the adoption of the CAP. Therefore, this Plan may be used for the cumulative impact analysis for future projects and development in the City covered by the Plan. Because the CAP has undergone CEQA environmental review and is intended to reduce GHG emissions and climate change impacts in the City to a less than cumulatively considerable level, it may be relied upon to address the cumulative impacts for future projects consistent with the CAP. This approach is consistent with Public Resources Code 21083.3, CEQA Sections 15183.5, 15064 and 15130 and the adopted BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines and Thresholds of Significance, which provide a means for jurisdictions to analyze and mitigate the significant effects of GHGs at a prograinmatic level by adopting a plan for the reduction of GHG emissions. If a proposed project is consistent with the applicable emission reduction measures identified in the CAP, the proj ect would be considered to have a less than significant impact (i.e. less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant cumulative impact) due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change consistent with CEQA. Project Description The proposed project is the adoption of the Draft CAP, a document that provides policies and measures aimed at reducing GHG emissions within the City. The goal of the Draft CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below the Business-As-Usual projection of GHG emitted by 2020 which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT COze per service population per year in 2020. The Draft CAP describes baseline GHG emissions produced in Dublin, and projects GHG emissions that could be expected if the Draft CAP is not implemented. The City expects the reduction goal to be achieved through a combination of efforts at the local, regional and State levels. The reduction measures included within the Draft CAP, which contribute to the City's reduction goal, include locally-focused activities as well as regional and State initiatives under the Scoping Plan, such as the Renewable Portfolio Standard, and implementation of other recent State legislation. The City considers regional efforts as well as the implementation of State legislation to be a significant contributor to GHG reductions within the community as a significant portion of the City's GHG emissions come from State- controlled freeways, which cross or boarder the Dublin community. Emission Inventory, Baseline and Prajections Chapter II of the Draft CAP, "Emission Inventory," presents a GHG emissions inventory for 2005, which includes an inventory of both community level and municipal level emissions. The community emissions inventory includes sources of GHG emitted from the residential, commerciaUindustrial, transportation and waste sectors. The municipal emissions inventory City of Dublin Page 5 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ iSl b includes those sources that fall under the direct jurisdictional control of the City of Dublin Municipal Corporation, which includes City facilities, the City's vehicle fleet, public lighting, municipal water consumption and municipal solid waste generation. The emission inventory was developed by the City in collaboration with ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability using Clean Air and Climate Protection (CACP) software. Total community-wide emissions were determined to be 357,211 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005. Government-related emissions were estimated to be 1,573 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005. Chapter III of the Draft CAP, "Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions," includes projections of emissions in 2020. Under a business-as-usual scenario, it is estimated that the City of Dublin's emissions will grow over the next decade and a half by approximately 31.9% from 357,211 to 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. Dublin's GHG reduction goal is 20% below the Business-As-Usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year. In other terms, the City projects that emission reduction measures contained within the Draft CAP will lower the projected GHG emissions from 2020 from 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide to 376,964. While the City expects significant residential, commercial and industrial growth through 2020, the total amount of GHGs emitted within the community will not be increasing significantly. The impact of the emission reduction measures within the Draft CAP is more clearly demonstrated by comparing per service population emissions (population + employment, which decreases from 5.88 tons per service population in 2005 to 4.22 tons per service population using the projections for 2020, which represents a 28% decrease in GHG emissions between the base year and forecast year. Thus, the City will be growing significantly over the 15-year period covered by the CAP, but during this same time, the City's GHG emissions will be decreasing significantly on a per service population basis, which is not clearly visible when simply inspecting the BAU scenario. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Measures The Draft CAP identifies a variety of ineasures that contribute to the achievement of the City's GHG reduction target. The inclusion of quantifiable GHG reduction measures is the primary focus of the Draft CAP, with the anticipated emissions reduction of each measure in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent being used to contribute to the overall City GHG reduction goal relative to 2020. Measures that would aid in reducing GHG emissions, but which are not or cannot be quantified, are also included in the Draft CAP and will result in GHG reductions beyond those included in the reductions calculation. The various GHG reduction measures are organized into three categories: transportation and land use, energy (which includes both energy efficiency and renewable energy) and solid waste management. These categories follow the major sources of emissions found in the City of Dublin 2005 GHG emissions inventory. Results of Implementation Implementation of the measures in the Draft CAP would result in annual community-wide GHG emission reductions of approximately 46,737 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (9.92% total % reduction relative to 2020). The City-controlled measures include transportation and land use, energy measures and solid waste and recycling measures. The municipal operations and public outreach programs are also included as part of the City-controlled measures. The measures outlined in the Draft CAP represent the City controlled emissions. Additionally, implementation of statewide initiatives (Renewable Portfolio Standard and AB 1493) would result in annual GHG emission reductions of an additional 52,263 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (11.09% total % reduction relative to 2020). The Draft CAP measures combined with the City of Dublin Page 6 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~6~~ i~i statewide initiatives would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 metric tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent and would achieve the City's reduction goal of reducing GHG emission by 20% below the Business-As-Usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT COZe per service population per year in 2020. Potential Environmentallmpacts The overall purpose of the Draft CAP is to reduce GHG emissions and the impacts that these emissions will have on global climate change and, therefore, benefit the environment. Therefore, it may not constitute a"project" under CEQA or it may qualify for an exemption under CEQA. However, as with a proposal involving activities relating to. development, implementation of the Draft CAP theoretically could potentially result in adverse impacts on the physical environment. Therefore, an Initial Study is being prepared by the City pursuant to CEQA to evaluate whether there are any potential adverse environmental impacts of implementing the Draft CAP. The environmental analysis of the Draft CAP will only focus on the new policies or changes in existing or adopted policies tlzat will be implemented as a result of the Draft CAP. It will not analyze the impacts of existing or approved programs included in the Draft CAP, which have already undergone their own environmental review. In particular, the Draft CAP will not result in any change in land use or permit greater intensity of development than already allowed under the existing City General Plan, Specific Plans and zoning. The environmental impacts from these types of activities are already addressed by the CEQA environmental review adopted by the City relating to these actions. This Initial Study includes an analysis of each potential impact identified in the environmental checklist under Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines beginning on page 15. City of Dublin Page 7 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~I ~~~ ~ 1. Project description: Adoption of the Draft Climate Action Plan. 2. Lead agency: City of Dublin 3. Contact persons: Roger Bradley, Senior Administrative Analyst, 925-833-6650 4. Project location: City-wide 5. Project sponsor: City of Dublin ~ 6. General Plan designation: Various 7. Zoning: Various 8. Other public agency required approvals: None City of Dublin Page 8 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ isl Exhibit l. Regional Context ~5 ~ San `, Francisco ~'acif~c C)cean 0 " 10 Miles ~----- ~ ;; ~--- ~ , '~ Detail ~ '~ E ' ~' ~-. i~ \ ~ ~. _ ~~, ~~~ ; ; California`,; `.__-_~, aa San ° Francisco Bay Santa \Cruz ProJect site I~ivermore Tracy Sr~l~ I~C1S~ c;iry ot Uublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 9 October 2010 q~~~~ i~i Exhibit 2. City of Dublin context City of Dublin Page 10 Initiai Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~ i~~ ~ Environmental Factors Potentially Affected The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a"potentially significant impact" as indicated by the checklist on the following pages. - Aesthetics - Agricultural - Air Quality Resources - Biological Resources - Cultural Resources - Geology/Soils - Greenhouse Gas - Hazards and - Hydrolo~y/Water Emissions Hazardous Materials Quality - Land Use/ Planrung - Mineral Resources - Noise - Population/ - Public Services - Recreation Housing - Transportation/ - Utilities/Service - Mandatory Findings Circulation Systems of Significance DetermiIIatioII (to be completed by Lead Agency): On the basis of this initial evaluation: . X I find that the proposed project could not have a significant effect on the environment and a Negative Declaration will be prepared. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because the mitigation measures described on an attached sheet have been added to the project. A Mitigated Negative Declaration will be prepared. _I find that although the proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on earlier analysis as described on the attached sheets, if the effect is a"potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless mitigated." An Environmental Impact Report is required, but must only analyze the effects that remain to be addressed. _ I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed on the proposed project. Signature: I Printed Name: Date: a ~ ~ For: City of Dublin Page 11 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ ~s~ Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 1) A brief explanation is required for all answers except "no impact" answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites in the parenthesis following each question. A"no impact" answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g. the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A"no impact" answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general factors (e.g. the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a proj ect-specific screening analysis). 2) In some instances, an "LS, Less-than-Significant Impact" response may reflect that a specific environmental topic has been analyzed in a previous CEQA document and appropriate mitigation measures have been included in a previous CEQA document to reduce this impact to a less-than-significant level. In a few instances, some previously analyzed topics have been deternuned to be significant and unavoidable and mitigation of such impact to a less-than-significant level is not feasible. In approving the previous CEQA document, the City of Dublin adopted a Statement of Overriding Considerations. For existing or approved programs included in the proposed Draft CAP, the CAP will not result in any change. Therefore, since such environmental impacts have been adequately analyzed under prior adopted CEQA environmental documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any new impacts, no further analysis of these impacts are required under this document. 3) All answers must take account of the whole action, including off-site as well as on-site, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational impacts. 4) "Potentially Significant Impact" is appropriate if there is substantial evidence that an effect is significant. If there are one or more "potentially significant impact" entries when the determination is made, an EIR is required. 5) "Negative Declaration: Less-Than-Significant Unless Mitigation Incorporated" implies elsewhere the incorporation of mitigation measures has reduced an effect from "potentially significant effect" to a"less than significant impact." The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level. Environmental Impacts (Note: Source of determination listed in parenthesis. See listing of sources used to determine each potential impact at the end of the checklist). City of Dublin Page 12 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 201 ~ ~~~ ; ~~ i ~ Earlier Analyses Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to tiering, a program EIR, or other CEQA process, one or more effects have been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration. Reference CEQA Guidelines Section 15063(c)(3)(d). Portions of the environmental analysis for this Initial Study refer to information contained in one or more of the EIlZs or NDs listed below. This Initial Study will not analyze the impacts of existing or approved programs included in the Draft CAP which have already undergone their own environmental review. The Draft CAP does not propose any General Plan or applicable Specific Plan land use changes, any rezoning of properties, or changes in the intensity or density of development. The environmental impacts from these types of activities are already addressed by the CEQA environmental review approved by the City relating to these actions. The environmental analysis of the Draft CAP will only focus on the new policies or changes in policies that will be implemented as a result of the Draft CAP. o Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan EIR (SCH # 91103064), certified by City Council Resolution No. 51-93 on May 10, 1993. • Downtown Core Specific Plan Mitigated Negative Declaration, adopted by City Council Resolution No. 226-00 on December 19, 2000. • West Dublin BART Specific Plan Mitigated Negative Declaration, adopted by City Council Resolution No. 227-00 on December 19, 2000. • Dublin Transit Center Supplemental EIR (SCH # 20011200395), certified by City Council Resolution I~'o. 215-02 on November 19, 2002. • Dublin Ranch West Supplemental EIR (SCH # 2003022082), certified by City Council Resolution No. 42-OS on March 15, 2005. • Fallon Village Project Supplemental EIR (SCH # 2005062010), certified by City Council Resolution No. 225-OS on December 6, 2005 • Mission Peak/Fallon Crossing Mitigated Negative Declaration, adopted by City Council Resolution No. 71-06 on May 16, 2006. • Vargas Project Mitigated Negative Declaration, adopted by City Council Resolution No. 57-OS on May 1, 2007. • Casamira Valley/Moller Ranch Supplemental EIR (SCH # 2005052146), certified by City Council Resolution No. 56-07 on May, 1 2007. • City of Dublin Bikeways Master Plan Mitigated Negative Declaration, adopted by City Council Resolution No. 133-07 on July 17, 2007. ~iry or uubim Page 13 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ is~ ~ These documents are incorporated herein by reference and are available for public review at the Dublin Community Development Department, 100 Civic Plaza, during normal business hours. All these documents are collectively referred to in this Initial Study as "Adopted CEQA Documents." City of Dublin Page 14 Initiai Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~',~~~,, /s/ i ~ ~, Note: A full discussion of each item is found following the checklist. 