HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 3.1 Clean Air Plan CITY CLERK
AG EN DA STATEMENT
CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: April 6, 2004
SUBJECT: Presentation of the Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
Report Prepared by: Joni L. Pattillo, Assistant City Manager
ATTACHMENTS: 1 .) Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
2) November 4, 2003 Staff Report on the Clean Air Consortium
Checklist Program Sponsored by the Bay Area Quality
Management District
RECOMMENDATION: 1) Hear and accept the Presentation
2) Direct Staff to complete an analysis on the Clean Air Plan
and report back the findings and recommendations to City
Council
FINANCIAL STATEMENT: None at this time. Based on the direction given by City Ccuncil
there may be cost implications of implementing some of the
elements listed in the Clean Air Plan but further Staff analysis would
be required as to the order of maghitude.
DESCRIPTION:
In 2003, Scott Haggerty the First District Supervisor of Alameda County commissioned the development
of a report, Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley. The Clean Air Plan has been completed and was presented
to the Board of Supervisors on March 2, '2004. There was request by Supervisor Haggerty that he along
with Ellen Garvey would make a presentation to the Dublin City Council to go over the highlights of the
Plan. The eventual outcome that Supervisor Haggerty seeks is that each of the City Councils would
consider the adoption and implementation the Clean Air Plan after each of the City's have had an
opportunity to evaluate the various components of the Plan.
COPIES TO: Supervisor Haggerty, Alameda Cotmty (w/o attach)
Dawn P. Argula, Deputy Chief of Staff (w/o attach.)
Ellen Garvey, Supervisor Haggerty's Office (w/o attach.)
H/cc-forms/agdastmt.doc
In reviewing some of the measures referenced in the Clean Air Plan there are several measures that
overlap the Bay Area Quality Management Districts- Clean Air Consortium Checklist that was adopted by
City Council at its November 4, 2003 meeting. Staff recommends that City Council direct staff to
complete an analysis of the Clean Air Plan and report back the findings and recommendations to City
Council.
The Clean Air Plan
is a colleCtion of
voluntary measures
developed specifiCallY
for the Tri-Vallb~Areal
ThrOugh the
cooperation of
citizens, businesses
and governments in,
apPlying the measures
of the Plan, clean air
can be a reality in
Our communities.
Commissioned by
ScOtt Haggerty
First District SUpervisor
Alameda County
Board of Supervisors
and Chair, Bay Area
Air Quality
Management District
Prepared by
Ellen Garvey and
Dave Howekamp
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
SCOTT HAGGERTY
SUPERVISOR, FIRST DISTRICT
January 2004
Dear Tri-Valley Community Member:
Achieving and maintaining clean air in our region is a priority for all of us. To help meet
this goal, I established a project to develop a Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area. The
Plan is a collection of voluntary measures that improve air quality in our community.
The measures contained in the plan may be implemented by local agencies, both small
and large businesses and organizations, and citizens who work and live in the Tri-Valley.
The plan also provides a description of the air quality in the Valley and the sources and
impacts of pollution. The Tri-Vallev's commitment to achieving and maintaining clean
air quality will be vitally important as it contends with the impacts of projected
population growth.
The Clean Air Plan also serves as a model for use by other communities in the Bay Area.
We will all benefit as more communities throughout the region begin to formally adopt
these voluntary measures.
Soon, I will be presenting the final Clean Air Plan to city councils in Livermore,
Pleasanton and Dublin. I will request that they adopt the plan and implement the
measures in a manner that is most effective for each community. The Plan will also be
distributed to other public agencies in the Th-Valley. Additional copies may be
downloaded from my Alameda County web page at
www.acgov.org/board/districtl/index.htm and click on the "Clean Air Plan" icon.
I encourage you to examine the Clean Air Plan and to consider what measures you, your
family or your organization is willing to implement. Working together, we will be able
to maintain air quality that is clean and healthy for all of us.
SiNcerely,
Alameda County Board of ~upervisors
Chair, Bay Area Air Quality Management District
1221 OAK STREET · SUITE 536 * OAI/2LAND, CALIFORNIA 94612 * 510 272-6691 * FAX 510 208-3910
4501 PLEASANTON AVENUE * PLEASANTON, CALIFORNIA 94566 * 925 551-6995 * FAX 925 484-2809
PRINTED BY UNION LABOR · LOCALS 342 & 616
Clean Air Plan
for the Tri-Valley Area
Livermore, Pleasanton, Dublin, Sunol
January 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive
A
2
summary ......................................
Air Quality in the Tri-Valley Area:
Causes, Effects and Current Status .......... 6
Voluntary Clean Air Measures .................... 14
Technology .......................................
1
5
Transportation .................................. 20
Land Use .......................................... 26
Public Education .............................. 28
Appendix, Acronyms ................................... 30
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area I
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
The quality of the air we breathe is a vital concern for all Americans. The very young
and the very old are especially vulnerable, but even healthy young adults suffer as well.
Air pollution causes respiratory problems, hospitalization for heart or lung disease, and
even premature death. In addition, poor air quality affects our ability to see our vistas
and landmarks and can impact aquatic life, vegetation, and animals.
Fortunately, air quality in the Bay Area and the Tri-Valley Area has improved greatly in
the past 30 years, thanks to aggressive control programs adopted by government
agencies and the voluntary efforts of the area's citizens. However, still more needs to
be done to achieve all the health-based air quality standards. Maintenance of these
standards will be even more difficult in light of the anticipated population growth and the
resulting pollution from more vehicles and economic activity. Under the Clean Air Act,
failure to make adequate progress in attaining and maintaining the standards can also
jeopardize Federal transportation funding to the Bay Area.
Tri-Valley Area Air Quality
The Tri-Valley Area, in particular, is at high risk because most violations of the ozone
air quality standards in the Bay Area Occur at the Livermore monitoring station. The
Tri-Valley Area is now a major residential and employment center in its own right, in
addition to being downwind of several major freeways and industrial areas. The
mountains surrounding the Tri-Valley Area tend to trap pollutants so when weather
conditions are right, such as very hot summer days or very cold winter nights, the
emissions from vehicles and other activities create unhealthfUl air that sometimes
exceeds the standards.
The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), the Air Resources Board
(ARB) of California, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) all
have different and complementary responsibilities in cleaning up and protecting our
air quality.
The BAAQMD (www. baaqmd.gov) is responsible for adopting plans, programs and
regulations that reduce air pollution from factories and other stationary sources and
works with local governments and transportation agencies to reduce pollution from
2 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
~- various transportation sources. The BAAQMD is a regional agency with jurisdiction
r over the following nine Bay Area counties: San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara,
Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, and portions of Sonoma and Solano. ARB of
"'" California (www. arb.ca.gov) is responsible for adopting emission standards for new
~ vehicles and off-road equipment; and provides funding, technical guidance and support
r to the BAAQMD and local governments. The U.S. EPA (www.epa.gov) is responsible
for implementing the Clean Air Act across the country and adopts national health-based
~'~ ambient standards, adopts emission regulations for vehicles and fuels, adopts minimum
"'"' performance standards for state and local governments, and then provides oversight of
,,-- their performance.
Health Standards Can Be Achieved
Through Voluntary Actions
,,-- The clean air plans and regulations adopted by the BAAQMD, and approved by ARB of
,_. California and the U.S. EPA, are extremely comprehensive addressing big and small
stationary sources as well as on- and off-road mobile sources. However, because
~ achieving and maintaining the health standards is so difficult, voluntary actions by
,'-' citizens, businesses, cities, and counties are needed to build on and enhance these
~, mandatory, regulatory programs.
~' In early 2003, at the request of the First District Supervisor Scott Haggerty, the Alameda
.,¢.-~ County Board of Supervisors approved funding to develop a Clean Air Plan for the
,¢-,. Tri-ValleyArea. A draft Plan was prepared in June 2003 and distributed to key
stakeholders in the Tri-Valley Area. As many Valley stakeholders as possible were
contacted to explain the purpose and elements of the draft Plan and to receive feedback
"" about how the Plan could be improved. The Plan that follows reflects their review and
~ incorporates their specific suggestions for improvement. During the discussions, it
~ became clear that the stakeholders of the Valley are already implementing many of
these measures. This is evidence of the commitment of the Tri-Valley Area to clean air
~" and bodes well for the future implementation of the suggested measures in this Plan.
~, This Plan is alsO intended as a model for the Bay Area as a whole. Government,
,,--.~ employers, and residents of other communities beyond the Tri-Valley Area can
~..~ hopefully benefit from it as well.
~.--.
~ ~..., Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 3
The Clean Air Plan Provides
Valuable Resources
The
Clean
Air
Plan
is a collection of voluntary measures that have been developed
specifically for the Tri-Valley Area. Implementation of these measures will be a step
towards reducing high levels of ozone and particulate matter (PM), resulting in cleaner
air and fewer excesses of the standards. These measures are organized in four
categories:
Technology measures that rely on technological devices or Cleaner fuels to
reduce emissions from sources; for example, conversion of a vehicle to burn
natural gas instead of gasoline.
Transportation control measures that improve or modify a transportation
system or element to reduce emissions from vehicles; for example, improving
mass transit opportunities.
Land use measures that modify or improve land use policies or plans to
minimize emissions generation from vehicles and other human activities; for
example adoption of smart growth policies by local government.
Public education measures that seek to educate citizens about what they can
do to reduce pollution; for example, using environmental education curriculum in
K-12 schools.
A brief description of each measure is provided, as well as identification of the entity
that would most likely implement the measure, the pollutant addressed, and potential
funding sources. More detailed information about each of the measures, including the
experiences of other cities and government agencies in implementing similar measures,
can be accessed through the websites listed.
In addition to the measures, there is an overview of the air quality setting in the
Tri-Valley area, along with a description of the ozone and Particulate standards. Finally,
the appendix defines and explains the acronyms used throughout the Plan.
If you are interested in aCcessing this plan electronically, please visit the Alameda
County website at http:llwww.acgov.orglboardldistrictllindex.htm. Click on the link to
the Clean Air Plan.
4 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
~-.
f-. What Can You Do To Help?
~ Although one-third of these measures are already being implemented, additional effort
is needed in the Tri-Valley Area to reduce harmful levels of air pollution. Therefore, as a
,---- next step, all stakeholders should review the Plan to identify which measures they
~ would find useful in their area. In some cases, special resources (identified in the Plan)
may be available to help fund some of the measures.
,"- The goal is that cities and other agencies adopt this Plan and implement as many
~-.~ measures as possible. Existing and new employers should be encouraged to implement
those measures that are applicable to their specific situations. And finally, key to
~ effectively maintaining clean air quality will be the acceptance and participation by
residents in implementing appropriate measures in the Plan.