1. Aesthetics. Would the project: a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? (Sources: 1-9) b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including but not limited to trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway. (Sources: l -9) c) Substantially degrade the existing visual characte or quality of the site and its surroundings? (Sources: 1-9) d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? (Sources: 1-9) 2. Agricultural Resources Would the project: a) Convert Prime Farn~land, Unique Farmland or Farmland of Statewide Importance, as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farn~land Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to a non- agricultural use? (Sources: 1-9) b) Conflict with existing zoning for agriculture use, or a Williamson Act contract? (Sources: 1-9) c) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of farmland to a non- agricultural use? (Sources: 1-9) 3. Air Quality (Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district may be relied on to make the following determinatioris). Would the project.• a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? (Sources: 1-9) b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? (Sources: 1-9) Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X ~ r City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 15 October 2010 ~'~ 15/ c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors? (Sources: l-9) d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? (Sources: 1-9) e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? (Sources: 1-9) 4: Biological Resources. Would the project a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? (Sources: 1-9). b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or reg-ional plans, policies or regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife , Service? (Sources: 1-9) c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected werlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption or other means? (Sources: 1-9) d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migrato .ry wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? (Sources: 1-9) e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as tree protection ordinances? (Sources: 1-9) Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 16 October 2010 I~o ~~ ~~~ fl Conflict with the provision of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan or other approved local, regional or state habitat conservation plan? (Sources: l -9) 5. Cultural Resources. Would the project a) Cause a substantial adverse impact in the significance of a historical resource as defined in Sec. 15064.5? (Sources: 1-9) b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archeological resource pursuant to Sec. 15064.5 (Sources: 1-9) c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource, site or unique geologic feature? (Sources: 1-9) d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of a formal cemetery? (1-9) 6. Geology and Soils. Would the project a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a lrnown earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist or based on other substantial evidence of a lrnown fault (1-9) ii) Strong seismic ground shaking (Sources: 1-9) iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? ((Sources: 1-9) iv) Landslides? (Sources: 1-9) b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? (Sources: 1-9) c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction ar similar hazards (Sources: l-9) d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? (Sources: 1-9) Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~iry or uunun initial Study/Ciimate Action Plan ~ Page 17 October 2010 !aI a~~ ~~~~ l ~ e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or Option wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? (Sources: 1-9) 7. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Would the project: a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? b) Conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation of an agency adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gasses? 8. Hazards and Hazardous Materials. Would the project: a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use or disposal of hazardous materials? ((Sources: 1-9) b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? ((Sources: 1-9) c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous materials or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? ((Sources: 1-9) d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Sec. 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? (Sources: 1-9, 11) e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted within two miles of a public airport of public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? ((Sources: 1-9) fl For a project within the vicinity of private airstrip, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? (Sources: 1-9) g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with the adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? (Sources: 1-9) , City of Dublin Initiai Study/Climate Action Plan Potentialiy Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X X Page 18 October 2010 i~~~~~ ~s~ ~~ h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk o loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? (Sources: 1-9) 9. Hydrology and Water Quality. Would the project: a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? (Sources: 1-9) b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g. the production rate of existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which pernuts have been granted? (1-9) c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? ((Sources: 1-9) d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or areas, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site? ((Sources: 1-9) e) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? (Sources: 1-9) fl Otherwise substantially degrade water quality? (Sources: l-9) g) Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood delineation map? (Sources: 1-9) ; City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan ' Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Mitigation Less than Significant Impact No Impact f X X X X X X X X Page 19 October 2010 ~b~ ~~ I~~ h) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures which would impede or redirect flood flows? ((Sources: 1-9, 13) n Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, and death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? ((Sources: 1-9) j) Inundation by seiche, tsunami or mudflow? (1-9) 10. Land Use and Planning. Would the project: a) Physically divide an established community? ((Sources: 1-9) b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the proj ect (including but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? (Sources: 1- 9) c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? (Sources: 1-9) 11. Mineral Resources. Would the project a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? (Sources: 1-9) b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local General Plan, specific plan or other land use plan? ((Sources: l-9) 12. Noise. Would the proposal result in: a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? (1-9) b) Exposure of persons or to generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? (Sources: 1-9) c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above existing levels without the project? (Sources: 1-9) Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X X X City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan . ~'age LU October 2010 ~b~~~ e~~ d) A substantial temporary or penodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project? (1-9) e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public us airport, would the project expose people residin or working n the project area to excessive noise levels? ((Sources: 1-9) fl For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? ((Sources: 1-9) 13. Population and Housing. Would the project a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? (Sources: 1-9) b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? (Sources: 1-9) c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement of housing elsewhere? (Sources: 1-9) 14. Public Services. Would the proposal: a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered government facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, r,esponse times or other performance objectives for any of the public services? ((Sources: 1-9) Fire protection Police protection Schools Parks Other public facilities Solid Waste Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X X X X e g City of Dubiin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 21 October 2010 ~ b~ +~~ ~ 15. Recreation: a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated (Sources: 1-9, 12) b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of . recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? ((Sources: 1-9, 12) 16. Transportation and Traffc. Would the project: a) Cause an increase in traffic which is substantial in relation to the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system (i.e. result in a substantial increase in either the number of vehicle trips, the volume to capacity ratio on roads or congestion at intersections)? (Sources: 1-9) b) Exceed, either individually or cumulatively, a level of service standard established by the County Congestion Management Agency for designated roads or highways? (Sources: 1-9) c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety nsks? (Sources: 1-9) d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g. sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses, such as farm equipment? (Sources: 1-9) e) Result in inadequate emergency access? (1-9) fl Result in inadequate parking capacity? (1-9) g) Conflict with adopted policies, plans or programs supporting Option transportation (such as bus turnouts and bicycle facilities) (Sources: 1-9) Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti arion Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X X City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Nage ZZ October 2010 C~~~ ~~~ ~ 17. Utilities and Service Systems. Would the project a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? (Sources: 1-9) b) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? ((Sources: 1-9, 10) c) Require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? (Sources: 1-9) d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing water entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? (Sources: 1-9, 10) e) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the proj ect's proj ected demand in addition to the providers existing commitments? (1-9) fl Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project's solid waste disposal needs? (Sources: 1-9) g) Comply with federal, state and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? (Sources: 1-9) 18. Mandatory Findings of Significance. a) Does the project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number of or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate irnportant examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miri ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X X X X X X X Giry ot Uublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 23 October 2010 lb`~~ I~~ b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? ("Cumulatively considerable" rneans that the incremental effects of a proj ect are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current proj ects and the effects of probable future projects). c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Potenrially Significant Impact Less Than Significant With Miti ation Less than Significant Impact No Impact X X Sources used to determine potential environmental impacts 1) Eastern Dublin ~eneral Plan Amendment and Specific Plan EIR 2) Downtown Core Specific Plan Mitigated Negative Declaration 3) West Dublin BART Specific Plan Mitigated Negative Declaration 4) Dublin Transit Center Supplemental EIR 5) Dublin Ranch West Supplemental EIR 6) Mission Peak/Fallon Crossing Mitigated Negative Declaration 7) Vargas Project Mitigated Negative Declaration 8) Casmir Valley/Muller Ranch Supplemental EIR 9) Fallon Village Project Supplemental EIR 10) Dublin General Plan, City of Dublin 11) Final Urban Water Management Plan, 2005 Update 12) California Deparhnent of Toxic Substances Control, website, October 2009 13) Parks and Recreation Master Plan, City of Dublin, 2004 update 14) City of Dublin Bikeways Master Plan, City of Dublin, 2007 City of Dublin Initial Study/Climate Action Plan Page 24 October 2010 :. ~~~ ;~;,~ ; : c~r 4::~§ ~~ ~~ Attachment to Initial Study Discussion of Checklist Legend PS: Potentially Significant LS/M: Less Than Significant After Mitigation LS: Less Than Significant Impact NI: No Impact 1. Aesthetics Proiect Impacts a-c) Have a substantial adverse impact on a scenic vista, damage scenic vistas (including a scenic highway) or substantially degrade the visual character of a site? LS. Proposed measures in the Draft CAP encourage the installation of photovoltaic (PV) panels on homes and businesses in the City to provide alternative sources of energy. PV panels could be placed on rooftops, which could potentially alter scenic views. Installation of these panels would require Building review and approval. Typically PV panels are placed on existing homes, which have undergone a review process to ensure that they don't impact scenic vistas within the City. The impact would be less- than significant. All other potentially significant impacts on scenic views would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CA.P will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. d) Create light or glare? LS. Implementation of the Draft CAP would not result in the development of major light sources, although installation of PV panels on homes and businesses is encouraged to reduce Dublin's dependence on energy sources that produce GHGs. PV panels are specifically designed to absorb, not reflect sunlight. Thus their placement and orientation on individual properties would not adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area or create light or glare. All other potentially significant impacts due to light or glare would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAl' will not result in any change in these. policies or programs. The environment impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said City of Dublin Page 25 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 I~~ ~~I ~ environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/prograxns, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. 