The Plan should be considered to be a work in progress. As new measures or
technologies become available, they should be incorporated into the Plan. Through the
"-'~ cooperation of citizens, businesses and governments in implementing the measures of
,,"- the Plan, clean air can be a perpetual reality in the Tri-Valley Area.
.~.
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 5
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA:
CAUSES, EFFECTS AND CURRENT STATUS
Introduction
Breathing air pollution such as ozone (a primary ingredient in urban smog), particulate
matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and lead can have numerous
effects on human health, including respiratory problems, hospitalization for heart or lung
disease, and even premature death. Some can also have effects on aquatic life,
vegetation, and animals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the California
Air Resources Board have established National and State Ambient Air Quality
Standards for these pollutants to protect human health and our ecology. The primary
pollutants affecting air quality in the Bay Area are ground-level ozone and particulate
matter.
The Tri-Valley Area, in particular, is at high risk because most violations of the ozone air
quality standards in the Bay Area occur at the Livermore monitoring station. Violations
of the particulate matter standard are also seen at the Livermore station. The Tri-Valley
Area is now a major residential and employment center in its own right, in addition to
being downwind of several major freeways and industrial areas. The mountains
surrounding the Tri-Valley Area tend to trap pollutants so when weather conditions are
right, such as very hot summer days or very cold winter nights, the emissions from
vehicles and other activities create unhealthful air that often exceeds the standards.
Why does the Livermore Valley have a tendency to have higher air pollution
levels than the surrounding areas?
The Livermore Valley is a sheltered, inland valley with 1,000 to 1,500 foot hills on its
eastern and western slopes and 3,000 to 3,500 foot high mountains on its south side.
Due to its topography, the potential for elevated pollution levels increases when the air
is stagnant and the temperatures are high. Winds from the west pick up ozone
precursor pollutants as they move across the cities around the San Francisco Bay and
carry them into the Livermore Valley. Locally generated emissions, added to these
pollutants, are transformed into ozone during the hot, sunny days that are common to
this area. When the area is under a high-pressure system, light winds combined with
an inversion, act to trap the pollutants within the valley, resulting in ozone levels above
6 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
,,_.. AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
national standards. Air quality, overall, has improved in the Livermore Valley with
excesses of the one-hour federal ozone standard declining from over 50 days in the late
1960's to one or two days per year in recent years.
~ During the winter months in the Livermore Valley, strong high-pressure systems
sometimes develop, leading to the formation of surface-based temperature inversions.
Pollutants such as particulate matter (PM)--from motor vehicles, fireplaces and
~' agricultural burning can build up and become trapped close to the ground. PM
~-- concentrations are highest at night and in the early morning hours, especially on clear,
,,... calm, cold nights.
OZONE
Ozone (03) is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms. It is not usually emitted directly
into the air, but is created at ground level by a chemical reaction between oxides of
nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the presence of heat and
sunlight.
,... VOC + NOx + Heat + Sunlight = Ozone
Ozone has the same chemical structure whether it occurs miles above the earth or at
,"'~ ground level and can be "good" or "bad," depending on its location in the atmosphere.
..-. "Good" ozone occurs naturally in the stratosphere approximately 10 to 30 miles above
the earth's surface and forms a layer that protects life on earth from the sun's harmful
rays. In the earth's lower atmosphere, ground-level ozone is considered "bad." Motor
~ vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions, combustion, gasoline vapors, and chemical
,,-. solvents are some of the major sources of NOx and VOC that form ozone. Sunlight, hot
weather and Iow wind cause ground-level ozone to form in harmful concentrations in the
air. As a result, it is known as a summertime air pollutant. Many urban areas tend to
"-" have high levels of "bad" ozone, but even rural areas are also subject to increased
~ ozone levels because wind carries ozone, and pollutants that form it, hundreds of miles
~ away from their original sources.
"-" The pie charts in Figure 1 show the breakdown of NOx and VOC emissions for Alameda
~'", County. Note that the vast majority of NOx emissions (91%) come from mobile sources.
~ On-road mobile sources include cars, trucks, and buses. Off-road mobile sources
include construction equipment, boats and aircraft. For VOC, the majority of emissions
also come from mobile sources. Industry also contributes a significant portion of VOC
~" emissions.
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 7
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
Emissions Profile for Alameda County '~
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) ~
Consumer Products Naturally Occurring
10% 14% / '~ ~ Industry ~1~
Industry / 9%
27%
Mobile:
Mobile: On- and
On- and
Off-Road \ /
Off-Road 91% J~ J ~1~
49%
Figure 1 Source: BAAQMD ~11
VOC + NOx + Heat + Sunlight = Ozone
These charts illustrate the greatest contributors of VOC and NOx emissions in MJ
Alameda County, leading to ground-level ozone and unhealthy air. ~lJ
Federal l-Hour Ozone Level Standard: Number of Excesses per Year
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
~ D ~1 Bay ~ea Stations 3 3 I 2 1
~ Liver~re Monitoring 2 2 0 2 1
~ Station
Figure 2 Sourm: B~QMD
This cha~ illustrates the number of excesses of the Federal l-Hour Ozone Standard in the Bay Area and in
Alameda County, and to what degree Alameda County contributed to Bay Area excesses. For example, based
monitoring station readings, in 1999 and 2000 Alameda County created two of the three Bay Area ozone
excesses. In 200~ Alameda County created no excesses, while in 2002 and 2003 was solely responsible.
8 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
~ As Figure 2 illustrates, the number of excesses of the Federal 1-Hour Ozone Standard
in the Bay Area is decreasing. An exceedance occurs when ozone levels are above the
standard for more than 60 consecutive minutes on any day at any monitoring station.
Most of these excesses in the Bay Area occur in Livermore. This is due in part to
,-'- Livermore's location (downwind from several major freeways and industry). It is also
~ due to the very warm weather found in the Tri-Valley region. Ozone is formed on very
hot summer days. Typically, these are days when the temperature is near or exceeding
¢-. 100 degrees in the Tri-Valley Area.
Effects of Ground-Level Ozone on Human Health and the Environment:
Health Problems - even at Iow levels, ozone can adversely affect everyone.
· Ozone can irritate lung airways and cause inflammation much like a sunburn.
""' Other symptoms include wheezing, coughing, pain when taking a deep
,"". breath, and breathing difficulties during exercise or outdoor activities. People
~ with respiratory problems are most vulnerable, but even healthy people that
are active outdoors can be affected when ozone levels are high.
· Repeated exposure to ozone pollution for several months may cause
permanent lung damage. Anyone who spends time outdoors in the summer
"'" is at risk, particularly children and other people who are active outdoors.
· Even at very Iow levels, ground-level ozone triggers a variety of health
f-- problems including aggravated asthma, reduced lung capacity, and increased
,,.-.,~ susceptibility to respiratory illnesses like pneumonia and bronchitis.
Plant and Ecosystem Damage
· Ground-level ozone interferes with the ability of plants to produce and store
~'"' food, which makes them more susceptible to disease, insects, other
~"'.. pollutants, and harsh weather.'
,"" · Ozone damages the leaves of trees and other plants, ruining the appearance
~ of cities, national parks, and recreation areas.
~ · Ozone reduces crop and forest yields and increases plant vulnerability to
~ disease, pests, and harsh weather.
Clean Air Plan for the Td-Valley Area 9
.~"~
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
PARTICULATE MA TTER
Particulate matter, or PM, is the term for particles found in the air, including dust, dirt,
soot, smoke, and liquid droplets. Particles can be suspended in the air for long periods
of time. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen as soot or smoke. Others
are so small that individually they can only be detected With an electron microscope.
Fine particulate matter is of greatest concern because it can bypass the body's natural
filtration systems and lodge deep in the lungs.
Some particles are directly emitted into the air. They come from a variety of sources
such as cars, trucks, buses, factories, construction sites, tilled fields, unpaved roads,
stone crushing, and burning of Wood. Other particles may be formed in the air from the
chemical change of gases. They are indirectly formed when gases from burning fuels
react with sunlight and water vapor. These can result from fuel combustion in motor
vehicles, at power plants, and in other industrial processes. The pie chart in Figure 3
shows the contribution of particulate emissions in Alameda County.
Emissions Profile for Alameda County
Particulate Matter
Geological Dust Commercial Cooking
(construction, road dust) 12%
10%
Metals & Minerals Manufact.
1%
Mobile: ~ Wood Burning
On- and Off-Road 37%
40%
Source: BAAQMD
Figure 3
This chart illustrates the greatest contributors of particulate matter in Alameda County.
Particulate excesses occur in the winter on cold, still days.
10 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
I
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
,"", As Figure 4 below illustrates, the number of excesses of the State Particulate Matter
~. Standard (PM10)is holding steady at 2-4 per year for the Tri-Valley Area. "PM 10"
stands for "Particulate Matter less than 10 microns in size." Ten microns is roughly one-
tenth the diameter of a human hair. These very small particles can penetrate deeply into
~'"' lung tissue where they can adversely affect our health. Excesses of this standard occur
,~---,, not only in the Tri-Valley Area, but also at other inland valley locations in the Bay Area.
The mountains in these areas tend to trap the pollutants. Strong inversions alsO trap
PollUtants near the SUrfaCel While ozone excesses OccUr on hot summer days,
"'"" particulate excesses occur in the winter on cold, still days. Days with strong inversions
,"'.. are conducive to high levels of pollution. Strong inversions occur in the winter, and trap
,-~ the pollutants near the ground, where we breathe them. These strong inversions can
last several days at a time.
California 24-hour Particulate Matter (PM) lO Standard:
Number of Measured Days Exceeding the Standard
10
9
~'~ ~ 8
o
r.~ 0
:}000 2001 2002
~"'"' []All Bay Area 7 10 6
~. 2 3 4
~.~ Source: BAAQMD
Figure 4
The number of measured excesses of the California 24-hour PM Standard in the Bay Area and Livermore.
For example, in 2000 Alameda County created two of the seven excesses of particulate matter.
(Note: Sampling does not occur every day. Therefore, the number of excesses may be more than measured.)
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 11
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
Effects of Particulate Matter on Human Health and the Environment:
Health Problems
Many scientific studies have linked breathing PM to a series of significant health
problems, including:
· aggravated asthma
· increased respiratory symptoms like coughing and difficult or painful breathing
· chronic bronchitis
· decreased lung function
· premature death
Visibility Impairment
PM is the major cause of reduced visibility (haze) in parts of the United States, including
many of our national parks.
Atmospheric Deposition
Particles can be carried over long distances by wind and then settle on ground or water.
The effects of this settling include:
· making lakes and streams acidic
· changing the nutrient balance in coastal waters and large river basins
· depleting the nutrients in soil
· damaging sensitive forests and farm crops
· affecting the diversity of ecosystems
Aesthetic Damage
Soot, a type of PM, stains and damages stone and other materials, including culturally
important objects such as monuments and statues.