2. Agricultural Resources . Project Impacts a-c) Convert Prime Farmlancl, conflict with agricultural zoning or convert prime farmland to a non-agricultural use? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Agricultural Resources would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. 3. Air Quality Project Impacts a) Would the project conflict or obstruct implementation of an air quality plan? LS. The purpose of the Draft CAP is to reduce GHG emissions within the City to help contribute to global efforts to reduce the effects of climate change. Measures within the Draft CAP include improving energy efficiency in buildings, using renewable energy, developing bicycle facilities, enhancing public transit and promoting smart growth principles, such as transit-oriented development and mixed-use projects. In addition to reducing GHG emissions, each of the measures noted above would help to reduce criteria air pollutants and would not conflict with or obstruct the Bay Area Air Quality Management District's Air Quality Plan. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less- than-significant impact. b,c) YYould the project violate any dir quality or greenhouse gas emission standards or result in cumulatively considerable air pollutants? LS. See item (a) above for greenhouse gas emissions. All potentially significant impacts due to emissions of other criteria pollutants would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. However, some of the measures included in the Draft CAP would result in a reduction in the emissions of other criteria pollutants, especially from measures that reduce emissions from vehicles. City of Dublin Nage zti Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 llD ~~ 1 Sl d) Expose sensitive receptors to significant pollutant concentrations? LS. All potentially significant impacts due to exposure of sensitive receptors to pollutants would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs; no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. e) Create objectionable odors? NI. The Project does not propose strategies or measures that would directly or indirectly result in the creation of objectionable odors. Therefore, there would be no impact. 4. Biological Resources Project Impacts a-c) Have a substantial adverse impact on a candidate, sensitive, special-status species riparian habitat or wetlands? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Biological Resources would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. d) Interfere with movement of native fish or wildlife species? LS. See items (a-c) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. e, fl Conflict with local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources or any adopted Habitat Conservation Plans or Natural Community Conservation Plans? LS. See items (a-c) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. 5. Cultural Resources Project Impacts a) Cause substantial adverse change to significant historic resources? LS. Ail potentially significant impacts on Cultural Resources would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Dra$ CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been City of Dublin Page 27 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~II~ ~~l ~ analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b-d) Cause a substantial adverse impact or destYUCtion to archeological or paleontological resources, or human remains that may be interred outside of a formal cemetery? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. 6. Geology and Soils Project Im~acts a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse impacts, including loss, injury or death related to ground rupture, seismic ground shaking, ground failure, oY landslides? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Geology and Soils would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Is the site subject to substantial erosion and/or the loss of topsoil? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. c-d) Is the site located on soil that is unstable or expansive and that could result in potential lateral spreading, liquefaction, landslide or collapse? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than siguficant impact. e) Have soils incapable of supporting on-site septic tanks if sewers are not available? NI. All new structures are required by the City of Dublin to connect to the local sewer system, maintained by the Dublin San Ramon Services District. No impacts would therefore result with regard to septic systems. 7. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Project Impacts a) Generate GHGs, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? NI. Implementation of strategies and measures within the Draft CAP would result in annual community-wide GHG emission reductions of approximately 99,000 metric tons COze by 2020, which includes the reduction measures within the Draft CAP as well as implementation of regional and State initiatives such as Renewable Portfolio Standards and AB 1493 (Pavley). Implementation of the Draft City of Dublin Page 28 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan ~ October 2010 II~~~ i~I ~ CAP would therefore directly and indirectly reduce community-wide GHGs, which will have a beneficial impact on the environment. There would be no significant adverse impact due to GHGs. b) Conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation of an agency adoptecl for the purpose of Yeducing the e~nissions of GHGs? NI. California has adopted a wide variety of regulations aimed at reducing the State's GHG emissions. AB 32, the Califomia Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, requires California to reduce statewide GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. AB 32 directs ARB to develop and implement regulations that reduce statewide GHG emissions. The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) was approved by ARB in December 2008 and outlines the State's plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. The Scoping Plan contains the primary strategies California will implement to achieve a reduction of 169 MM C02e, or approximately 30% from the State's projected 2020 emissions level. In the Scoping Plan, ARB encourages local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations and move toward establishing similar goals for the community emissions that parallel the State commitment to reduce GHGs. Dublin's Draft CAP articulates the City's intentions with respect to reducing community-wide GHG emissions in a manner to promote AB 32 and to reduce the impact of potential future GHG emissions to less-than significant cumulative impact under CEQA. Implementation of ineasures proposed within the Draft CAP would result in annual community-wide GHG emission reductions of approximately 46,737 MT C02e by 2020. Additionally, implementation of statewide initiatives (Renewable Portfolio Standards and Assembly Bill 1493) would result in annual GHG emission reductions of an additional 52,263 MT COae. The Draft CAP measures combined with the statewide initiatives would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 MT C02e and would be consistent with AB 32 Scoping Plan recommendations. As of this writing, there are no adopted regional or local plans, policies or regulations other than the , Scoping Plan and the City's Draft CAP which are designed to reduce emissions of GHGs. There would be no impact. 8. Hazards and Hazardous Materials Project Impacts a) Create significant hazards to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use or disposal hazardous materials? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Hazards and Hazardous Materials would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. City of Dublin Page 29 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 I~~~ I~l ~ b, c) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accidental conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment or emit hazardous materials or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances or wastes within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. Any impact due to potential hazardous release through retrofit of existing buildings would be reduced to less-than significant through compliance with all applicable regulations regarding hazardous materials. d) Be listed on a site that is included on a list of hazardous materials sites complied on the Cortese List and, as a result, would create a significant hazard to tlze public or environment? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. e, fl Is the site located within an airport land use plan of a public airport or private airstrip? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. g) Interference with an emergency evacuation plan? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. h) Expose people and structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires or where residences are intermixed with wilcllands? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. 9. Hydrology and Water Quality Project Impacts a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Hydrology and Water Quality would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Substantially deplete groundwater recharge areas or lowering of water table? I~TI. The primary source of water to development projects is imported surface water supplied by DSRSD and Zone 7. Neither DSRSD nor Zone 7 relies upon local groundwater. There would be no impact with lowering of the water table or reducing the amount of groundwater recharge areas. City of Dublin Page 3U Initial Study/Climate Action Plan ~ October 2010 If~~ 15~ ~ c) Substantially alter drainage patterns, including streambed courses such that substantial siltation or erosion would occur? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. d,e) Substantially alter drainage patterns or result in flooding, either on or off the project site, create stormwater runoff that would exceed the capacity of drainage systems or add substantial amounts ofpolluted runoff? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. fl Substantially degrade water quality? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. g-i) Place housing within a 100 year flood hazard area as mapped by a Flood Insurance Rate Map, or impede or redirect flood flow, including dam failure? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. j) Result in inundation by seiche, tsunami or mudflows? NI. There are expected to be no impacts with regard to seiche, tsunami or mudflows, since projects would be located inland from major bodies of water. 10. Land Use and Planning Project Impacts a) Physically divide an established community? 1VI. The programs and policies in the Draft CAP are consistent with the City General Plan. Construction of future projects (including mixed-use development, transit-oriented development and new bike facilities) under the auspices of the Draft CAP would proceed based on the Dublin General Plan and other land use regulatory documents, including applicable Specific Plans and the Dublin Transit Center Stage 1 Development Plan and would not physically divide an established community. Additionally, the Draft CAP includes measures to improve connectivity within Dublin and to promote alternative transportation methods. The Draft CAP does not recommend any measures that would physically divide the community. No impacts are anticipated. b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy or regulation? NI. No amendments are required to the Dublin General Plan and no rezonings are required. Future developments anticipated in the Draft CAP are required to obtain the required permits, such as subdivision maps, Site Development Review permits, building permits and potent~ally other permits from the City of Dublin. c) Conflict with a habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? NI. No such plan has been adopted within the City of Dublin. There would therefore be no impact to a habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan. City of Dublin Page 31 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 Il~~' I~~ ~ 11. Mineral Resources Project Impacts a, b) Result in the loss of availability of regionally or locally significant mineral resources? rtI. No impacts would occur to any mineral resources, since no such resources are identified in Dublin in the Dublin General Plan. 12. Noise Project Impacts a) Would the project expose persons or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established by the General Plan or other applicable standards? LS. While the Draft CAP does not recommend any strategy or measure that would generate excessive amounts of noise, construction activity associated with energy efficiency retrofits and installing solar panels in residential and commercial buildings could possibly result in temporary increases in noise. The noise from these activities is expected to be minimal and less than-significant. Construction activities will be required to conform to any applicable project Conditions of Approval and the General Plan policies to reduce noise to ensure that these impacts are less-than significant. All other potentially significant impacts due to noise would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any changes in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Exposure of people to excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? LS. It is unlikely that implementation of ineasures within the Draft CAP to perform energy retrofits on existing homes or install solar panels would result in significant levels of vibration, since normal construction methods would be used. No impacts are anticipated with regard to this topic. All other potentially significant impacts due to groundborne vibration or noise would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The envirorunental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. City of Dublin Page 32 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 11~L~ J~i c,d) Substantial permanent or temporary increases in ambient noise levels? LS. Implementation of the Draft CAP could cause a temporary. increase in ambient noise levels as a result of construction activities to perform energy retrofits on existing homes or install solar panels. The noise from these activities is expected to be minimal and less-than significant. Construction activities will be required to confonn to any applicable project Conditions of Approval and the General Plan policies to reduce noise to ensure that these impacts are less than significant. All other potentially significant impacts on Noise would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. e, fl Be located within an airport land use plan area, within two miles of a public or private airport or airstrip? LS. A number of parcels within the City are located in the General Airport Referral Area for Livermore Municipal Airport, located south of Interstate 580 within the City of Livermore. Applicable projects within this area are required to be referred to the Alameda County Airport Land Use Commission for a consistency determination with the Alameda County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan. The Alameda County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan adopted the California Office of Noise Control noise exposure standards for residential uses, which is generally consistent with City of Dublin noise standards. All potentially significant impacts due to airport noise would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or. approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. 13. Population and Housing Project Impacts a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly or indirectly? LS. Implementation of the Draft CAP would not cause substantial population growth in Dublin, since anticipated dwellings are currently included in the Dublin General Plan. This would be a less-than significant impact. . All potentially significant impacts due to population increase would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and c:iry ot uublm Page 33 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~ I~l ~ programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b,c) Would the project displace substantial numbers of existing housing units ot- people requiring replacement housing? LS. The Draft CAP strategies and measures would not result in the displacement of a substantial number of homes or people. This would be a less-than significant impact. 14. Public Services Environmental Impacts a) Fire protection? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Public Services would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Police protection? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. c) Schools? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. d) Maintenance of public facilities, including r.oads? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. e) Solid waste generation? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. Also, the Draft CAP contains programs and policies that would reduce solid waste generation. 15. Recreation Project Impacts • a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood or regional parks? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Recreation would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these City of Dublin Page 34 initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 If~ ~~ ~ 51 policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Does the project include recYeational facilities or require the construction of recreational facilities? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. 16. Transportation/Traffic Project Impacts a, b) Cause an increase in traffic which is substantial relative to existing traffic load and street; or exceed LOS standards established by the County CMA for designated roads? LS. Implementation of the Draft CAP measures would increase the availability of transit service for Dublin residents, add additional bicycle facilities and discourage single-occupancy vehicle use. Achieving each of these goals would result in a reduction in traffic loads, which would reduce the number of vehicle trips, volume to capacity ratio, and intersection congestion within the City. New mixed-use and transit-oriented development projects would be designed to reduce vehicle trips and place more people within walking distance of commercial uses and public transit. ~'urthermore, no proposed measure in the Draft CAP would directly increase traffic in relation to the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system. Additionally, impacts of local and regional traffic from development projects have been analyzed in the previous CEQA documents adopted by the City and are identified in the Earlier Analysis section of this document. All other potentially significant impacts on Transportation/Traffic would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. c) Result in a change of air traff c patterns? 1~1I. The Draft CAP does not include any strategy or measure that would directly or indirectly affect air traffic patterns. There would be no impact. d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature or incompatible use? LS. The Draft CAP does not include any strategy or measure that would promote the development of hazardous design features or incompatible uses. Additionally, future projects that would be proposed in Dublin will be reviewed by City of Dublin staff to ensure that City public works and engineering standards are met and no traffic or City of Dublin Page 35 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 [~ ~ 1~~ ~ transportation design hazards would be created. This would be a less-than-significant impact. e) Result in inadequate emergency access? LS. No strategy or measure proposed in the Draft CAP would result in the development of uses or facilities that would degrade emergency access; therefore, the impact would be less-than significant with regard to emergency access. f, g) Inadequate parking capacity or hazards to pedestrians or bicyclists? LS. The Draft CAP includes measures that would reduce the demand for automobile parking in favor of biking, carpooling and public transit. New mixed-use and transit-oriented development projects would be designed to support the use of alternative transit, potentially reducing parking requirements and supply both collectively and within individual projects. It is unlikely that that future projects pursuant to the Draft CAP would contribute, to inadequate parking capacity within the City. This would be a less- than-significant impact. All other potentially significant impacts due. to parking capacity or hazards to pedestrians or bicyclists would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. 17. Utilities and Service Systems Project Impacts a) Exceed wastewatet- treatment requirements of the RWQCB? LS. All potentially significant impacts on Utilities and Service Systems would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document b) Require new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. c) Require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant City of Dublin Page 36 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 / ,,JJ p (/~ ~ . ~. ~ ~}~f" ~ / 5~ environmental effects? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. d) Are sufficient water supplies available? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. e) Adequate wastewater capacity to serve the proposed project? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. f, g) Solid waste disposal? LS. See item (a) above. Implementation of the Draft CAP would result in a less-than significant impact. 18. Mandatory Findings of Signi~cance a) Does the project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the Izabitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number of or restrict the Yange of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? LS. The preceding analysis indicates that the proposed Project would not have a significant adverse impact on cultural resources or have the potential to restrict the range of rare or endangered species, beyond impacts previously identified. All potentially significant impacts in this area would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? ("Cumulatively considerable" means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects and the effects of probable future projects). LS. Cumulative impacts of the proposed Project have been analyzed in previous CEQA documents as identified in the Earlier Analysis section of this Initial Study_ All ~ potentially significant cumulative impacts would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Document and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. City of Dublin Page 37 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ai~i~'~I c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? LS. Based on the preceding Initial Study, no substantial effects to human beings, either directly or indirectly have been identified. Any potentially significant impacts on human beings would result from development or activities in accordance with existing or approved policies and programs included in the proposed Climate Action Plan. The Draft CAP will not result in any change in these policies or programs. The environmental impacts of these policies and programs were analyzed in the related Adopted CEQA Documents. Since said environmental impacts have been analyzed under the Adopted CEQA Documents and the Draft CAP will not result in any changes to these policies/programs, no further analysis of these impacts are required in this document. Initial Study Preparer Martha Aj a, Environmental Specialist Agencies and Organizations Consulted The following agencies and organizations were contacted in the course of this Initial Study: City of Dublin Jeff Baker, Planning Manager Roger Bradley, Senior Administrative Analyst Tim Cremin, City Attorney's Office Jordan Figueiredo, Environmental Technician Chris Foss, Assistant City Manager Jeri Ram, Community Development Director References Eastern Dublin General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan ElR (SCH # 91103064, May 10, 1993. Downtown Core Specific Plan Miti~ated Ne~ative Declaration, December 19, 2000. Dublin Transit Center Supplemental E]R (SCH # 20011200395), November 19, 2002 Dublin Ranch West Supplemental EIR, (SCH # 2003022082), March 15, 2005. Final Urban Water Mana~ement Plan, 2005 Update, Dublin San Ramon Services District, May 2005 Mission Peak/Fallon Crossing Mitigated Ne~ative Declaration, May 16, 2006. City of Dublin ~ F~age ~rs Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 I:~~~~ ~1~I ~. Var as Proiect Miti~ated Negative Declaration, May l, 2007. Casamira Valley/Moller Ranch Supplemental EIR (SCH# 2005052146), May 1, 2007. Fallon Villa~Project Supplemental E1R (SCH # 2005062010), March 4, 2008. Dublin General Plan, City of Dublin, Updated through 9/14/06 Parks and Recreation Master Plan, City of Dublin, 2004 update Bikeways Master Plan, City of Dublin, June 2007 City of Dublin Page 39 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ CITY OF DUBLIN NEGATIVE DECLARATION Project Title: City of Dublin Climate Action Plan (CAP) Description of Project: The proposed project is the adoption of the Draft CAP, a document that provides policies and measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City of Dublin. The goal of the Draft CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below a business as usual scenario by 2020 which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020. The Draft CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. The Draft CAP describes baseline GHG emissions produced in Dublin in 2005, and projects GHG emissions that could be expected if the Draft CAP is not implemented. The City expects the reduction to be achieved by a combination of the reduction measures included in the Draft CAP and State initiatives, such as Renewable Portfolio Standard and Assembly Bill 1493 (Pavley). Project Location: City-wide applicability. Name of Proponent: City of Dublin . Attn: Martha Aj a, Environmental Specialist City Manager's Office/Environmental Services 100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, CA 94568 Determination: I hereby find that although the above project could not have a significant effect on the environment and a NEGATNE DECLARATION is hereby approved. __--- /~ t o Roger Bradley enior Adininistrative Analyst Date Copies of the Initial Study documenting the reasons to support the above finding are available at the City of Dublin, City Manager's Office, 100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, CA 94568, or by calling (925) 833-6650. Attachrnents Date Published: Date Posted: Date Notice Mailed: Considered by: On: N.O.D. filed: __ Council Resolution No. City of Dublin Page 40 Initial Study/Climate Action Plan October 2010 o~/~~°`• -~"„';~ s COUNTY OF ALAMEDA ~ PUBLIC WORKS AGENCY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT 951 Turner Court, Room 100 ~UBL{C Hayward, CA 94545-2698 ~,' `' WORKS (510) 670-6601 es~Urces FAX (510) 670-5269 July 27, 2010 Martha Aj a City of Dublin 100 Civic Plaza Dublin, CA 94568 Dear Ms. Aja: ~~~~' ~~ ,.x.,. t.,_._.~'~ ~~~~~ 1 ~.: =2_~. G~~ ~~ ~:~_~.,,;&a~;j~~ ~-;!J~ d `_? Z[-~~.; pp/`;(i~1•- ~~.{ A Y 1~t`!:11}f.-i~~ri~i1'i.'~.~~i~6 i~IR Subject: Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration for Dublin Climate Action Plan (CAP) Reference is made to your transmittal of a copy of Draft Initial Study and Negative Declaration for the adoption of the Draft Climate Action Plan, a document that provide policies and measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City of Dublin. We have reviewed the submitted documents and have no comments to offer at this time. If you have any questions, please call me at (510) 670-5209. Very truly yours, ~-~/ R s e De Leon , A si E gineer Development Services Department /RDL E~HtB[T B TO ATTACHMENT 3 rQ~G 1 V1 1 J~~~'~A r~'~I Martha Aja ~ _ ___ _. _ _ From: Diane Lowart Sent: Wednesday, August 04, 2010 9:43 AM To: Martha Aja Subject: Clirnate Action Plan Martha: Thank you for the opportunity to review the Negative Declaration for the Dublin Clirnate Action Plan. For the record, I have no comments. Diane Lowart Parks & Community Services Director City of Dublin 8/4/2010 Au~_ ~, 2;~;i, q. ~~Ffv1 ~~~V~., _ 1;~~ P, ~ •~------~ ~ ~~~~~ISI -~ox s~~yfc ~ ~ h~ d DUBLIN $ .~a 7U51 bu6lin ~oulcvard SAN RAMON ~ ~ DuDlin, CaliFornia 94668 P 'y Phone; 925 828 0515 SERVICES ~t„~ if,£~?on,,,;~, , t+AJi: 925 829 1180 bTST12ICT ~~1 ` `st1VCE 1953i ~l tw~~i~.dsrsd.com Augusf ~, 2010 Martha Aj~, LnviroiuTiental Specia.list City of ]~ublin - City Manager's Oftice 100 Civic plaza l~ublin, CA 94568 SuUject: Notice of Intent to Adopt a Ne~ativc Decla~•ation f~r the Dablin Clim~te Action Plnu (CAP) Dear Ms. Aja: T~laI]I~ ~'OLI f~l' t~2~ Op~OI"tllIllt~' t0 COIIlIIlel]t OIl tlle ~I~OVe 5i1~~eCt CIOCU121211~. Tlle D1.1~711h Sail Raanon Services ]~istrict (DSI2SD) has reviewed the Di~aft Clim:3te Aetion Plan (CAP) and h~3s t~ie foll~wing e~mtnerit. Tlae acti.oxzs i~i t1~e A~aft CAP, ~vhich prim~rily ~ddresses greenhouse gas (CrHCr) ernissions, will 1~ot mlteria]I~ affect DSRSI) or its opeiatzoz~s, Never~theless, bSRSb is in favor of the actoption af tl~e Draf~ CAP in oicier to ensure tl~e Cify of Dr~Ulii~, aclequate~y adclresses the issue of CxT~G~ en~ssioiis. ]~SI2SD will continue to work with the City of Dubliii to iliutually provicle ser~~ices to oui• customers and residerits while protecting our va.lu3ble enviroiunent. Th~,il:, you ;~ot tl~e opportunity to review the Draft Clirnate Action 1'1an. rf you h~ve any quesfions regardiiag JJSRSA's co7~-u~.tients, p~ease contact me at (925) 875-2253. Si~~cerely, ,. STANLEY LODZI Associa.te ~ngineer SK/st cc; Da~ve Requa UubIIn S¢n h~unon Sen~cn: Dielricl ie a P~~blie Enti6• H;\ENaD~E71\GkQ~WOT to adopl: NegDeo for tha AuUI~ Cllmala Aclion Plan wue 2olo,doc 081'05;'2010 THLI 1,~ 99 ~T~;:'~u t~n ~~nn i r.?