GROWTH AND AIR QUALITY
Air quality in the Bay Area and the Tri-Valley Area has improved greatly in the past 30
years, thanks to aggressive control programs adopted by government agencies and the
voluntary efforts of the area's citizens. However, still more needs to be done to achieve
all the ambient air quality standards. Maintenance of these standards will be even more
difficult in light of the anticipated population growth and the resulting pollution from more
vehicles and economic activity.
12 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
AIR QUALITY IN THE TRI-VALLEY AREA
More people are choosing to live and work in the Tri-Valley area, and more people are
commuting through this area on their way to work. This means more cars on the road,
which means our total vehicles miles traveled is increasing. We are driving our cars
further and further each year. Many people have daily commutes that are as long as
two hours. As Figures 5 and 6 indicate, the population and vehicle miles traveled for
the Tri-Valley Area have increased substantially during the past several years, and are
projected to continue to grow.
Tri-Valley
Tri-Valley Population Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT)
per Day
220,00( 7
200,00( 6
yl 21..7,300 J-
'~ 160',00C 168'9061
... , 4.z I
~' 140,00( ~ 3 [ 3.9 J
120,00C 2
100,00C 1
2000 2005 2010 VMT sources: MTC 2000 2005 2010
Year Population sources: ABAG Year
Figure 5 Figure 6
These charts illustrate the increase in population and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the Tri-Valley Area.
Therefore, even though the emissions of individual cars will continue to decrease in the
years ahead (due to much cleaner engines in newer vehicles), the increase in the total
number cars and vehicle miles traveled will make achieving and maintaining the
standards very challenging. Also, because much of the PM10 emissions from motor
vehicles come from road dust kicked up as the vehicles travel rather than out of the
tailpipe, increases in VMT will result in increased emissions of PM10, regardless of
cleaner engine technology. On a positive note, transportation and transit improvements
planned for the 1-580 and 1-680 corridors, such as HOV/Smart lanes and expanded rail
and bus service, will help to address the air quality in the long term.
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 13
VOLUNTARY MEASURES
FOR CONSIDERATION
The Clean Air Plan is a collection of voluntary measures that have been developed
specifically for the Tri-Valley Area. These measures are organized in four categories:
technology, transportation, land use, and public education. To assist you in taking
action to safeguard your community's air quality, this Plan includes:
· Clean air measures for each category.
· Brief description of each clean air measure.
· Identification of the air pollutant(s) reduced by the measure.
· Identification of the entity (les) likely to implement the measure.
· Possible funding sources for many of the measures.
· Websites containing more detailed information about each of the measures,
including the experiences of other cities and government agencies imple-
meriting similar measures. Accessing an electronic version of the Plan will
allow you to hotlink directly to these websites. Easy access to an electronic
version can be found at Supervisor Haggerty's website at:
http:l/www.acgov.org/board/districtllindex.htm. Click on the link to the
Clean Air Plan.
14 Clean Air Plan fOr the Tri-¥alley Area
,~--, VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
r TECHNOLOGY TECH 3. Purchase Alternative Fuel (CNG,
LNG, LPG) or Electric Vehicles
'f" When replacing or adding to fleets, em ployers
~-. should strongly consider purchasing alternative
TECH 1. Purchase Low Emission Vehicles fuel and electric vehicles. These vehicles are
? (SULEV or best available) especially appropriate where fleet equipment
r When replacing or adding gasoline-powered operates in defined areas or cam puses.and
vehicles to fleets, employers should maximize refueling or charging is easily accomplished at
~'- percentage of SULEVs, PZEVs and/or ZEVs~ (or the home work site. CNG, LNG and LPG2
? lowest-emitting available alternative) purchased, all can be used in heavy-duty applications
In general, SULEVs and PZEVs should be able and produce less NOx emissions than
~"'~ to perform most average tasks and will result in diesel engines.
substantial emission reductions compared to Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
regular certified models. Appfies to: Vehicle Fleets
~ Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
Appfies to: Vehicle Fleets Government, and many others
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Potential Funding Sources: Clean Cities (DOE
~'-- Government, and many others program); TFCA (vehicle registration fund);
Potential Funding Sources: Lower-Emission School Bus Program; Vehicle
4'~ References: Incentive Program
~ www.ci.austin.tx, us/airquality/downloads/ozonered ucti References:
on .pdf; www.ci.austin .tx. us/airq uality/downloads/ozonereducti
~--- www.tn rcc.state.tx.us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk.pdf; on. pdf;
www.airquality.org/modelord/index.shtml www.cityofla.org/EAD/EADWebAQD/AlternativeFuelM
~ obile.htm;
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
~ w.shtml;
~-' TECH 2. Lawnmower and Garden Equipment www.greatvalley, org/oca/action_plan.pdf;
www.the-partnership.org/abouLus.htm;
,,_, Trade-in Program www.aqmd.gov/aq mp/docs/Draff_CHAP7.pdf
Cities and/or county could establish a
subsidy/rebate program for residents to trade-in
their existing two and older four-stroke off-road
engines such as lawn, garden and other TECH 4. WoodstovelFireplace Replacement
maintenance utility equipment for replacement Incentives/rebates to replace non-EPA certified
with four stroke engines or electric motors. By stoves with natural gas stoves. Also retrofit
~-' taking such engines permanently out of service, woodburning fireplaces to burn natural gas.
~,,-~ emissions will be substantially reduced.
Pollutant: PM
Pollutant: NOxNOC Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents
/~ Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
~,~, Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Government; BAAQMD incentive
Government, and many others programs/model ordinance
~' Potential Funding Sources: Potential Funding Sources:
References: References:
/'" www.deq.state.ok, us/AQDnew/whatsnew/SlP/EAC.htm;
~,, www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie www.sparetheair.org
w.shtm
1 SULEV: Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle; PZEV: Partial 2 CNG: Compressed Natural Gas; LNG: Liquid Natural Gas;
Zero Emission Vehicle; ZEV: Zero Emission Vehicle LPG: Liquid Propane Gas
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 15
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
TECH 5. EncouraRe Private Sector Fleets to TECH 7. Exceptional Vehicle Maintenance
Purchase Alternative Fuel Vehicles Proper maintenance of fleets can reduce fuel
Using their own programs as a model, the cities demand up to 15 percent and reduce emissions
could establish programs to encourage large by insuring vehicles are operating as designed.
employers to include alternative fuel and electric Timely preventive maintenance includes regular
vehicles in their fleets. Shared infrastructure for tune-ups, filter replacements, and engine
refueling stations and recharging stands could diagnostics.
help to facilitate such programs for both cities Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
and the private sector. Applies to: City/County-Owned Fleets
Pollutant VOC/NOx/PM Additional Organizations Involved: City of Austin
Applies to: Private companies or large non- Potential Funding Sources:
profits References:
Additional Organizations Involved: City of San www. ci.austin.tx, us/airquality/downloads/ozonereducti
Francisco on.pdf
Potential Funding Sources:
References:
www.ci.sf, ca. us/sfenviron ment/facts/clean_air, htm
TECH 8. Establish Fundin.q Incentive
Pro.qram for Private On-Road Trucks
This measure would be modeled after the Port
TECH 6. Heavy Duty Diesel Retrofits of Oakland, Sacramento SECAT and South
Emissions from existing diesel engines can be Coast Gateway Cities programs that fund
substantially reduced by the use of emulsified replacement and scrappage of old diesel trucks
diesel fuel, which can be used without (pre-1984) with newer less polluting models
modification to the engine. Aftertreatment (1994 or newer used trucks). Participants in the
devices, which are add-on traps and catalysts program are partially reimbursed for the cost of
not requiring substantial engine modification, are purchasing newer diesel trucks that are more
now readily available for many diesel highway reliable, cleaner, and fuel efficient.
trucks and much off-road equipment. Both Pollutant: NOx/PM
emulsified fuel and add-on devices reduce NOx Applies to: Independent Truck Owners
and PM emissions substantially. Additional Organizations Involved: Port of
Pollutant: NOx/PM Oakland, Sacramento; Gateway Cites (Los
Applies to: Cities, Counties, School District and Angeles County)
Employer-Owned Fleets Potential Funding Sources: TFCA; CMAQ;
Additional Organizations Involved: Texas Council special state &/or Federal appropriation
on Environmental Quality, Houston References:
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA; Lower- www.4secat.com;
Emission School Bus Program; Carl Moyer www. gatewaycog.org/cleanairprogram/index.html
Program
References:
www.tn rcc. state .tx. us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk, pdf;
www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtml;
www.greatvalley.org/oca/action_plan, pdf;
www.epa.gov/otaq/retroflt/overview, htm;
www.pscleanair.org/dieselsolutions/ds_overview.shtml
16 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
lq
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATI~I
TECH 9. Green Contracting Ordinance TECH 11. Establish Police Bicycle Patrols
The cities and county could adopt policies This measure would replace motor vehicles for
requiring contractors (including garbage community policing, parking enforcement, park
disposal) to procure and to operate alternative ranger patrols and security patrol. The primary
fuel of super ultra Iow-emission gasoline goal would be to generate reductions in motor
vehicles (SULEV), and ARB certified off-road vehicle emissions and VMT through the use of
equipment and heavy-duty on-road trucks that bicycles in place of motor vehicles. In addition to
have been equipped with ARB verified emission this primary goal, the cities would alSo lower
control devices. In addition, municipal contracts maintenance costs and improve community and
could require bidders to agree to specifications public relations. Bicycle officers are often
that require specified actions on Spare-the-Air viewed as more approachable by the pUblic than
days, enhancements for carpooling and mass officers in motor vehicles. This improved public
transit for their employees, and other measures interaction can help to improve officer morale,
that parallel those implemented by the cities decrease sick-time, and increase productivity.
themselves. Pollutant: VOC/NOx
Pollutant: vOC/NOx/PM Applies to: City/County Pollce DePartments
Applies to: City/County Contractors Fleets Additional Organizations Involved: City of
Additional Organizations Involved: City of Austin, Livermore
TUlsa Area Potential Funding SOurces:
Potential Funding Sources: References:
References: www.cityofla.org/EAD/EADWeb-AQD/bikepatrols.htm;
www. airq uality.org/modelord/index.shtml; www.ci.sf, ca.us/sfe nvironment/facts/clean air. htm
www. ci.austin.tx.us/airquality/downloads/ozonered ucti
on.pdf;
www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/oPrd/rule_lib/hga-appk, pdf;
www.deq.state.ok.us/AQDnew/whatsnew/SlP/docume TECH 12. Two Stroke Small Engine Program
nts/Tulsastrategies.doc Handheld and non-handheld lawn and garden
equipment account for over 75% of the
population of small off-road equipment. A
program to upgrade such utility equipment with
TECH 10. Diesel Locomotive Retrofits
four stroke engines or electric motors would
EmisSiOns frOm exiSting diesel locomotiVe substantially reduce pollution. Likewise, limiting
engines can be substantially reduced by the use or deferring the use of this equipment on Spare-
of emulsified diesel fuel, which can be used the-Air days should be a city and employer
without modification to the engine, policy.