~ nni ~j ;: s BAY AREA AI R C~UAL ITY MANAGEMENT D I S T R I C T S INCE 1955 ALAMEDA COUNTY Tom Bates (Vice-Chairperson) Scott Haggerty Jennifer Hosterman Nate Miley CONTRA COSTA COUNTY John Gioia (Secretary) David Hudson Mark Ross Gayle B. Uilkema MARIN COUNTY Harold C. Brown, Jr. NAPA COUNTY Brad Wagenknecht (Chairperson) SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY Chris Daly Eric Mar Gavin Newsom SAN MATEO COUNTY Carol Klatt Carole Groom SANTA CLARA COUNTY Susan Garner Ash Kalra Liz Kniss Ken Yeager SOLANO COUNTY James Spering SONOMA COUNTY Shirlee Zane Pamela Torliatt Jack P. Broadbent . EXECUTIVE OFFICER/APCO 7! y\Cdy~ °~~isro Gree~~J 1~-`1~~(~l August 5, 2010 Martha Aj a City Manager's Office 100 Civic Plaza Dublin, CA 94568 Subject: Draft Dublin Cliinate Action Plan Dear Martha Aja: ~~u€~g~~~ J~ E~i k `:! ~~ ~~~~!r@~? A~JG ~ '~ Z(~1Q ~{~ ; k EFf~~,~°:1'~~4L,~Lt~c.^ ~~qt°~°fF.r~ Bay Area Air Quality Management District (District) staff reviewed the City's Draft Climate Action Plan (CAP) a11d the Draft Negative Declaration. We understand that the project is the adoption of the CAP, a document that provides policies and measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City. The goal of the CAP is to reduce the City's communitywide GHG emissions by 25% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020. The CAP describes the baseline GHG emissions produced in Dublin in 2005 and estimates GHG emissions in 2020 that could be expected if the CAP is not implemented. The City expects emission reductions to be achieved by a range of ineasures under the City's control, coupled with state initiatives aimed at reducing GHG emissions. The District applauds the City's proactive approach to reducing GHG emissions and supports its efforts in developing the CAP. Further, the District believes a Qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, as in this case the City's CAP, is an effective and efficient strategy to address GHG emissions. We offer our assistance towards ensuring the CAP meets the City of Dublin's goals and the District's standard elements of a Qualified GHG Reduction Strategy set forth in our recently updated CEQA Guidelines (June, 2010). The District has the following specific comments on the CAP. Baseline GHG Emissions Inventorv The methodology used by the City is not consistent with the District's recommended methodology for quantifying a plan's GHG emission inventory and therefore should not be compared to the District's significance threshold to determine the significance of the CAP's GHG impacts as is stated in the City's Negative Declaration. (BAAQMD CEQA Air Quality Guidelines, at page 9-3; Draft Negative Declaration at page 6.) To clarify, the CAP should be designed by following the District's recommended methodology and thus meet the District's criteria of a Qualified GHG Reduction Strategy. ~ ~ ,r~^ ~f~ ~r.fi ~-~if'Clfifi~l~' ~-t'e~ rhe Air Disfrict is a Certified Green Business Printed using soy-based inks on 100% post-consumer ~ecycled content paper 939 ELLIS STREET • SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA S41O9 • 415.771.6000 • iNWW.BAAQMD.GOV lag~ I~J Martha Aja - 2- Au st 5, 20~0 ~ The District recoinmends the CAP's emissions inventory account, at a minimum, for municipal and coirununitywide emissions from the following sectors: l. Transportation 2. Commercial 3. Industrial 4. Residential 5. Solid Waste The CAP's emissions inventory, however, excludes certain emission sources and may laclc sufficient infonnation. First, District staff was unable to determuie how the CAP addresses t11e relationslup beriueen ener~y and water. The inventory may lack emissions, for exainple, from wastewater treatment processes. The CAP states at page 17, "water ~~elated e»zissions were not included in tlze inventoty ". While water related emissions are typically embodied in the energy data for residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, emissions associated with wastewater may not be. The District recommends the CAP follow the guidance on quantifying emissions from wastewater treatment processes, located in the District's GHG Plan Level Quantification Guidance at section 1.4.3. This docurnent may be found on the District's web site under CEQA Guidelines, Tools and Methodology. Second, the CAP further states that emissions from industrial electricity and natural gas use, as well as Direct Access electricity use have not been included in the inventory. (Draft Cliinate Action Plan, July, 2010, at page 20.) The District can assist local governments in developing and providing non-proprietary GHG einissions data for industrial facilities that are pennitted by the Air District. Reduction Tar~et It does not appear that the City's GHG emissions reduction target meets any of the three options provided in the District's CEQA Guidelines for establishing a GHG reduction taxget (BAAQMD CEQA Air Quality Guidelines, at page 4-10.) The emissions reduction target in the CAP aims to reduce GHG einissions Uy 25°ro below the City's 2005 busi~iess-as-usual inventory by 2020. The District's CEQA Guidelines recommend that a Qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, in this case the City's CAP, establish a target that is coiisistent with the goals of AB 32. The CAP should provide substantial quantitative evidence that the City's goal is consistent with AB32. GHG Emissions Forecast The District recommends that the GHG emission projection, or forecast, for commtulities reflect a business-as-usual approach, in which emissions are projected in the absence of any policies or actions that would occur beyond the base year. .Emission reductions from policies or actions that take place prior to the base would be accounted for in the business-as-usual forecast. It is unclear whether the City has followed this approach. For example, the CAP states at page 31 that, "The City of Dublin has a high-density i~~ ~~~) ~5~ Martha Aja - 3- August 5, 201t~ residential land use designation, wlziclz allows 25.1 + dwelling units per acYe ". If this . land use designation was adopted prior to the 2005 base year, then any future developments adhering to it would be considered part of the business-as-usual forecast and the CAP should not use this policy as an einission reduction measure toward the 25% reduction goaL The District understands that the CAP uses population and employinent infonnation based on growth-rate projections fiom the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) P~rojections 2005 report. The District recomrriends the CAP use the most recent demographic infonnation available, which would be from ABAG's Projections 2009 report. GHG Reduction Measures A fundainental purpose of a Qualified GHG Reduction Plan is to evaluate and provide a range of possibilities and outcomes which would allow future projects to select mitigation measures that are most applicable and effective, sparing future projects from perfonning redundant analysis. The City may have unintentionally excluded feasible and effective reduction measures applicable to coinmunitywide emission sources other than those listed in the CAP's Appendix D. District staff recommends the City expand upon the measures identified in the CAP's Appendix D that, if implemented, would collectively achieve the specified emissions reduction goal. The current measures address only portions of communitywide emissions sources and inay only apply to specific types of proj ects. For example, additional measures could include, but are not limited to, improving water efficiency, implementing additional transportation a.ud land use measures, and requiring energy efficiency retrofits. See BAAQMD CEQA Air Quality Guidelines: Mitigating P1ai1-Level Impacts, beginning at page 9-8 for a list of specific measures that should be considered to reduce the City's GHG emissions. The CAP repeatedly states that, ` Estimating the growth of City i~ifrastructure or services ivas not within the scope of this project, and, therefo~~e, this docu~nent does not i~iclude a forecast of government operations emissions. Consequently, the e~nissio~zs reductions for this measure are not included as part of the reduction target. "(Draft Climate Action Plan, July, 2010, at page 40.) Einissions fioin municipal operations are typically embodied in the commuiutywide inventory and forecast. Therefore, it is not necessary to develop a separate forecast for municipal operations in order to account for the einission reductions from municipal emission reduction measures. The District recorrunends the City quantify reductions from inunicipal operations measures and include those reductions in its accounting towards its GHG reduction target. I~l addition, the District was unable to verify the applicability and effectiveness of some of the reduction measures included in the CAP. The Green Building Ordinance, as a.n example, listed under Energy Measures only applies to residential projects with 20 or inore units. There is little detail provided as to how effective this ordinance has been in Martha A~a - 4- Au ~st 5~ O1~ /~~ J g , t11e past or as to identifying the types of green building techniques that have been required. Similarly, it is tmclear how many prior projects were not required to comply witlz the ordinance or how inany future projects will likely be 19 units or less. While the CAP does provide some examples of past projects (Id. at page 34), it is uncertain if these exainples are representative of the type and scale of new development Dublin can reasonably anticipate occuning in the future. The City should clarify how the standaxds in the Green Building Ordinance would apply to new residential development, thus ensuring the City is able to justify their estiinated reductions credited by tlus strategy. Regarding the CAP's reliance on ineasures impleinented by the State, the einission reduction calculations for the CAP's stated measures are not transparent and verifiable. The emission reduction discussion for each measure should clearly state which emission sector the measure is targeting and how the einission reduction was calculated. For exainple, in the discussion on the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard, the CAP assumes that a 19% reduction in the City's 2020 electricity use emissions will result in a reduction of 33,594 MTC02E/year in 2020. The CAP's inventory does not list the GHG emissions for the City's electricity sector for 2005 or 2020, making it unclear how the 19% reduction is being calculated for electricity use. The City's estimated electricity use reductions carulot be verified with the givan information. Lastly, it is unclear how the CAP estimates emission reductions from AB 1493. The CAP should clearly list the total GHG emissions in the emission inventory's on-road passenger/light duty transportation sector and how a 15.75% emission reduction would result in a 46,034 MTC02e/year reduction. District staff recognizes that the Draft CAP includes valuable analysis and policies, and represents a significant coinmitment by the City. District staff is available to assist the City staff in addressing these comments. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact Ian Peterson, Enviromnental PlamZer II, at (415) 749-4783. Sincerely, ~, ~~~~ ~~~~~ ~." ~ , Jeai Roggenk I~ puty Air Pollution Control Officer cc: BAAQMD Vice-Chairperson Tom Bates BAAQMD Director Scott Haggerty BAAQMD Director Jeiuufer Hosternzan BAAQMD Director Nate Miley ~~~~ ~~~ ~~:~_/ City Manager's Office 1VIEMORANI~UM ~~I~ i~~ ~ Bonnie Terra Dublin Fire Prevention DATE: 7uly 7, 2010 JUL 0 7 2010 To: City Staff FRO1~: Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist ~9~~`~- ~ITY OF DUBLit~ Flf~E PREVENTIOYV susJECT: NOTICE OF INTENT TO ADOPT A leTEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN The City of Dublin is circulating a Negative Declaration for public review for the Draft Climate Action Plan (CAP). The goal of the Draft CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 25% below a business as usual scenario by 2020. The Draft CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. Attached for your review is a copy of the Draft Climate Action Plan and the Initial Study/Negative Declaration. Please forward any comments you may have to me no later than August Sth, 2010. The comment period for the Negative Declaration begins on Wednesday July 7, 2010 and closes at 5:00 p.m. on Thursday August Sth, 2010. cc: Chris Foss, Assistant City Manager Roger Bradley, Administrative Analyst ~J~ d. ~~N, -`" n ~ .~v ~'~'` _ `% ; \ ~~~ ~~~ DATE: TO: FROM: SUBJECT: City Manager's Office Il~IEMORANDUM 13~~~1~~ ~ Commander Casey Nice Police Services July 7, 2010 City Staff Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist ~~~~'`-~ 1\10TICE OF INTENT TO ADOPT A NEGATIVE DECLA1tATI01\T FOR THE DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN The City of Dublin is circulating a Negative Declaration for public review for the Draft Climate Action Plan (CAP). The goal of the Draft CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 25% below a business as usual scenario by 2020. The Draft CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. Attached for your review is a copy of the Draft Climate Action Plan and the Initial Study/Negative Declaration. Please forward any comments you may have to me no later than August Sth, 2010. The comment period for the Negative Declaration begins on Wednesday July 7, 2010 and closes at 5:00 p.m. on Thursday August Sth, 2010. , cc: Chris Foss, Assistant City Manager Roger Bradley, Administrarive Analyst o -~P ~'~-~~ ~ N ~ ~~~~ ~ ~~~, ~~~~ - ~, (/ ~ ' f r ~ ~ ~ _. BAY AREA AI R QUAL ITY MANAGEMENT D 1 S T R[ C T S INCE 1955 ALAMEDA COUNTY Tom Bates (Vice-Chairperson) Scott Haggerty Jennifer Hosterman Nate Miley CONTRA COSTA COUNTY John Gioia (Secretary) David E. Hudson Mark Ross Gayle B. Uilkema MARIN COUNTY Harold C. Brown, Jr. NAPA COUNTY Brad Wagenknecht (Chairperson) SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY Chris Daly Eric Mar Gavin Newsom SAN MATEO COUNTY Carol Klatt Carole Groom SANTA CLARA COUNTY Susan Garner Ash Kalra Liz Kniss Ken Yeager SOLANO COUNTY James Spering SONOMA COUNTY Shirlee Zane Pamela Torliatt Jack P.Broadbent EXECUTIVE OFFICERIAPCO t -~ ' ,~ _ ~~ 414}; ~ ~ ~~ _ ; -. ,,..~cE•'~ I ~~~ ~~~ ~ October 26, 2010 Martha Aj a City Manager's Office 100 Civic Plaza Dublin, CA 94568 Subject: Draft Dublin Climate Action Plan Dear Martha Aja: ~~t~~s ~~- ~y:t. ~~ ~ `~'' 1.