Affertreatment devices, which are add-on traps Pollutant: NOxNOC
and catalysts not requiring substantial engine Applies to: Lawn and garden equipment
modification, could also be explored for
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
locomotives as well. Both emulsified fuel and Government, and many others
add-on devices reduce NOx and PM emissions Potential Funding Sources:
substantially. References:
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
Applies to: Commuter and freight railroads w.shtml
Additional Organizations Involved: Joint Powers
Agencies
POtential Funding Sources: CMAQ, Carl Moyer
Program
References:
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtml;
www.tnrcclstate.tx, us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk.pdf
Clean Air Plan forthe Tri-Valley Area 17
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION ~O % ~'
TECH '13. Gas Can Trade-in Program TECH '15. Clean Air Consortium
Replacing portable gas cans, like those Used to The BAAQMD is asking public agencies to
fuel lawnmowers, with ARB-compliant cans participate in this consortium, and to voluntarily
substantially reduces VOC emissions. The reduce activities that pollute on Spare the Air
cities could address this issue by conducting DaYs. Activities include: rescheduling the use
programs that allow citizens to trade in old gas of gasoline powered lawn and garden equipment
cans and in return receive a rebate, discount or (electric equipment is ok), rescheduling surface
even free environmentally friendly cans. Also, coating and painting projects, and Postponing
ensuring city workers have Iow emitting gas refueling vehicles until the end of the day. Cities
cans with a city logo on them, would help spread are encouraged to "sign on" to this voluntary
the word that they are environmentally designed, agreement, and to help publicize their
Pollutant: VOC participation in this effort.
Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents; City & Employer Pollutant: NOx/VOC/PM
Fleets Applies to: City/County-Owned Equipment and
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Fleets
Government/Chicago Additional Organizations Involved: Bay Area
Potential Funding Sources: cities and counties; BAAQMD
References: Potential Funding Sources:
www.cleanaircounts.org/default.cfm?page=strategies References:
&strategy=gascan_b http://www.sparetheair.org;
www.co.marin.ca.us/EFiles/BS/AgMn/03_0715/html/It
em-CA-2b-memo, pdf;
www.co.sanmateo.ca.us/bos.dir/BosAgendas/agenda
TECH '14. Replace or Retrofit Streetsweepers s2003/currentagenda/20030812 r 12.htm;
Purchasing new EPA-certified PM 10 efficient Clean Air Consortium Checklist
street sweepers, rather than the traditional rotary
brush sweepers, would reduce dust on
roadways without sending particles into the air.
Emissions from the engines could also be
reduced by purchasing new alternative fueled
sweepers or retrofitting existing sweepers.
Pollutant: NOx/PM
Applies to: City/County-Owned Equipment
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
Government, and many others
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
References:
18 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
r--, VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
~ TECH 16. Clean Construction Equipment
Retrofitting construction equipment with controls
- ~ reduces NOx and particulates. Most
~ development projects are done in or near town.
Controls would reduce smoke and odor from this
~-' equipment during operation. Also, development
~r--,, agreements could specify that only ARB
compliant equipment could be used during
~'~ construction with additional retrofits added.
Pollutant: NOx/PM
Applies to: Developers
/'- Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
Government, and many others
Potential Funding Sources: Carl Moyer Program
? References:
www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk.pdf;
f~ www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/wsO306/wsO306Ovie
w.shtml;
~-' www.epa.gov/otaq/retrofit/overview.htm;
www. pscleanair, org/dieselsolutions/ds_overview.shtml
TECH 17, Good Fueling Practices
Entities would adopt policies for employees to
refuel later in the day, avoid topping off the tank,
and make sure the nozzle is fully drained before
removing from the vehicle. Reducing spillage
during fueling will reduce VOC emissions from
both gasoline and diesel fueling. Fueling
vehicles later in the day reduces the potential for
ozone, because the emissions take several
hours to form, and need high temperatures.
Fueling in the evening means lower
temperatures, and less sunlight.
Pollutant VOC
Applies to: Fleets owned by Cities/Counties &
large employers
Additional Organizations Involved: Air Quality
Agencies, and many others
Potential Funding Sources:
References:
www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtm
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 19
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
TRANSPORTATION TRAN 3. Carpool/Vanpool/Transit Promotion
Employers can aggressively recruit participants
for vanpools and carpools by establishing in-
house coordinators or utilizing the RIDES Bay
TRAN 1. Telework Area matching service. Other incentives include
Teleworking, also known as telecommuting, financial incentives and preferred parking for
replaces travel to, from and for work with carpool vehicles. Employers and public agencies
telecommunications technologies. It refers to can also establish "Guaranteed Ride Home
working at home or another location on a full- or Programs" for emergencies to encourage
part-time basis. Many employees telework only employee use of carpooling and mass transit.
once or twice per week. On the other hand, Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
some employees telework full time and only go Applies to: Employers and Employees
to the office on an occasional basis. Even part- Additional Organizations Involved: Rides for Bay
time telecommuting reduces auto use and Area Commuters, City & County Employers,
emissions. Private Employers, and many others
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Potential Funding Sources:
Applies to: Employers and Employees References:
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County http://www.rides.org/main/index.htm;
http://www.511 .org;
Employers, Private Employers, and many others www.ci.sf, ca.us/sfenVironment/facts/clean air.htm
Potential Funding Sources: -
References:
www.ci.austin.tx.us/airquality/downloads/ozonered ucti
on.pdf;
www.the-partnership.org/about_us.htm; TRAN 4. Transit Financial Incentives
www.tnrcc.state.tx, us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk.pdf Program
Employers can subsidize employees' monthly
transit passes or provide pre-tax payroll deduc-
tion programs. Commuter Checks are vouchers,
TRAN 2. Compressed Work Week provided by the employers, that may be re-
Allows eligible employees to work a compressed deemed for transit passes and tickets. Employer
schedule, typically four 10-hour days with the subsidies and pre-tax deductions are very effec-
fifth day off or nine nine-hour days over two tive in promoting transit use. For example,
weeks. Commute trips are reduced. Sensitive Pleasanton offers a Financial Incentives Pro-
timekeeping issues include overtime, vacation gram to its city employees. Any employee who
and holiday scheduling. Reduces VMT by up to opts to use alternative modes of transportation
one round trip per week. to get to work is given $2.00 per day. This
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM program is very successful, with 25 - 30% of
Applies to: Employers and Employees Pleasanton City staff using alternative modes.
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Employers, Private Employers, and many others Applies to: Employers and Employees
Potential Funding Sources: Additional Organizations Involved: Commuter
References: Check; Rides for Bay Area Commuters, City &
www.ci.austin.tx, us/airquality/downloads/ozonereducti County Employers, Private Employers, and
on.pdf; many other areas
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie Potential Funding Sources: Alameda County
w.shtml; CMA
www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-appk.pdf References:
www.commutercheck.com/home.html;
www.ci.sf.ca.us/sfenvironment/facts/clean_air, htm
20 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
· ~ TRAN 5. Bicycle & Pedestrian Infrastructure TRAN 7. Parkin.q Incentives
Improvements Parking Cash-Out programs offer monthly cash
~-' By providing ~mproved bike & pedestrian payments to em ployees who receive subsidized
amenities such as bike racks, bike lanes and parking and are willing to forego a parking space
paths, upgraded sidewalks, crosswalks, and to encourage them to not use their cars for
~ showers/lockers at work sites, local commuting. Successful parking cash-out
~_. governments, employers, and others can programs can also result in net savings to the
encourage walking and biking as viable employer, as fewer leased parking spaces are
,--- transportation options. Walking and biking can required. State law requires certain employers
reduce auto use for trips to work, to school, to to offer parking cash out programs to their
~ shops and services, and other destinations, employees. The Alameda County CMA has
4--. Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM implemented a parking cash-out demonstration
Applies to: Cities, Tri-Valley Residents, program. Other parking incentive measures
"" Employees & Visitors include preferred parking for ridesharers.
~.~ Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Employers, and many others Applies to: Employers and Em ployees
~'~ Potential Funding Sources: TFCA, TLC Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
~..~. References: Em ployers; Private Employers
http://bicycling.511 .org; Potential Funding Sources:
~--,. www.baaqmd.gov/pln/polprevent/bicycles.asp; References:
www.vtpi.org/0_n mt.htm www.arb.ca.gov/planning/tsaq/cashoutJcashout, htm;
/-' www.ci.austin.tx, us/airq uality/downloads/ozonered ucti
,,....~ on.pdf
~" TRAN 6. Car Sharin,q Pro,qrams
Car share programs allow you to use a car when
you need it without incurring the fixed costs. You TRAN 8. Trip-Appropriate Vehicles
pay for just the time you use the car and the ("Right-Sizing")
miles you drive. Without the incentive to drive as Em ployer policies could be established that the
. much as possible--and with the means to pay most efficient vehicle possible should be
just the incremental costs of each individual selected for each staff trip, based on the number
-- trip--it makes sense to choose different modes of passengers, weight of cargo, and likelihood of
~ of transportation based on the specific off-road use. Vehicles used for City/County
~-. requirements of each trip. Car-sharing promotes business should default to a compact size car or
fair corn petition between modes of transport- SULEV unless a larger size vehicle is absolutely
~ ation by removing the incentive to drive and by required for the particular job. Smaller cars and
~.. making visible the real costs of each car trip. SULEV's produce fewer emissions per trip or
Additional programs could be modeled on the mile.
/-' successful Livermore car-sharing program Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
operated with LLL and Sandia. Applies to: Em ployers and Employees
~" Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Additional Organizations Involved: City of Austin
~'-h Applies to: Public & Private Employers Potential Funding Sources:
Additional Organizations Involved: City Carshare References:
~ Potential Funding Sources: TFCA www.ci.austin.tx.us/airquality/downloads/ozonereducti
~-- References: on.pdf
www.citycarshare.org/about/;
~ www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtm
C ean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 21
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION c~/ ~
TRAN 9. Congestion Relief Improvement TRAN 11. Dedicated Bus Lanes
Projects On major arterials, WHEELS buses are often
Cities should continue to install medians, left mixed with other types of vehicles (passenger
turn lanes and signals, rapidly clear traffic and commercial). By creating bus-only,
accidents, and provide advance notice of dedicated, exclusive lanes on the major
construction detours to improve traffic flow in arterials, WHEELS buses can be more
their jurisdictions. They also should continue to competitive in congestion. WHEELS buses
implement their joint project for regional signal using dedicated bus lanes will reduce travel time
timing to improve traffic flow through the entire for bus passengers, and will provide more
valley. Decreased stop-and-go and idling incentives for people to stop driving and take
reduces emissions. When providing such mass transit.
improvements, safety improvements, safety for Pollutant; NOx/PM
pedestrians and cyclists must be assured. Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents & Visitors
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents & Visitors Government, and many others
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Potential Funding Sources: CMAQ; TFCA
Government, and many others References:
Potential Funding Sources: CMAQ; TFCA www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
References: w.shtml
www,ci.austin.tx, us/airquality/downloads/ozonered ucti
on.pdf;
http://66.42.64.23 l/oca/index.aspx;
www,the-partnership.org/about_us.htm; TRAN 12. Neiqhborhood Electric Vehicles
www.aqmd.gov/aqmp/docs/Draff_CHAP7.pdf Developing and funding a program that provides
electric vehicles for neighborhood residents for
local trips would replace trips using personal
automobiles. Such a program can build on the
TRAN 10. Increase Number of City Services fact that all three Tri-Valley cities already offer
Available by Phone or Electronic Media some chargers for electric vehicles (library, city
Increased accessibility of services reduces hall, large commercial development are
travel required by citizens, businesses, examples). The Dublin program working with
developers and other customers doing business the Fairway Ranch developer to provide electric
with city departments. Additional services would vehicles for trips to downtown could provide a
build on the substantial number of electronic and model for such programs.
phone opportunities already provided by Tri- Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Valley cities. Applies to: Public and Private Employers; Tri-
Pollutant VOC/NOx/PM Valley Residents
Applies to: City/County Residents & Clients Additional Organizations Involved: City & County
Additional Organizations Involved: Cities of Government, and many others
Pleasanton, Livermore and Dublin, and many Potential Funding Sources:
other cities References:
Potential Funding Sources: www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
References: w.shtml
22 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
.... '-/5'
,~ ' VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATIO~I
TRAN 13. Reduce City-Owned Paid Parkin.q TRAN 15. Expand Mass Transit
and/or Raise Parking Fees Identify and obtain funds to improve transit
The easy availability of ample, free parking service and ridership by enhancing the
encourages people to drive. The reduction of WHEELS bus system, shuttles, dial-a-ride, and
parking spaces and/or increases in parking fees DART. Enhancements could include expanded
can induce people to use mass transit or geographic coverage, increased service
bike/walk to avoid the hassle of looking for frequency and increased hours of service.
scarce parking and the very visible cost of Cities should continue to explore the use of
parking charges. Revenues from parking BART, DMUs, and other alternate rail
charges can fund transportation alternatives, technologies.
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Applies to: Public and Private Employers, Applies to: City & County Government & Transit
Retailers, Tri-Valley Residents and Visitors Agencies
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Additional Organizations Involved: Large
Government, and many others Employers
Potential Funding Sources: Potential Funding Sources: MTC, TFCA
References: References:
www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie www.atrquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtml w.shtml
TRAN 14. Traffic Calming TRAN 16. Bus Priority Program
Traffic calming refers to a wide range of Implementing a system of bus priority to include
improvements intended to slow traffic speeds traffic signal preemption and other measures
and thus encourage walking and cycling by reduces traffic delay to buses and improves the
im proving safety for pedestrians and cyclists, reliability and travel time of transit services and
Examples include: traffic medians, curb thus encourages ridership.
extensions, traffic circles, diverters, speed Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
humps and roadway narrowings. Other Applies to: City & County Government & Transit
measures such as closures (diagonal diverters, Agencies
half closures, full closures, and median barriers) Additional Organizations Involved: Tri-Valley
reduce cut-through traffic by obstructing traffic Residents & Visitors, and many others
movements in one or more directions and thus Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
im prove pedestrian and bicycle safety. Even References:
simple measures like crosswalks, reduced www.airquality, org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
speed limits, and rigorous enforcement of speed w.shtml
limits can make a difference.
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Applies to: Cities; Counties; Tri-Valley Residents
& Visitors
Additional Organizations Involved:
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA, TLC
References:
www.vtpi.org/calming.pdf;
www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/tcalm/index, htm;
www.trafficcalming.org;
www.airq uality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtml;
www.cityofpaloalto.org/ntcp/
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 23
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
TRAN 17. Improve/Pave Road Shoulders TRAN 19. Water Meter Readinfl Via
By paving dirt and gravel shoulders, particulate Transponders
matter being kicked up into the air will be greatly Reading residential water meters using
reduced when traffic is forced onto the shoulder, transponders allows the meter readers to
In addition, bike riding will be greatly enhanced operate their trucks at a steady pace, rather than
by providing a more comfortable, stable and stop and go.
safe path. Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Pollutant'. PM Applies to: City & County Employees
Applies to: City & County Government Additional Organizations Involved: City of Dublin
Additional Organizations Involved: Tri-Valley Potential Funding Sources:
Residents & Visitors, and many others References:
Potential Funding Sources:
References:
http://66.42.64.23 l/oca/index.aspx
TRAN 20. Provide School Buses to Reduce
School Con.qestion
Purchasing new school buses would decrease
TRAN 18. Idlin,q Restrictions for LarRe the congestion caused by parental drop-off and
Vehicles and Off-Road Equipment pick-up.
Cities could adopt policies requiring that large Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
city-owned and contractor vehicles (gross weight Applies to: Tri-Valley School Districts
rating of greater than 14,000 pounds) and off- Additional Organizations Involved: Other
road equipment would be restricted to engine California School Districts
idling for five consecutive minutes and engine Potential Funding Sources:Low Emission School
idling in parking lots would be prohibited. Bus Program
Transit providers could also adopt such a policy References:
for their operations. Such policies could be www. baaqmd.gov/pln/ProgramsandGrants/schoolbus/
modeled on a recent measure adopted by the pln_prgm_schoolbus.asp
ARB limiting school bus idling.
Pollutant: NOx/PM
Applies to: Transit Providers, City/County
Employees & Contractors TRAN 21. School Transit
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County Publicize and promote all of the transit options
Government available for parents to get their children to
Potential Funding Sources: school: 1) WHEELS offers free one month pass;
References: 2) "Safe Routes to School"; 3) "Rides to school"
www. deq.state.ok.us/AQDnew/whatsnew/SIP/EAC.htm; carpool program; 4)"Safety Valet" program; and
www.airquality.org/modelord/index.shtml 5) Tri-transit program. Continue to reduce
congestion at schools by getting PTAs involved
in solutions and improving walk/bike options to
high schools to decrease driving by students.
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Applies to: Tri-Valley School Districts and
Residents
Additional Organizations Involved: WHEELS;
California School Districts; Caltrans
Potential Funding Sources:
References:
http ://www. lavta.o rg/
24 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area ~1~
.... VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
TRAN 22. School Bus Idling Restrictions TRAN 24. "Smart Drive" Policy
K-12 schools and WHEELS should adopt Employers could establish standard procedures
policies and education programs for drivers of for staff trips such as reducing idling, linking
buses servicing schools to require and enhance trips, and accelerating more slowly will result in
the compliance with ARB's recently adopted greater fuel-efficiency and lower emissions.
Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Limit School Successful "smart drive" programs can also
Bus Idling and Idling at Schools. This measure result in net savings to the cities or county
limits idling to no more than five minutes and because of lower fuel costs.
limits starting an engine to no more than thirty Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
seconds prior to departure from the school. Applies to: Employers and Employees
Pollutant: NOx/PM Additional Organizations Involved: City of Austin
Applies to: K-12 schools and WHEELS Potential Funding Sources:
Additional Organizations Involved: ARB of References:
California has statewide responsibility www.ci.austin.tx.us/airquality/downloads/ozonereducti
Potential Funding Sources: on.pdf
References:
www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/sbidling/sbidling.htm
TRAN 25. Dynamic Ridesharin~ Pro~ram
This is an "instant carpooling" cooperative effort
TRAN 23. Best Workplaces for Commuters between the Alameda County Congestion
Program Management Agency and Environmental
The Bay Area Best Workplaces for Commuters Defense. Potential carpool riders and drivers
List spotlights Bay Area employers offering register on a web site. When they need a ride,
superior commuter benefits to employees, or, can offer a ride, they use their cell phone (or
thereby committing to reducing traffic and air the web) to place their request. This can be
pollution and improwng health and quality of life done a day in advance, or, on the same day.
for harried commuters. The City of Pleasanton This service will be free. This service differs
is already on the list. Other cities in the Tri- from the Rides service in that Rides does not
Valley and private employers should consider currently offer "same day" service. Participants
qualifying and getting on the list to publicize their will receive a dashboard sticker that qualifies
commitment to reducing commute emissions, them for one day of preferred parking at the
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Dublin BART station.
Applies to: Public and Private Em ployers & Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Employees; Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents
School District and Employer-Owned Fleets Additional Organizations Involved: Alameda CMA
Additional Organizations Involved: City of Potential Funding Sources: Alameda CMA
Pleasanton References:
Potential Funding Sources: www.accma.ca.gov/pages/index.shtml
References:
www.bwc.gov/campaign/sanfran .htm
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 25
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
LAND USE LU 2. Urban Heat Island Miti,qation
Dark colored building materials and paved
surfaces can increase ambient temperatures.
Urban heat island mitigation measures include
LU 1. Smart Growth planting trees (or saving existing trees from
Smart growth is development that serves the removal) and using light colored materials for
economy, the community, and the environment, roofs, streets, and parking lots. Use of lighter
It changes the terms of the development debate colored materials is designed to increase the
away from the traditional growth/no growth albedo (reflection of sunlight) in urban areas,
question to "how and where should new thus potentially reducing daytime ambient
development be accommodated." Local temperatures which can in turn (under the right
governments, for example, can promote conditions) result in lower ozone concentrations.
walkable neighborhoods, facilitate the Lower temperatures also reduce energy demand
development of public transit systems and for air conditioning. Planting trees is designed to:
transit-oriented neighborhoods, zone 1) Provide shade and thus reduce absorption of
communities for multiple uses and mixed- sunlight by building structures and pavement; 2)
incomes, and charge the actual cost. These Provide atmospheric cooling via increase
policies can reduce reliance on the automobile, evapotranspiration (evaporation of water from
and also have other benefits such as preserved leaf surfaces), and 3) Provide additional
open space, reduced long-distance commutes, vegetative surfaces for pollutant deposition.