`~, C~ ~`S "; €~: ~ ~,: ~~~n..~;~. QGT 2 ~ ~p~,~; -~, ~ ~ tllil~a,~",~~s~ y - ~ . , ~~;~ 'S,;' 1n'f ~:a1:; , Bay Area Air Quality Management District (District) staff submitted a comment letter (dated August 5, 2010) on the City of Dublin's Draft Climate Action Plan (CAP) and Draft Negative Declaration. In the letter, the District identified a number of instances in which it appeared that the CAP was inconsistent with the District's 2010 CEQA Guidelines. Subsequently, District staff has met with City of Dublin staff and gained a better understanding of the City's work in developing the CAP, and of the methods used in calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A discussion of significant clarifications gained through communications with City staff follows. Baseline GHG Emissions Inventory The District's earlier comment letter identified several emission sources that appeared to have been excluded from the baseline GHG inventory. City staff have clarified that GHG emissions associated with industrial activities, direct access energy use, and electricity use associated with water conveyance were embedded in data for other sectors in the baseline inventory. A subsequent version of the CAP (October 2010) identifies and discusses emissions from these sources. Reduction Target The July version of the CAP included a goal of reducing GHG emissions 25% below 2020 business-as-usual levels. As this methodology and target was inconsistent with the District's CEQA Guidelines, City staff has decided to use the District's plan level threshold of 6.6 metric tons per service population. District staff agrees this is a more appropriate target. GHG Emissions Forecast The District's earlier comment letter stated that it was unclear if the City was including in its CAP GHG reductions from policies or actions that had taken place , ., , ~ . " < _ ihe Air Di trict is a Certifieo` G~een Business Printed usina so}~ based ~~ ks on 'OOib post-consumer recycled content p~:,er 939 ELLIS STREET • SAN FRANC[SCO CALIFORNIA ~4109 • 415.771.6000 • WWW.BAAQMD.GOV l ~~~~ ~ ~`) ~~ ~ Mrs. Martha Aja October 26,2010 prior to the base year (2005). If so, these emission reductions would be considered part of the business-as-usual forecast and should not be identified as emission reduction measures. City staff has decided to use the District's recommended plan level threshold of 6.6 metric tons per service population so this is no longer an issue. In addition, the City has added language to the October version of the CAP clarifying that any policies adopted prior to the base year were only included as emission reduction measures if the effect of those policies occurred after 2005.The District also recommends that the GHG emissions associated with the City's Downtown Specific Plan (the draft EIR is currently under public review) be added to the City's GHG emission inventory. Dublin staff indicated that these GHG emissions were omitted from the emission inventory in the CAP. Inclusion of emissions and emission reduction strategies associated with this important downtown planning effort would help assure that that the CAP is as comprehensive as possible. GF-~C Reducti~n Meas:zres The District's earlier comment letter stated, "A fundamental purpose of a Qualified GHG Reduction Plan is to evaluate and provide a range of possibilities and outcomes which would allow future projects to select mitigation measures that are most applicable and effective, sparing future projects from performing redundant analysis. The City may have unintentionally excluded feasible and effective reduction measures applicable to communitywide emission sources other than those listed in the CAP's Appendix D." City staff has explained that only existing policies and programs have been included in the draft CAP. While it appears that the City may be able to meet the District's plan-level threshold of significance (6.6 tons per service population) with just these existing measures, it is not clear that this is the case when the emissions from the Downtown Specific Plan are accounted for in the City's GHG emissions inventory. If inclusion of these emissions might exceed the plan-level threshold for the CAP, the City may need to include additional policies and programs at the City's disposal that have not been included in the draft CAP. For example, additional measures could include, but are not limited to the following. ^ Expand the City's green building ordinance to apply to all new residential and commercial development projects and redevelopment/remodels, rather than just new residential devel~pments over 20 units; ^ Establish a citywide pricing program for public parking; ^ Unbundle parking space costs from property lease or rental prices; ^ Reduce parking requirements in new developments; ^ Require preferential parking spaces for ridesharing and low emission vehicles in all new office and commercial construction projects; ^ Implement a transportation demand management program such as requiring large employers to offer workers transit subsidies, parking cash-out, guaranteed rides home, telecommuting options, etc.; ^ Implement a citywide car share program; ^ Expand the Bay Friendly Landscaping program to commercial developments; ^ Adopt a water conservation ordinance for new residential and commercial developments and redevelopments/remodels. 2 Mrs. Martha Aja I~ -~,s~f ~ ,. ~-j October 26, 2(~0~ `' The District commends the City for undertaking the CAP process. The District appreciates the flexibility and openness with which City staff has addressed the issues raised in our earlier comment letter. The City has clearly made a significant commitment to climate protection, through the draft Climate Action Plan and the many climate-friendly policies and programs it has implemented to date. The District looks forward to working with the City of Dublin as it moves forward with implementing the Climate Action Plan and other climate protection strategies. District staff is available to assist the City staff in addressing these comments and otherwise assist with developing and implementing the CAP. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact Abby Young, Principal Environmental Planner, at (415) 749-4754. Sincerely, /i/ ~ , .~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;~!~ `~ ~~~~~~~ ~ ~~ Jean R ~ggenkamp ~ ~ ~ Deputy Air Pollution Control Officer cc: BAAQMD Vice-Chairperson Tom Bates BAAQMD Director Scott Haggerty BAAQMD Director Jennifer Hosterman BAAQMD Director Nate Miley 3 `~, vUlf /) 1 ~ I J~_~ ~~Z STAFF REPORT 1 J,~ ~~ ~~~~ PLANNING COMMISSION ~~~ . l/ DATE: October 26, 2010 TO: Planning Commission SUBJECT: PUBLIC HEARING: City of Dublin Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration Report prepared by Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The proposed City of Dublin Climate Action Plan (CAP) provides policies and measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City. The goal of the CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020. The CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. The various GHG reduction measures are organized into three broad categories, which include: 1) transportation and land use measures; 2) energy measures; and 3) solid waste and recycling measures. The CAP describes baseline GHG emissions produced in Dublin in 2005, and forecasts GHG emissions that could be expected if the proposed CAP is not implemented - the business-as-usual scenario. The City expects to reduce GHG emissions through a combination of reduction measures that are included in the CAP. These include measures that are under the City's control and State initiatives aimed at reducing GHG emissions. The proposed CAP and draft Negative Declaration are being presented to the Planning Commission for review and recommendation to the City Council. RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends that the Planning Commission: 1) Receive Staff presentation; 2) Open the public hearing; 3) Take testimony from the public; 4) Close the public hearing and deliberate; 5) Adopt a Resolution recommending City Council adoption of a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan; and 6) Adopt a Resolution recommending City Council approval of the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan. `~'~~~~ ~ ~_ Submitted By: Environmental Specialist eviewed By Communi y Development Director COPIES TO: Page 1 of 8 G:IPA#1201DIDublin Climate Action Plan & Neg DecIPC Meeting 10.26.101PCSR 10.26.10.doc ATTACHMENT 4 DESCRIPTION: Background State, National and International ~(y 15~ ~E~ In 1997, 10,000 international delegates, observers and journalists gathered in Kyoto, Japan, to participate in the drafting and adoption of the Kyoto Protocol, which requires industrialized nations to reduce their collective GHG emissions to 5.2% below 1990 levels. As of May 2008, one-hundred-eighty-one (181) countries have ratified the agreement representing over 61 % of the emissions from developed countries. In 2005, cities and counties took the lead at the U.S. Conference of Mayors and developed the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, which urged federal and state governments to enact policies and programs to meet the Kyoto Protocol target. The agreement included a commitment to strive to meet the Kyoto Protocol target by taking local actions, such as conducting a baseline emissions inventory, setting reduction targets, and creating a climate action plan. In September 2006, the State of California enacted Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, which requires California to reduce Statewide GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. AB 32 directs the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and implement regulations that reduce statewide GHG emissions. The Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) was approved by ARB in December 2008 and outlines the State's plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. The Scoping Plan contains the primary strategies California will implement to achieve a reduction of 169 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMT C02e), or approximately 30% from the State's projected 2020 emissions level. In the Scoping Plan, the ARB encourages local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations emissions and to move forward with establishing similar goals for community emissions, which parallel the State's commitment to reduce GHG emissions. However, the specific role local governments will play in meeting the State's AB 32 goals is not established in the Scoping Plan. Bay Area Air Quality Manaqement District In June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdictional boundaries, which includes the City of Dublin. The BAAQMD has direct and indirect regulatory authority over sources of air pollution in the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin. The overall goal of this effort was to develop CEQA significance criteria to ensure that future development includes appropriate and feasible emission reduction measures to mitigate significant air quality and GHG emissions impacts. The BAAQMD adopted project level thresholds, which include an emission level threshold of 1,100 MT C02e per year and a threshold of 4.6 metric tons of GHG emissions per service population (i.e. residents and employees) per year for individual development projects. For general references, the adopted project threshold (1,100 metric tons of C02e/yr) is equivalent to the approximate amount of GHG emissions that 60 single-family units, or 78 multi-family units, or a supermarket exceeding 8,000 square feet, or an office park exceeding 50,000 square feet would generate. Projects with emissions greater than the adopted threshold (1,100 MT C02e per year) would be required to mitigate to the proposed threshold level or reduce project emissions by an amount deemed feasible by the lead agency. The BAAQMD's approach is to identify the emissions level 2of8 for which a project would result in a less than significant impact under CEQA and would not be expected to substantially conflict with existing California legislation adopted to reduce Statewide I~~ A~ GHG emissions. If a project were to generate GHG emissions above the threshold level established by the BAAQMD, it would be considered as contributing substantially to the ~ ~~~ cumulative impact of GHG emissions within the community and would be considered a significant impact under CEQA. Alternatively, a city may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan that furthers AB 32 goals. The BAAQMD encourages such planning efforts and recognizes that careful early planning by local agencies is invaluable to achieving the State's GHG reduction goals. If a project is consistent with a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, which addresses the project's GHG emissions, the Strategy can be used as the basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on the community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA. CEQA contains standards for GHG Reduction Strategies that can be used in the cumulative impacts analysis for projects covered under the Plan (CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5). The BAAQMD recognizes these CEQA standards as meeting the District's standards for a Reduction Strategy. The BAAQMD CEQA Thresholds contain some standards in addition to those under CEQA. The proposed City of Dublin CAP has been developed to meet both the CEQA and BAAQMD standards for a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy. Citv of Dublin On July 17, 2007, the City Council approved participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions (Resolution 139-07). The Alameda County Climate Protection Project (ACCPP) was launched by ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability in partnership with StopWaste.Org and the Alameda County Conference of Mayors. In committing to this project, the jurisdictions within Alameda County embarked on an on-going, coordinated effort to reduce emissions, improve air quality, reduce waste and cut energy use. In doing so, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's 5-milestone methodology for reducing GHG emissioris, which include: Milestone 1: Conduct a baseline emissions inventory and forecast; Milestone 2: Adopt an emissions reduction target; Milestone 3: Develop a Climate Action Plan for reducing emissions; Milestone 4: Implement polices and measures to reduce emissions; and Milestone 5: Monitor and verify results. The City completed the first milestone in 2008. The second and third milestones are the subject of this agenda item. The creation of a CAP is included as a high priority goal within the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals & Objectives Program. In March 2010, the Dublin City Council authorized the City Manager to execute a Consulting Services Agreement between the City of Dublin and AECOM to assist the City in the preparation of the proposed CAP. AECOM calculated the GHG emissions reductions to be achieved by implementation of the measures in the CAP and State initiatives that would mitigate GHG emissions within the community. AECOM also peer reviewed the City of Dublin's CAP for technical accuracy. 