and more vibrant communities. Pollutant: NOx/PM
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM Applies to: City & County Government; City
Applies to: City & County Government; buildings & streets; homeowners and developers
Developers Additional Organizations Involved:
Additional Organizations Involved: Tri-Valley Potential Funding Sources:
Residents & Employees References:
Potential Funding Sources: TLC, TFCA www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
References: w.shtml; www.tnrcc.state.tx, us/oprd/rule_lib/hga-
www.abaq .ca.gov/planning/smartg rowth/; appk.pdf
www.mtc.ca.gov/projects/livable_communities/Icindex
.htm;
www.baaqmd.gov/pln/smartgrowth.asp;
www.epa.gov/livability/
26 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
,,, VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
LU 3. "Green Buildings" LU 5. Air Quality Element in General Plans
Local government "green building" policies and General plans could be amended by adding an
regulations require design and maintenance air quality element or section to bring air quality
techniques that reduce energy and water into the decision making process. Many of the
consumption, helping to reduce air emissions, recommendations in this Tri-Valley Clean Air
Specific exam pies include: solar site orientation Plan could be advanced by adopting relevant
(positioning of building in relation to the sun for policies in the local general plan and pursuing
natural heating and cooling); choosing energy implementation programs. Cities could also
efficient designs and building materials; follow the lead of Pleasanton who will add a
daylighting and other forms of efficient lighting, "sustainability" element to their General Plan
such as skylights; use of light-colored reflective later this year. Water, waste, and air quality will
roofs to reduce cooling Ifad; water-efficient be considered in this element.
landscaping utilizing native, drought tolerant Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
plants; water-efficient plumbing fixtures Applies to: City & County Government
and appliances. Additional Organizations Involved: City of
Pollutant: NOx/PM Pleasanton
Applies to: City & County Government; Potential Funding Sources:
Developers Re~erences :
Additional Organizations Involved: www.cityofpaloalto.org/compplan/Natural4WEB.pdf;
Potential Funding Sources: www.ci,berkeley.ca.us/planning/landuse/plans/genera
References: Iplan/pdf/gpliteintroduction%5Fpolicies.pdf;
www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/sustainabledevelopmentJgreen www.ci.pleasanton.ca.us/genplanupdate.html
building;
www.oaklandpw.com/greenbuilding/index, htrn;
www.ci.san-jose.ca.us/esd/GB-HOME.HTM
LU 4. Jobs Housing Balance
Local government can adopt policies, general
plans and zoning ordinances with a goal of
achieving roughly equal numbers of jobs and
housing units in their jurisdictions. The result
can be that workers have the opportunity to
drive shorter distances or take transit, walk or
bike to work, thereby reducing VMT and air
emissions. Specific examples include allowing
mixed use zoning, permitting live/work units,
adopting jobs-housing linkages for new
commercial developments, etc.
Pollutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Applies to: City & County Government;
Developers
Additional Organizations Involved:
Potential Funding Sources:
References:
www.abag.ca.gov/planning/smartgrowth;
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
w.shtml;
www.afl reg. com/q ualityg rowth/Pla n ning/Tool kits/J OB
S_HOUSING_BALANCE_TOOL.PDF
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 27
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION ,=~
PUBLIC EDUCATION PE $. Public Education in Schools
Air quality would be added as one of the core
science elements taught in the schools.
BAAQMD has a curriculum (the "Clean Air
PE 1. Educate the Public to Promote Challenge") for 6th - 9th grades, which is
Behavior Chan.qes available now. Communications West is the
Utilizing materials developed by the BAAQMD, District's consultant on this issue.
ARB and EPA, cities and county government Pollutant: NOx/PM
can sponsor media campaigns, advertise Spare Applies to: K-12 schools
the Air support, prepare guides to shopping Additional Organizations Involved: Air Quality
without car, trip linking, mass transit, etc. These Agencies and City & County Government, and
materials can be modified and specifically many others
targeted for residents, visitors and employers in Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
the Tri-Valley Area. Dublin, Pleasanton, and References:
Livermore city web pages could also have a hot www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
link to the BAAQMD web site for citizens to w.shtml;
easily learn more about what can be done on www.epa.gov/epahome/educational.htm;
www.awma.org/resources/education/
Spare the Air days to reduce pollution. The
BAAQMD also has a program to report smoking
vehicles (call 1-800-EXHAUST), as well as a
program to report air pollution complaints (call PE 4. Education of Employers
1-800-344-ODOR).
As the cities and county develop their own air
Pollutant: NOx/PM programs such as commute options for
Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents & Visitors employees, fleet improvements, etc, they could
Additional Organizations Involved: City & County develop educational modules as to how
Government, and many others companies in their jurisdictions can contribute in
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
References: ways parallel to city/county programs. These
modules would be very cost effective to develop,
www. ci.austin.tx, us/airquality/downloads/ozonereducti
on.pdf; extrapolating the materials to private sector
www.epa.gov/epahome/educational.htm; applications. Local government employees
www.arb.ca.gov/html/cando.htm; responsible for the internal implementation of
www.baaqmd.gov their programs could be tasked with training their
private sector counterparts.
POllutant: VOC/NOx/PM
Applies to: Tri-Valley Employers
PE 2. Air Quality Award for Tri-Valley Additional Organizations Involved: Rides for Bay
Science Fair Area Commuters; Air Quality Agencies; City &
Adding an air quality award to this Science and County Government, and many others
Engineering Fair would help focus the issue with Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
high school students, and would compliment the References:
water quality award already offered, vwvw.sparetheair.org; www.rides.org/main/index, htm
Pollutant: NOx/PM
Applies to: K-12 schools
Additional Organizations Involved: LLNL
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
References:
http://tvsef, llnl.gov/sponsors.html
28 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
I
VOLUNTARY MEASURES FOR CONSIDERATION
,..., PE.5 Education to Improve Fuelin.q Practices PE 7. Resource Teams
Cities and Alameda County would develop a Business, government and community
~ targeted campaign aimed at drivers filling up in organizations come together at a local level as
their jurisdictions. Campaign could include joint a resource team to improve air quality. They do
~-" program with service stations to set up signage this by: 1) Educating their community about air
F"~ at stations and pumps as well as producing ads pollution (including Spare the Air) and about
and public service messages. Messages would actions community members can take to
"~"~' encourage drivers to not top off fuel tanks and to reduce air pollution; 2) Creating and promoting
r'~ make sure nozzles are fully drained before local programs to facilitate behavior change.
removing from vehicle and to fill up late in the The Tri-Valley team developed a Commuter
~ day. Reducing spillage during fueling will Choice Electronic Education piece, a Tri-Valley
~---,~ reduce VOC emissions from both gasoline and Transit Map, and co-sponsored a Family
diesel fueling. Fueling vehicles later in the day Transit-Day Fair in Livermore.
~'"~ reduces the potential for ozone, because the Pollutant: NOx/PM
~, emissions take several hours to form, and need Applies to: Tri-Valley Cities & Em ployers
high temperatures. Fueling in the evening Additional Organizations Involved: BAAQMD
r", means lower temperatures, and less sunlight. Potential Funding Sources:
Pollutant: VOC References:
Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents & Visitors
~'~ Additional Organizations Involved: Air Quality
~ Agencies, and many others
Potential Funding Sources: TFCA PE 8. Green Business Program
~-- References: The Bay Area Green Business Program,
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie a partnership among businesses, government
~ w.shtml agencies and the public, promotes environ-
~ mentally responsible companies to the public by
~ awarding the Green Business logo. Certified
~ Green Businesses must undergo certification
PE 6. Electronic Si.qn and Billboard Air inspections and must comply with environmental
~" Quality Messages. laws and regulations, conserve resources, and
~-- Cities would work with car dealerships on 1-580 use sound business practices to prevent
to dis play real-time ozone levels and Spare the environmental pollution.
~ Air message on their electronic billboards. Pollutant: NOx/VOC/PM
Cities could also work with billboard owners to Applies to: Tri-Valley Cities and Employers
display Spare the Air message during smog Additional Organizations Involved: ABAG
~'~ season. By displaying ozone levels and Spare Potential Funding Sources:
~ the Air days, d rivers would be encouraged to References:
drive less on high ozone days www.greenbiz.ca.gov
~ Pollutant: NOx
/,~ Applies to: Tri-Valley Residents & Visitors
Additional Organizations Involved: SMAQMD
~'~ Potential Funding Sources: TFCA
References:
www.airquality.org/cleanairplan/ws0306/ws0306Ovie
/-.. w.shtml
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 29
~-,-.,
ACRONYMS
A list defining and explaining acronyms used throughout the Clean Air Plan.
ACRONYM FULL NAME OR PHRASE and DESCRIPTION
ABAG Association of Bay Area Governments
ARB Air Resources Board of California
State agency charged with regulatory authority over mobile sources in California and oversight of local air
quality agencies.
BAAQMD Bay Area Air Quality Management District
Regional agency charged with planning, regulatory authority and enforcement to achieve air quality standards
in the nine-county Bay Area.
CMA Congestion Management Agency
An Alameda County agency, whose primary responsibility is to coordinate transportation planning, funding and
other activities in a congestion management program.
CMAQ Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program
Provides funding for surface transportation and other related projects that contribute to air quality
improvements and reduce congestion.
CMP Carl Moyer Program
Provides state funds on an incentive-basis for the incremental cost of cleaner than required engines
and equipment.
DART Direct Access Responsive Transit
DART Buses use flexible or "Flex Routing" to extend local passenger pickup and drop off to areas not served
by WHEELS regular fixed route buses.
DMU Diesel Multiple Unit
A self-propelled commuter rail passenger car that is capable of pulling additional coaches.
DOE Department of Energy ~11
Federal agency charged with protecting our national and economic security by promoting a diverse supply of ~
reliable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy.
LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ~
U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory located in Livermore operated by the University of California.
MTC Metropolitan Transportation Commission
MTC is the transportation planning, coordinating and financing agency for the nine-county San Francisco ~
Bay Area. ~
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
Gaseous pollutant emitted from the combustion of fossil fuel. Key component in the formation of ozone (smog).
30 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
APPENDIX
PM Particulate Matter
Term for particles found in the air, including dust, dirt, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets. They come from a
variety of sources such as cars, trucks, buses, factories, construction sites, tilled fields, unpaved roads, stone
crushing, and burning of wood.
RIDES (Not an Acronym) RIDES for Bay Area Commuters
Non-profit organization that provides transportation information and assistance to Bay Area commuters.
ROG Reactive Organic Gases
Hydrocarbon compounds that react with NOx in the presence of sunlight to create ozone (smog). Emitted by
combustion of fossil fuel and evaporation of hydrocarbon-based products. Term is often used interchangeably
with VOC.
SECAT Sacramento Emergency Clean Air and Transportation Program
Partnership between local government, clean air professionals, local businesses, and manufacturers that
prowdes incentive funding to replace older, high polluting trucks with cleaner newer models.
SULEV Su per-Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle
A SULEV vehicle is defined by the state of California as being eight times cleaner than an Ultra Low Emissions
Vehicle (ULEV), 90% cleaner than the average new car, and its rating is second only to the Zero Emission
Vehicle (ZEV).
TFCA Transportation Fund for Clean Air
The BAAQMD collects a $4 surcharge on motor vehicle registration fees paid within the San Francisco Bay
Area to fund the TFCA. TFCA revenues are allocated by the Air District to public agencies, such as cities and
counties, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, transit districts, and public schools, for air quality
improvement projects.