3of8 ANALYSIS: S~ The proposed CAP (Attachment 1) provides policies and measures aimed at reducing GHG I emissions within the City to further the goals of AB 32. The goal of the CAP is to reduce I~ ~ Dublin's community-wide GHG emissions by 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emissions emitted during 2020 by said year. The City anticipates the GHG reduction goal to be achieved through a combination of efforts at the local, regional and State levels. The reduction measures included within the proposed CAP, which contribute to the City's reduction goal, include locally-focused activities as well as State initiatives under ARB's Scoping Plan. A program or project would be considered consistent with the CAP if it substantially complies with the applicable measures set forth within the CAP and not obstruct the attainment of the estimated GHG emissions reductions. Emission Inventory, Baseline and Proiections The CAP (Chapter II, "Emissions Inventory") presents a GHG emissions inventory for 2005, which includes an inventory of both community level and municipal level emissions. The community-level-emissions inventory includes sources of GHG emissions emitted from the residential, commercial/industrial, transportation and waste sectors. The municipal-level- emissions inventory includes those sources that fall under the direct jurisdictional control of the City of Dublin Municipal Corporation, which includes City facilities, the City's vehicle fleet, public lighting, municipal water consumption and municipal solid waste generation. The emissions inventory was developed by the City in collaboration with ICLEI. Total community-wide emissions were determined to be 357,211 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005 (refer to Table 1 below). Government-related emissions were estimated to be 1,573 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2005 (refer to Table 2 below). Table 1 Communitv Greenhouse Gas Emissions bv Sector ~MT CD.,e) 2005 Community Emissions b Sector MT CO2e Percent of Total COZe Energy Equivalent (MMBtu) Residential 51,154 14.3% 886,617 Commercial/lndustrial 60,183 16.8% 986,302 Local Roads 49,670 13.9% 670,383 State Highways 183,714 51.4% 2,479,544 Waste 12,490 3.5% 0 TOTAL 357,211 100% 5,022,846 Table 2- Governmenf GHG Emissions bv Sector 2005 Government Emissions MT COZe Percentage of Total COZe Energy Equivalent (MMBtu) Buildings 770 49.0% 12,787 Vehicle Fleet 286 18.2% 3,681 Public Lighting 484 30.8% 7,377 Water 22 1.4% 335 Solid Waste 11 0.7% 0 TOTAL 1,573 100% 24,180 4of8 Chapter III of the CAP, "Forecast for Greenhouse Gas Emissions," includes projections of ~ emissions in 2020. ICLEI conducted an emission forecast for the year 2020 based on projected a l~'~ trends in energy use, dnving hab~ts, ~ob and population growth from the baseline year (2005) ,~ through 2020. The inflation factors were determined using the Association of Bay Area ~~l Government's 2009 projections for growth within the City of Dublin. Under a business-as-usual scenario, it is estimated that the City of Dublin's emissions will grow over the next decade and a half by approximately 31.9% from 357,211 to 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (refer to Table 3 below). Table 3- Communitv Greenhouse Gas Emissions Growth ProiPr_tions bv Ser_tnr Community Emissions Growth Forecast by Sector 2005 MT COZe Emissions 2020 MT COZe Emissions Annual Growth Rate Percent Change (2005 - 2020) Residential 51,154 80,187 2.850% 54.2% Commercial/Industrial 60,183 96,625 2.087% 36.3% Transportation 233,384 292,151 1.509% 25.2% Waste 12,490 19,579 2.850% 52.4% TOTAL 357,211 471,205 - 31.9% Dublin's GHG reduction goal is 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emissions emitted during 2020 by said year. This goal will lower the projected GHG emissions in 2020 from 471,205 metric tons of carbon dioxide to 376,964. While the City expects significant residential, commercial and industrial growth through 2020, the total amount of GHG emissions emitted within the community will not be increasing significantly from 2005 levels. This is illustrated by the fact that the City's service population will grow by nearly 50% during the same period, where service population is the summation of population and the number of jobs within the City. Further, the City of Dublin's CAP is designed to meet or exceed the goals of AB 32. To delineate the City's commitment to the goals of AB 32, the City's CAP employs BAAQMD's GHG efficiency based metric for Climate Action Plans of 6.6 MT C02e per service population per year. The City's per capita efficiency metric is 5.88 for 2005 and 4.22 for 2020, which represents a 28% decrease in GHG emissions between the base year and forecast year. The City of Dublin's efficiency metric is well below the established threshold in both the Base Year 2005 and the Forecast Year 2020. Thus, the City will be growing significantly over the 15-year period covered by the CAP, but during this same time, the City's GHG emissions will be decreasing significantly on a per individual basis, which is not clearly visible when simply inspecting the business-as-usual scenario. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Measures The proposed CAP identifies a variety of ineasures to achieve the City's GHG reduction target. The inclusion of quantifiable GHG reduction measures is the primary focus of the proposed CAP. The anticipated emissions reduction of each individual measure is used to contribute to the overall GHG reduction goal. Measures that would aid in reducing GHG emissions, but which are not quantified, are also included in the proposed CAP. While these measures do not mathematically contribute to the City reduction target, they ultimately will result in GHG reductions beyond those included in the reductions calculation. That is, they will reduce emissions, but the reduction is not being measured at this time. The various GHG reduction 5 of 8 measures are organized into three categories: 1) transportation and land use; 2) energy; and 3 I' solid waste management and recycling. These categories follow the major sources of emissions ~7'~~ found in the Cit of Dublin 2005 GHG emissions invento . ~ Y ry Results of Implementation Implementation of the City-controlled measures in the CAP would result in annual community- wide GHG emissions reductions of 46,737 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (a 9.92% total reduction per year relative to 2020). A list of the local measures that are under the City's control can be found in Table 12 of the CAP (Attachment 1). The City-controlled measures include transportation and land use measures, energy measures and solid waste and recycling measures. The Municipal Operations Measures and Public Outreach Programs are also included as part of the City-controlled measures. Additionally, implementation of statewide initiatives (AB 1493 and Renewable Portfolio Standard) would result in annual GHG emissions reductions of an additional 52,263 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (11.09% total reduction per year relative to 2020). AB 1493 requires the Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop and adopt regulations to reduce GHG emissions from vehicles primarily used for noncommercial transportation. In 2004, the ARB approved amendments to California's existing standards for motor vehicles to meet the requirements of AB 1493. These amendments require automobile manufactures to meet fleet- average GHG emission limits for all passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicle weight classes, beginning in 2009. Senate Bill 1078 established the Renewable Portfolio Standard. The Renewable Portfolio Standard requires the increased production of energy from renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass and geothermal. The Renewable Portfolio Standard requires electricity providers to increase purchases of renewable energy sources by 1% per year until they have attained a portfolio of 20% renewable sources. Executive Order S-14-08, which was signed by the Governor in 2008, expands California's Renewable Energy Standard to 33°/o renewable power by 2020. The community-wide measures combined with the statewide initiatives would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 metric tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent and would achieve the City's reduction goal of reducing GHG emission by 20% below the Business-As-Usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year. NOTICING REQUIREMENTS/PUBLIC OUTREACH: A Public Notice was mailed to interested parties, including surrounding jurisdictions and various state and regional agencies. Additionally, the Public Notice was published in the Valley Times and posted at several locations throughout the City. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW: The overall purpose of the proposed CAP is to reduce GHG emissions and the impacts that these emissions will have on the community and the global environment, and therefore, is a project designed to benefit the environment. As a result, it may not constitute a"project" under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), or it may qualify for an exemption under CEQA. However, as with a proposal involving activities relating to development, implementation of the proposed CAP could potentially result in adverse impacts on the physical environment. ~~~ 6 of 8 Therefore, an Initial Study was prepared by the City pursuant to CEQA to evaluate whether f~''~ ~ there are any potentially adverse environmental impacts of implementing the CAP. ,~lA~~ The Initial Study/Negative Declaration was circulated for public review from July 7, 2010 to I~~ August 5, 2010 (Exhibit B of Attachment 2). During the public review period, the City received 6 comment letters (Exhibit C of Attachment 2), which include the following: • County of Alameda Public Works Agency, dated July 27, 2010 • City of Dublin Parks & Community Services Department, dated August 4, 2010 • Dublin San Ramon Services District, dated August 4, 2010 • Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), dated August 5, 2010 • City of Dublin Police Services • Alameda County Fire Prevention Bureau The letter from the BAAQMD was the only letter that raised concerns. The City of Dublin worked cooperatively with the BAAQMD and made minor modifications to the Climate Action Plan to address the concerns outlined in the BAAQMD letter. One of the changes that the City made to the CAP was the inclusion of the BAAQMD's GHG significance threshold for CAPs which is an efficiency based metric of 6.6 MT C02e per service population per year. The CAP results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020, which is 36% below the threshold established by the BAQMD. It also represents a 28% decrease in GHG~emissions between the base year and forecast year. Additionally, the City used ABAG's 2009 projections to determine the forecast for 2020 instead of the 2005 projections. The City also changed the multiplier used to determine the emission reductions anticipated from AB 1493 from 15.76% to 12.2%, which resulted in a decrease of anticipated emission reductions from AB 1493. This change was made based on updated information from the Air Resources Board. This change in the projected reductions from statewide measures is largely th~e basis for the change in the reduction target to 20%. The level of reduction from Citywide measures remains in the same (9.92%) and the City did not make any changes to any of the Citywide reduction measures in the CAP. The environmental analysis of the proposed CAP focused solely on the new policies and changes in existing policies that will be implemented as a result of the proposed CAP. It did not analyze the impacts of existing programs included in the proposed CAP, which have already undergone their own environmental review. In particular, the proposed CAP will not result in any change in land use designations or permit greater intensity of development than already allowed under the existing City General Plan, Specific Plans and zoning. The environmental impacts from these types of activities are already addressed by the CEQA review adopted by the City relating to these actions. CEQA allows cities to develop climate action plans or GHG reduction plans to provide programmatic analysis of the cumulative impacts of GHG emissions for future projects in the City. CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5 authorizes the use of these Plans for the analysis of the cumulative impacts of projects consistent with the Plan. The BAAQMD adopted CEQA Guidelines and Significance Thresholds for GHG emissions also authorize the use of these Plans for CEQA review of future projects. The proposed CAP serves as the City's qualified 7 of 8 GHG Reduction Plan and programmatic tiering document for the purposes of CEQA for analysis ,~ of impacts of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The City has determined that the I~/) ~ reduction target under the Plan will reduce the impact from activities under the Plan to a less J~ than significant level under CEQA (i.e., the project will not make a cumulatively considerable ~~~ contribution to a significant cumulative impact). Therefore, the Climate Action Plan may be used for the cumulative impact analysis for future projects and development in the City covered by the Plan. As such, it satisfies CEQA review requirements for all applicable projects within the City. If a proposed project is consistent with the applicable emissions reduction measures identified in the proposed CAP, the project would be considered to have a less than significant impact (i.e., less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant cumulative impact) due to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change consistent with Public Resources Code 21083.3, CEQA Guidelines Sections 15183.5, 15064 and 15130, and BAAQMD adopted CEQA Guidelines and GHG Significance Thresholds. CONCLUSION: GHG emissions are an issue of growing concern for communities across the U.S. and around the world. The City of Dublin has displayed leadership and foresight in choosing to confront this issue now. By reducing the amount of GHG emissions emitted by the community, Dublin joins hundreds of other American cities in stemming GHG emissions and the impacts associated with it. The City of Dublin will benefit in many other ways from the proposed measures outlined in the proposed Climate Action Plan, including better public health, improved public spaces, economic growth and long-term savings for property owners. The goal of the proposed CAP is to reduce Dublin's community-wide GHG emission by 20% below a business-as-usual scenario by 2020 which will result in an emissions level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year. Additionally, the proposed CAP will streamline CEQA review for GHG emissions. If a project is consistent with a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy, which addresses the project's GHG emissions, the Strategy can be used as the basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on the