TLC Transportation for Livable Communities
Grant program administered by MTC to promote community vitality and provide transit, pedestrian and
bicycling amenities. Includes planning and capital grants.
UHIMM Urban Heat Island Mitigation Measures
Planting trees (or saving existing trees from removal) and using light colored materials for roofs, streets, and
parking lots.
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
Federal agency responsible for oversight of air quality management agencies in all states and adoption of
certain minimum standards applicable in all areas.
VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled
Number of miles traveled by automobiles, trucks and buses.
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
Hydrocarbon corn pounds that react with NOx in the presence of sunlight to create ozone (smog). Emitted by
combustion of fossil fuel and evaporation of hydrocarbon-based products. Term is often used interchangeably
with ROG.
WHEELS (Not an Acronym)
Livermore Amador Valley Transit Authority (LAVTA) service that provides public transportation for the
Tri-Valley.
Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area 31
Acknowledgements
About the authors:
Ellen Garvey
Ellen has more than 25 years of experience in the public sector working on
environmental issues. Ellen was the Executive Officer of the Bay Area Air Quality
Management District from 1996-2002. During her tenure, she was responsible for all air
quality policy and programs for the nine-county region. Prior to this, Ellen was the
Director of the BAAQMD's Technical Division. Ellen has extensive experience in power
plant and refinery permitting, drafting regulations, and testifying before Boards and
Commissions. As a consultant, Ellen has provided clients air quality policy advice on a
national as well as local level. She has also drafted energy and transportation reports,
analyzed various air quality control options, and analyzed state and national legislation.
Ellen received a BS in Environmental Engineering from Pennsylvania State University,
and a Certificate of Business Administration from UC Berkeley, graduating with
distinction.
Dave Howekamp
Dave Howekamp has more than 30 years of experience in the public and private sector
working on environmental issues. He was the Director of the Air Division for EPA's San
Francisco Regional Office, where for nearly 20 years he was the principal advisor to the
Regional Administrator on policy, technical and political issues involving air quality
management and radiation. He has extensive experience in administrative and judicial
enforcement, permitting of new facilities, developing State implementation plans,
developing emission limiting ruleS, and development of emissions trading programs. As
a consultant, Dave has provided clients expert witness reports in complex Clean Air Act
litigation matters, developed air quality plans for local government, analyzed impacts
and controls for port expansion projects and analyzed remediation costs for recovery
from insurance carriers. He received both a BS in Mechanical Engineering and an MBA
from the University of California at Berkeley.
Tri-Valley Clean Air Plan designed by Patricia Kreamer
Printed by Pacific Color Graphics
Cover photo provided by Hacienda Business Park
32 Clean Air Plan for the Tri-Valley Area
I
'~~ff CTTY CLERK-
#1 .... 'lL l lt i' l '
AGENDA STATEMENT . .
· CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: November 4, 2003
SUBJECT: Approval o£the Clean Air Consortium Checklist for the Reduction
of Ozone Producing Emissions and Program Changes Necessary for
Adoption .
Report Prepared by: Melissa Morton, City Engineer
ATTACHMENTS: 1. ' Resolution approving the adoption of the Clean Air Consortium
Checklist and execution of the Voluntary Agreement, together
with Exhibit "A", Clean Air Consortium Checklist, Exhibit
"B", Position Letter, and Exhibit "C", Voluntary Agreement
2. Comparative analysis of Checklist Measures and 'their relative
impact on current operations
3. Clean Air Consortium Feedback Form
RECOMMENDATION:I"~/~ Adopt the resolution approving the adoption of the Clean Air
· ~t- Consortium Checklist, authorize the Mayor to'.sign the attached
cover letter explaining the City's position on one of the checklist
measures and execute the Voluntary Agreement.
FINANCIAL sTATEMENT: Adoption of the clean Air Consortium Checklist would mean
that certain activities in-the City would not occur with the same
frequency during the summer months when ozone producing
emissions are highest. In addition, some increase in the cost of
services may be experienced by the City if projects must be deferred
due to Spare the 2tir Day designations occurring during the
construction period.
DESCRIPTION: Over the last decade, there has been an increased awareness and
concern about air pollution generated by off-road mobile sources, Such as lawn and garden equipment.
Research has shown that equipment with small gasoline combustion engines is a major contributor to air
pollution in the Bay Area and throughout the United States. For .example, during the summer in the Bay
Area, gasoline-powered lawn mowers create 9 tons of pollution every day.
, COPIES TO:
ATTACHMENT 2 ,.
.G:'u~.GENMISC~agst clean air checklist, doe
Through the new initiative, Leading the way to Attainment: The Clean Air Consortium,
' Bay Area
Air Quality Management District (Air District) hopes to. reduce emissions and rise to the challenge of
attaining clean air standards. Clean air is particularly important 'to people. with asthmatic conditions and
to children, seniors, pregnant women, and exercising adults, as well. Twice in the recent past,
transportation funding ($3.3 billion)has been threatened because the region does not meet the federal one-
hour ozone standard~' HoweVerl the Bay Area is very close to attaining the necessary air quality standard
'and the Air District believes that the City of Dublin, by participating in the activities listed in the checklist
to the best of its ability, can m~e a difference in achi.'eving better air quality for the Bay Area.
In examining the Clean Air Consortium Checklist and the potential modifications to current operations
that will be necessary to comply with the intent of the Checklist, most of the' City's regular maintenance
will easily accommodate the. changes needed to comply. 'It is important to note. that some periodic
maintenance will have to wail until the next scheduled time for completion,' and landscaping, as an
example, may not look as neat because regular edging had been scheduled on a Spare.the Air day and.had
to be skipped.
In'addition, the checklist includbs ~escheduling largescale surface coating and painting projects when they
fall on a Spare th~ Air day. Thb operational and cost implications of rescheduling these activities on such
short notice .(Spare the Air day notices are typicall~r received by 2:00 p.m. the prior day) are significant...
While the materials for the improvements (pavement, paint, etc.), woul~l not be necess~3', -all of the labor..
and equipment for the project Would already be scheduled and charged to the City...Rescheduling these.
activities 'could cost the City as much as 85% of the total project cost. In an effort to find an acceptable.
compromise, staff proposed to Consortium staff that rather than make the commitment to reschedule these
activities, staff would schedule pavement and striping projects in the. spring and late fall 'in an effort to
avoid the very hot weather that typically accompanies days where.high ozone-emissions becomes..
prohibitive. Whefi projects are adjacent to schools, scheduling of largescale surfacing or p~nting projects
would also have to be 'coordinated with local schools ioi. nsure that activities are conducted.when, school' is.
"not in session, further limitihg the times when these projects could Occur. Inl diSCUssions with a
representative of the Consortium, the representative emphasized that measures on the' Checklist would be
attained to the best of the City'S ability, but he acknowledged that some activities would be. too costly for
the City to resChedule (i.e. large resurfacing and painting projeCts) on Spare the Air days.
The Checklist also commits designated personnel'to' respond to brief summaries on.the citY's attainment
of the Checklist measures. The reporting form (Attachment 3) provided by the Air District is simple for
Staff to prepare after, a Spare the Air day has occurred.
'Staff recommends that the city Council adopt the resolution approving the adoption of the Clean Air
'Consortium Checklist, authori2 e the Mayor to sign the attached cover letter explaining the City's position
on one of the checklist measures and execute the Voluntary Agreement.
.. ' REsoLUTiON NO. -03
A RESOLUTIONOF THE..C!TY .CO.UN. CIL
o~- Tm~ CITY OF mmLiN
APPROVING ADOPTION OF TIlE CLEAN AIR.CONSORTIUM CHECKLIST .......
A~rO EX~ctmON. Oe Tim VOLU~!TA!~....Y Aemr,!m~. As. REguesxEI) 'Y TIl~,
BAY Am~A ~aa Qv~a,ia~ ~AG~,~m~r InSTruCT
WHEREAS, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District has requested the City of Dublin's
participation in Leading the Way to Atta..inment: The Clean Air Consortium; and
WHEREAS, in order to participate, the City of Dublin must comply 'with the Clean Air
COnsortim Checklist to' the best of its ability and execute the Voluntary Agreement; and
WHEREAs, compliance with the checklist measures will be self-m0nit0red by City personnel and
reported tO the Bay Area Air Quality Management District for documentation of clean air activities on
Spare the Air days; and'
WHEREAS, as part of the agreement, the City .agrees to allow the Bay Area Air Quality
Management District to list the City of Dublin as being in compliance with, to the best of its ability,
the Clean Air Consortium Checklist; and
...NOw, THEREFORE, BE IT.. RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Dublin does
· hereby adopt the Clean Air Consortium Checklist, hereto attached as Exhibit "A", and approves the
Volun/ary Agreemem, hereto attached as Exhibit "B".
· BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Mayor is authorized to. execute the agreement.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 4th day of November, 2003.
'AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
Mayor
ATTEST:
City Clerk
GAAGENMISC~so clean air cheeklist.cloe. '
' ...". :.-. :" - ." ..,The CleanAir co'nsO~tium CheckliSt -"
Parks & Grounds Maintenance
""' - ~' Stgp at the.click, do not overfill gasoline: tanks "
. ':.'. i'~- Maintain equipment; tune engines, sharpen blades~ and clean'the underside of the
SparetheAirDayAaivities- :.. .~...- " ..
~'. Avoid'using hand-held~' gas powered eqUipment like 1awn mowers, trimmers and:chain
· ' saws .
.. '/ Use hand tools or.electr~c equipment when pos. Sible
,/ Reschedule pa~xting/striping projects ... .
~' RefUel:aS late in the day.as pos~ible , . .
Facilities/Building Maintenance . · ~ . . . .
Fleets andpUbtie Works'
'~on~zome:~- -- .. . . ' ...... . ......." ~"".-.,
'~' ~ghfiy.sea~'aI1 solvent Containers; properly dispose of rags.cOntaining Solvent waste
~". -Keep vehicles tuned UP :and 'tires pr~perly.'infla~ed...- · ..
..... -" Avoid idling .- ...
': -. ,,' :.Stop'at the cli'ck~'do not overfill gasoline ta~ks . ' . :'
':'-"Spare the :Air Day'ACtivities..'. .- ".. ..
: '.. ' V"..Reschedule'~a_rge sCale'sUrf~ce C0ating/painti~g Projects. . .
.-:- .. v". AvOid idling'. '. ':
' ~' Do not refuel vehicles or wait until late in"the day.
' '".~ ReSChedule:.'ve~de pa'rating ' "
v" Reschedule'Storage .tank filling
Public Information " ' ....
Ongoing "
~' 'Have.material available to the public on,summertime Ozone pollutiOn; -.
"¥" Encourage.the:use of ~tematiVe transporfation, t~ip reduction and trip linking .-
Spare the Air Day Activities .. .
.. -/ Notify employees o£ Spare' the. Air days 'and provide employees with reCommendations on
how the~ C~n reduc~'oz6ne pollution (materials available from the Air District no cost)
· . ~ PlaCe a Spare the Air ~ert on your local cable channel scroll
· / Display signage signifying~ that it is a Spare the Air day.
· / Publicize your agency's participation and accomplishments
ITY
OF
100 Civic Plaza, Dublin, Cali,ornia 94568 Website: http://www, ci.dublimca.us
November 4, 2003
Scott Hagarty, Chair
' ' BayArea Air Quality Management District
939 Ellis Street
:. San Francisco, CA 94109
.... ...... . .................... ..,.~ Dear Mr.. Hagan:
".' This letter is ha respOnse to your request that the City of Dublin Partidipate in the new initiative of
the Bay Area Air Quality Management District ;Leading the Vgay to Attainment: The Clean Air
Consortium. The City of Dublin is committed in making a difference in air quality that will be
realized asa result of incorporating the checklist into the way we conduct business. However, it
is important tO understand how the City of Dublin intends to comply with one'of the Checklist
measures.
The checklist includes re'scheduling largescale' surface coating and painting projects when they
fall on a Spare the Air day. The operational and cost implications ofrescheduling these activities
on such short'notice '(Spare the Air day notices are typieally received by 2:00 p.m. the prior day)
are significant. While the materials fgL~.h..~ .improvements (pavement, paint, etc.) would not be
necessary, all of the labor and equipment fOr the project Would already be scheduled and 'charged
to the City. Rescheduling these activities could cost the City as much as 85% of the total project
cost. In an effort to fred an acceptable compromise, staff proposed to Consortim staffthat rather
than make the commitment to resehedule these activities, staff would schedule pavement and
striping projects in the spring and late fall in an effo~t to avoid the. very hot weather that typically
accompanies days where high ozone emissions become prohibitive. When projects are adjaqent
to schools, scheduling of largescale surfacing or painting projects would also have tojbe
coordinated with local schools to insure that activities are conducted when school is no~ in
session, further 'limiting the times when these projects could occur. In discussions wit~a a
representative of the Consortium, the representative emphasized that measures on the Checklist
would be attained to the best of the City's abitity, but he aelmowledged that some activities we uld
be too co~fly for the City to reschedule (i.e. large resurfacing and painting projects) on Spare the
Air days, and recommended that the City provide that feedback to the Consortium as part of )ur
reporting.
With 'that one stipulation made, the city of Dublin has adopted the Clean Air Consord am
Checklist and executed the attached Voluntary Agreement. If you have any questions, please, :all
Melissa Morton, tlxe CitY Engineer at (925) 833-6635.
Sincerely,
Janet Loekhart · ._.
MayoroftheCity of Dublin ~ ~C'ft~ ~'~--~,
Area Code (925) - City Manager 833-6650 · City Council 833-6650 o Personnel 833-6605 · Economic Development 833-6650
Finance 833-6640 · Public Works/Engineering 8'33-6630 · Parks & Community Services 833-6645 · Police 833-6670
Planning/Code Enforcement 833-6610 · Building Inspection 833-6620 - Fire Prevention Bureau 833-6606
Pdnted on Recycled Paper
The Clean Air ConsortiUm.Voluntary Agreement
We the' . Undemigned public entity/agenc, y agree to abide· by
the attached clean Air Consortium checklist to the best of. our ability in order 'to
'contribute our maximum msoumes toward reducing air pollution in the BaY ^rea.
" .,.We the-undemigned public entity/agencY.agree to allow the BaY'Area Air Quality.
Management District to list our entity/agenCy as ~eing in compliance with,' to the
best of our ability,'the· attached Clean Air Consortium checklist. ..
· We ~the undersigned public entity/agenCy agree to publici'ze our pa.~ciPatior~ in
· The Clean Air .COnsOrtium as a part of our On-going outreach and educational
efforts with the Public.
We the undemigned public entity/agency agree to designate personnel who will
respond to brief.sur~eys to document 'our clean, air a~ivities on Sparo the'Air
days. *Spare the Air days are days on which 'ground level ozone air pollutant's
are threatbning to 'exceed federal health standards.
.Janet'Lockhart, Mayor, City of Dublin Date'
City Manager's Office
MEMORANDUM
DATE: September 18, 2003
TO: Richard C. Ambrose, City Manager
.~9 Joni L. Pattillo, Assistant City Manager
FROM:
. SUBJEC '.T~A FOLLOW-UP ON BAY AREA AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT-
LEADING THE WAY TO ATTAINMENT: THE CLEAN AIR CONSORTIUM
In response to yom- request that Staff. and I review the Clean Air Consortium Volunt''u'y
Agreement by September 18, 2003, with the focus of the review concentrating on the elements of
any additional work and Cost associated that Would be required to comply with elements Of this
agreement, I have prepared some quick at-glance tables for your review that takes into the work
that was completed by Melissa Morton, City Engineer and MCE (attached are their detailed
summaries):
Parks & Grounds
AccOmplished Operational Potential Costs
Ongoing: · with minimal Impacts Implications
impact ....
,,' Stop at ~e click, do not Yes Minimal- Minimal- Public':"
overfill gasoline tanks' Training Memo Works stafffime
to Employees to develop and
and Contractors distribute the
about this training memo.
practice
· / Maintain equipment, tune Yes None- Current None- Current
· engines, sharpen blades, practice practice
and clean the underside of
the mower deck
Accomplished Operational Potential Cost
Ongoing: with minimal Impacts Implications
impact
Spare the ~tir D~y Activities: .
,/ Avoid using hand-held, gas No- on aesthetics Minimal- Work. None- MCE
powered equipment like Yes- on could be would not charge
· lawn mowers, trimmers and Operational reseheduled for for work that was
chain saws and Cost the next regular not performed.
Implications maintenance
cycle. The
outcome would
be a less],
manicurea
appearance based
on waiting for
the next cycle.
~r Use hand tools Or el~dc Yes Minimal- MCE None-
equipment whenpossible would'just need : ..... ~ ... ..... .~.; ..
to revise it ": "
i scheduling on .'
manual tasks for
the Spare the Air
Days.
~ Reschedule Yes Minimal~ Minimal
painting/striping projects
,/ Refuel as late in the day as Yes- in the Minimal; MCE None-
possible majority of cases & Pacheeo have
agreed to refuel
in the evening.
There may be
rare occasions
that refueling
might be needed
(i.e. re-fuel a
s .raall piece of
equipment) .......
Facilities/Building Maintenance
· Fleet and Public Works,
Accomplished Operational' Potential Cost
Ongoing: . with rrdnimal ' Imp acts Implications
impact
,/ . Tightly seal all solvent Yes- Current None- C~ axent None- Current
containers; properly dispose practice practice practice
of rags containing solvent
waste
.,/ Keep vehicles tuned up and Yes- Current None- C a-rent None- Current
tires properly i.nflated practice practice ' . ...pratt!ce
.. 2
Accomplished Operational Potential Cost
Ongoing: with minimal Impacts Implications
impact
-/ Avoid idling Yes Minimal- Minimal- Public
Training Memo Works staff time
to Employees to develop and
· and Contractors distribute the
about this training memo.
prae. tice
· / Stop at the click, do not Yes Minimal- Minimal- Public
overfill gasoline tanks Training Memo . Works stafftime
to Employees to develop and
and Contractors distribute the
about this training memo.
prac,,ti,'ce
Spare the Air Day Acrid'ties:
· " ' Reschedule large scale No Significant- Significant-
surface coating/painting Based on our Based on our
projects current practice it current practice it
would have would have
significant significant
impact, impact.
,/ Avoid idling Yes Minimal- Min(mal- Publib"
Training Memo Works staff time
to Employees to develop and
and Contractors distribute the
" 'about this training memo.
practice '~:.~'::
~' Do not refuel vehieies or Yes Minimal- Minimal- Public ....
wait until late in the day Training Memo Works staff time
to Employees to develop and
and Contractors distribute the
about this training memo.
practice
,/ 'Reschedule vehicle painting Yes None- None-
,/ Reschedule storage tank Yes Minimal- Order None-''S~me
filling fuel before tanks amotmt of fuel
are very low. purchased just
the delivery~
would change
Public Information
' Accomplished Operational Potential Cost
Ongoing: with minimal Impacts Implications
impact
v~ Have material available to Yes- Current None- Current None- Current
the public on summertime practice practice practice
ozone pollution .
3
' Accomplished Operational Potential Costs
Ongoing: with minimal Impacts . . Implications
impact ;
v' Encourage the use of Yes- Current None- Current ~'~.: None- Current
alternative transpomtion, ....practice practice practice
trip reduction and trip
linking
Spare the Air 1)ay Activ!O?s: " . ....
,r' Notify emplOyees of Spare Yes- Current None- Cra-rent. None- Current
the Air days and provide practice practice practice
employees with
recommendations on how '
they can reduce ozone
ppllution (materials
available from the Air
District no cgst)
,/ Place a Spare the Ak alert Yes Minimal-. Staff Minimal- Staff
on your local Cable channel wOUld need to time to develop
scroll prepare a the standard
standard message message and
and notify the notify the cable
cable company company.
v' Display signage signifying Yes ....... Minimal- Staff Minimal- Staff
that it is a Spare the Air day would need.to would need to
prepare a prepare a
standard message standard message
and contact the and contact the
Auto Center Auto Center
,/ publicize your agency's Yes Minimal- Staff Minimal- Staff
participation and would need to would need to
accomplishments prepare an article prepare an article
to be included in to be included in
the City's annual the City's annual
newsletter and newsletter and
website, website.
F:k9-18-03 clean air consortium cklist.doc
4
Clean Air Consortium Feedback Form.
Voluntary Actions taken by Cities and counties on Spare the Air days. .
Agency Name:
Contact Person: Phone:.
E-mail
Spare the Air Date: Today's Date:
On the Spare the Air day noted above we did the folloWing:
Avoided using hand-held, gas powered equipment (lawn mowers,
leaf blowers, trimmers and chain saws)
Rescheduled surface coating/painting projects
Refueled vehicles as late in the day as possible
Avoided idling of vehicle~ our fleet
Rescheduled storage tank filling
Notified all of our employees and contractors that it was a Spare
the Air day ..
May the Air District ~.,a,n release the.information abqve t.othe press?
PleaSe list any difficulties you encountered doing any of the above in the space
below:
Please return this form within 24 hours of the Spare the Air day by e-mai/or fax
to (415)· 749-5101. Note that the Air District may use your feedback in a post-
Spare the Air day press re/ease. THANK YOU!
Any questions? P/ease contact Terry Lee, Director of Pub~lc Information &
Education at (4~5) 749-4905.
ATTACH v E