community's cumulative GHG emission under CEQA. ATTACHMENTS: 1) City of Dublin Climate Action Plan. 2) Resolution recommending City Council adoption of a Negative Declaration for the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan, with draft City Council Resolution attached as Exhibit A, the Initial Study/Negative Declaration attached as Exhibit B and the comment letters attached as Exhibit C. 3) Resolution recommending City Council approval of the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan, with draft City Council Resolution attached as Exhibit A. 8 of 8 DRAFT ~~~ ~~ jt' t~ c' ' ~ ~ .,/ CALL TO ORDER/ROLL CALL A regular meeting of the City of Dublin Planning Commission was held on Tuesday, October 26, 2010, in the City Council Chambers located at 100 Civic Plaza. Chair King called the meeting to order at 6:58:47 PM Present: Chair King; Vice Chair Brown; Commissioners Schaub and Swalwell; Jeff Baker, Planning Manager; Marnie Waffle, Senior Planner; Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist; and Debra LeClair, Recording Secretary. Absent: Cm. Wehrenberg ADDITIONS OR REVISIONS TO THE AGENDA - NONE MINUTES OF PREVIOUS MEETINGS - On a motion by Cm. Schaub, seconded by Cm. Swalwell the minutes of the October 12, 2010 meeting were approved. ORAL COMMUNICATIONS - NONE CONSENT CALENDAR - NONE WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS - NONE PUBLIC HEARINGS - 8.1 PA 09-027 Kidango Day Care Center Conditional Use Permit and Site Development Review Marnie Waffle, Senior Planner presented the project as outlined in the Staff Report. Ms. Waffle stated since the September 28th Planning Commission meeting the Applicant has met with the neighbors in a community meeting and they are now proposing to relocate the play equipment further away from the homes. She continued Staff has received a revised proposal from the Applicant and they are currently working out issues with Dublin Unified School District to identify the new location. She stated, once the new location is approved by the Dublin Unified School District, a revised noise study will be prepared. She stated Staff will bring the project before the Planning Commission when all the items have been completed. Staff recommended the Planning Commission continue the project to a date uncertain. Cm. Swalwell asked how the delay will affect the CDBG funds. ~f'1dP 12~ j;;l7i :st.'?PP .~;:`L I rZP' /~'~~~ u ;"r-,? 127 ~. li ~~~t:F ~~>7• ?ja, ..j41d i.;' ATTACHMENT S DRAFT DRAFT ~~ j ~~' Ms. Waffle answered the City received an extension until December 31, 2010 and can request ~~' another extension if the project has not been approved by that time. She continued there could I~ ~ ~ ~,, also be a decision to reallocate the funds to another project. Cm. Brown asked if in their negotiations with the Dublin Unified School District it appears the Applicants are moving forward with the proposaL Ms. Waffle stated the school district has indicated the new location will be acceptable to them. Jeff Baker, Planning Manager added the negotiations are between the Applicant and the Dublin Unified School District. The City is not a party to the negotiations although Staff has helped to facilitate the talks. Chair King opened the public hearing and having no one to speak closed the public hearing. On a motion by Cm. Schaub and seconded by Cm. Brown, on a vote of 4-0-1, with Cm. Wehrenberg absent, the Planning Commission continued the item to a date uncertain. 8.2 City of Dublin Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration Martha Aja, Environmental Specialist presented the project as outlined in the Staff Report. Roger Bradley, Senior Administrative Analyst was also present to answer any questions. Cm. Brown asked if the highway contributes 51 % of the GHG emissions, and the City is surrounded by I-580 and I-680, how are those emissions separated from what is produced by the City of Dublin. Ms. Aja answered the I-580/I-680 freeways are within the City of Dublin inventory and stated he is correct that 51 % of the community's emissions are attributed to them. She stated they are within the Scoping Plan and Assembly Bill (AB 1493) is designed to increase mileage of vehicles. She continued the GHG reductions that are anticipated from AB 1493 have been calculated as part of the reduction. Chair King opened the public hearing and having no one to speak closed the public hearing. Cm. Schaub thanked Staff for a job well done. On a motion by Cm. Schaub and seconded by Cm. Swalwell, on a vote of 4-0-1, with Cm. Wehrenberg absent, the Planning Commission adopted: RESOLUTION NO. 10- 50 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN %'.t:t~~„sn~ C't r~ r~. st:°:~t r r ,¢x ,,, s.~:t~, w , ; tt,,i .>,~~> ~, ~~~ _.~ 130 DRAFT DRAFT ~1~~, ~ ° RECOMMENDING CITY COUNCIL ADOPTION OF A NEGATIVE DECLARATION ~~ FOR THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN ' ~~ ~ RESOLUTION NO. 10- 51 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN _.... RECOMMENDING CITY COUNCIL APPROVAL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN NEW OR UNFINISHED BUSINESS - NONE OTHER BUSINESS - NONE 10.1 Brief INFORMATION ONLY reports from the Planning Commission and/ or Staff, including Committee Reports and Reports by the Planning Commission related to meetings attended at City Expense (AB 1234). 10.2 Mr. Baker stated the Sports Authority has signed a lease for a portion of the Mervyns building and DSW Shoes will be moving into a vacant space by Marshalls. 10.3 Cm. Swalwell asked if a Business License was pulled for furniture store. Mr. Baker answered there was an indication that a furniture store will open on a temporary basis in the Good Guys building where the Spirit Store is currently located. ADjOURNMENT - The meeting was adjourned at 7:10:45 PM Respectfully submitted, Morgan King Chair Planning Commission ATTEST: Jeff Baker Planning Manager G: ~MINUTES ~ 2010 ~ PLANNING COMMISSION~ 10.26.70 DRAFT PC Mirii~tes.doc i3~a r =~~~° C'~ z~z~r .;. s~~;t ; °~c;ita~C '',~3; ;'+) ~C? ~.'~is,~r~ar ~;s~~:~ f r;~,~s 131 1~7 ~ ~ ~~ RESOLUTION NO. 10- 50 I~ I A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN RECOMMENDING CITY COUNCIL ADOPTION OF A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, on July 17, 2007, the Dublin City Council passed Resolution 139-07 approving participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's five milestone methodology for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City, which includes the development of a Climate Action .Plan for reducing GHG emissions; and WHEREAS, in June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted CEQA air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdiction, which included an emission level threshold and an efficiency threshold for GHG emissions for development projects; and WHEREAS, alternatively, under CEQA and the BAAQMD CEQA Thresholds, a City may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan to evaluate a community's cumulative impact due to GHG emissions from future planned development; and WHEREAS, if a project is consistent with an adopted, qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan, the Strategy/Plan can be used as the basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on a community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA; and WHEREAS, the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals and Objectives includes as a high priority goal, the creation of a Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has contracted with AECOM to assist Staff in preparing the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act certain projects are required to be reviewed for environmental impacts and when applicable, environmental documents prepared; and WHEREAS, an Initial Study was prepared for the Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, upon completion of the Initial Study it was determined that there was no substantial evidence that the Climate Action Plan would have a significant adverse effect on the environment and a Negative Declaration should be prepared; and WHEREAS, an Initial Study/Negative Declaration was prepared and circulated for public review from July 7, 2010 to August 5, 2010; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin received six comment letters during the public review period, but only one letter (the letter from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District dated August 5, 2010) raised concerns; and. ~~+nn~rv..,..4 L ly~~~ I ~~ WHEREAS, the City of Dublin worked cooperatively with BAAQMD and made minor modifications to the Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration to address the concerns outlined in the BAAQMD letter dated August 5, 2010. The minor modifications to the Negative Declaration do not require recirculation under CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a properly noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and Negative Declaration on October 26, 2010; and WHEREAS, a Staff Report was submitted recommending that the Planning Commission adopt a Resolution recommending that the City Council adopt the Negative Declaration; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission did review and consider the Initial Study/Negative Declaration and related comments and responses, all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth and used its independent judgment to evaluate the Negative Declaration. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the foregoing recitals are true and correct and made a part of this Resolution. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City of Dublin Planning Commission does hereby recommend that the City Council adopt a Resolution adopting a Negative Declaration for the Draft Climate Action Plan, with the City Council Resolution attached as Exhibit A and the Initial Study/Negative Declaration attached as Exhibit B. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 26th day of October 2010 by the following vote: AYES: King, Brown, Swalwell, Schaub NOES: ABSENT: Wehrenberg ABSTAIN: ATTEST: Planning Manager Planning Commission Chair G:IPA#120101Dublin Climate Action Plan & Neg DecIPC Meeting 10.26.101PC Reso 10.26.10 Neg Dec.doc 2 of 2 l ~~ I~C ~ RESOLUTION NO. 10- 51 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN RECOMMENDING CITY COUNCIL APPROVAL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, the Fiscal Year 2010/2011 City Council Goals and Objectives includes as a high priority goal, the creation of a Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, on July 17, 2007, the Dublin City Council passed Resolution 139-07 approving participation in the Climate Protection Project for Alameda County jurisdictions; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin committed to ICLEI's five milestone methodology for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the City, which includes the development of a Climate Action Plan for reducing GHG emissions; and WHEREAS, in June 2010, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) adopted California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) air quality thresholds of significance for use within its jurisdiction, which included an emission level threshold and an efficiency threshold for GHG emissions for development projects; and WHEREAS, alternatively, under CEQA and the BAAQMD CEQA thresholds, a City may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan to evaluate a community's cumulative impact due to GHG emissions from future planned development; and WHEREAS, if a project is consistent with an adopted, qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan, the Strategy/Plan can be used as a basis for determining that the project would have a tess than significant impact on a community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has contracted with AECOM to assist Staff in preparing the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Draft Climate Action Plan does the following: o Provides background on actions taken to curb GHG emissions; o Presents Dublin's baseline GHG emissions inventory in 2005 and forecast for GHG emissions in 2020 based on business-as-usual scenario; o Establishes a GHG emission reduction target of 20% from the 2020 GHG emissions forecast which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020; o Sets forth GHG emission reduction policies and measures for transportation/land use, energy, and solid waste and recycling that Dublin will implement or is already implementing to achieve the reduction target; ATTACHMENT 7 C~~~ ~~~ o Presents steps for implementation, monitoring and verification of the Plan to achieve the designated emission reduction target; and WHEREAS, the reduction measures within the Draft Climate Action Plan are grouped into the following seven categories: 1. Communitywide Transportation and Land Use Measures; 2. Communitywide Energy Measures; 3. Communitywide Solid Waste and Recycling Measures; 4. Municipal Transportation and Land Use Measures; 5. Municipal Energy Measures; 6. Municipal Solid Waste and Recycling Measures; 7. Public Outreach Programs; and WHEREAS, the Draft community-wide CAP measures combined with the Statewide initiatives would reduce the anticipated emissions in the community by 99,000 metric tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent and would achieve the City's reduction goal of reducing GHG emissions by 20% below the business-as-usual projection of GHG emitted during 2020 by said year which results in an efficiency level of 4.22 MT C02e per service population per year in 2020; and WHEREAS, in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act certain projects are required to be reviewed for environmental impacts and when applicable, environmental documents prepared, and on October 26, 2010, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution 10-XX recommending that the City Council adopt a Negative Declaration for the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a properly noticed public hearing on the Draft Climate Action Plan and related Negative Declaration on October 26, 2010; and WHEREAS, a Staff Report was submitted recommending that the Planning Commission adopt a Resolution recommending that the City Council approve the Draft Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission did review and consider the Negative Declaration and Draft Climate Action Plan, all said reports, recommendations and testimony herein above set forth prior to making its recommendation. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the foregoing recitals are true and correct and made a part of this Resolution. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City of Dublin Planning Commission does hereby recommend that the City Council adopt a Resolution approving the Draft Climate Action Plan, with the City Council Resolution attached as Exhibit A. 2of3 Is~~~ 1~1 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 26t" day of October 2010 by the following vote: AYES: King, Brown, Swalwell, Schaub NOES: ABSENT: Wehrenberg ABSTAIN: ATTEST: Planning Manager Planning Commission Chair G:IPA#120101Dublin Climate Action Plan & Neg DecIPC Meeting 10.26.101PC Reso 10.26.10 CAP.doc 3 of 3